Skip to main content

Biophysical Studies of Interactions of Hirudin Analogs with Bovine and Human Thrombin by ESR and Fluorescence Labelling Studies

  • Chapter
The Design of Synthetic Inhibitors of Thrombin

Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((AEMB,volume 340))

Abstract

The interactions between thrombin and synthetic or natural (polypeptide) inhibitors has been well characterized at the atomic level by x-ray crystallography as evidenced by the spectacular progress outlined elsewhere in this book. In some cases, however, elements of structural disorder in the x-ray picture are clouded by uncertainties as to the origins of this disorder: multiple conformers of the protein crystal packing effects or real conformational changes resulting from the enzyme:inhibitor interaction.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 129.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. H.A. Scheraga, K. Gibson, and F. Ni, NMR studies of thrombin-fibrinopeptide and thrombin-hirudin complexes, in: “Thrombin: Structure and Function,” Berliner, L. J. (ed.), Plenum Publishing, New York, NY. pp. 63 (1992).

    Google Scholar 

  2. S.R. Stone, J. and Hofsteenge, Kinetics of the inhibition of thrombin by hirudin, Biochemistry 25: 4622 (1986).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. L.J. Berliner, Using the spin label method in enzymology, in: “Spectroscopy in Biochemistry, Vol. 2,” J. E. Bell, ed. CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida pp. 1 (1980).

    Google Scholar 

  4. L.J. Berliner, ESR and fluorescence studies of thrombin active site conformation, in: Thrombin: Structure and Function, L.J. Berliner, ed. Plenum Publishing, New York, NY pp. 87 (1992).

    Google Scholar 

  5. L.J. Berliner, and Y.Y.L. Shen, Active site fluorescent labelled dansyl and anthraniloyl human thrombins, Thromb. Res. 12: 15 (1977).

    Google Scholar 

  6. G. Musci, L.J. Berliner, and C.T. Esmon C.T, Evidence for multiple conformational changes in the active center of thrombin induced by complex formation thrombomodulin: an analysis employing nitroxide spin labels, Biochemistry 27: 769 (1988).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. T.J. Rydel, K.G. Ravichandran, A. Tulinsky, W. Bode, R. Huber, C. Roitsch, and J.H. Fenton Jr., The structure of a complex of recombinant hirudin and human a-thrombin, Science 249: 277 (1990).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. T.J. Rydel, and A Tulinsky, Refined structure of the hirudin-thrombin complex, J. Mol. Biol. 221: 583 (1991).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. E. Skrzypczak-Jankun, V.E. Carperos, K.G. Ravichandran, and A. Tulinsky, Structure of the hirugen and hirulog 1 complexes of a-thrombin, J. Mol. Biol. 221: 1379 (1991).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. W. Bode, R. Huber, T.J. Rydel, and A. Tulinsky, X-ray structure of human thrombin: structure of hirudin:thrombin complex, in: “Thrombin: Structure and Function,” Berliner, L. J. (ed.), Plenum Publishing, New York, NY. pp. 3 (1992).

    Google Scholar 

  11. W. Bode, I. Mayr, U. Baumann, R. Huber, S.R. Stone, and J. Hofsteenge, The refined 1.9 A crystal structure of human a-thrombin: Interaction with D-Phe-Pro-Arg chloromethylketone and significance of the Tyr-Pro-Pro-Trp insertion segment, EMBO. J. 8: 3467 (1989).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. S.A. Sonder, and J.W. Fenton, Jr. Differential inactivation of human and bovine a-thrombins by exosite affinity-labelling reagents, Thromb. Res. 32: 623 (1983).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. R.L. Lundblad, M.E. Nesheim, D.L. Straight, S. Sailor, J. Bowie, J.W. Jenzano, J.D. Robert, and K.G. Mann, Bovine a-and ß-thrombin is not a consequence of reduced affinity for fibrinogen, J. Biol. Chem. 259: 6991 (1984).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. R. Lottenberg, J.A. Hall, J.W. Fenton, Jr. and C.M. Jackson, The action of thrombin on peptide p-nitroanilide substrates: hydrolysis of tos-gly-pro-arg-pNA and D-phe-pip-arg-pNA by human a-and y-and bovine a-and ß-thrombins, Thromb. Res. 28: 313 (1982).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Y. Sugawara, J.J. Birktoft, and L.J. Berliner, Human a-and y-thrombin inhibition by trypsin inhibitors supports predictions from molecular graphics experiments, Seminars in Thrombosis and Hemostasis 12: 209 (1985).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. L.J. Berliner, and Y.Y. Shen, Physical evidence for an apolar binding site near the catalytic center of human a-thrombin, Biochemistry 16: 4622 (1977b).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. S. Kono, J.W. Fenton, Jr. and G.B. Villanueva, Analysis of the secondary structure of hirudin and the conformational change upon interaction with thrombin, Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 267: 158 (1988).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. L.J. Berliner, R.S. Bauer, T-L. Chang, J.W. Fenton II, and Y.Y.L. Shen, Active site topography of human coagulant (a) and noncoagulant (y) thrombins, Biochemistry 20: 1831 (1981).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. M.S. Brower, D.A. Walz, K.E. Garry, and J.W. Fenton, J.W. II, Human neutrophil elastase alters human a-thrombin function: Limited proteolysis near the y-cleavage site results in decreased fibrinogen clotting and platelet-stimulatory activity, Blood 69: 813 (1987).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. D.V. Brezniak, M.J. Brower, J.I. Witting, D.A. Walz, and J.W. Fenton II, Human a-to t-thrombin cleavage occurs with neutrophil cathepsin G or chymotrypsin while retaining fibrinogen clotting activity, Biochemistry 29: 3536 (1989).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. V.L. Nienaber, and L.J. Berliner, Conformational differences between human bovine thrombins as detected by electron spin resonance and fluorescence spectroscopy, Thromb. Haemostas. 65: 40 (1991).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. J.K. Rowand, and L.J. Berliner, Structural differences in active site-labelled thrombin complexes with hirudin isoinhibitors, J. Protein Chem. 11: 483 (1992).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1993 Springer Science+Business Media New York

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Berliner, L.J., Woodford, J.K. (1993). Biophysical Studies of Interactions of Hirudin Analogs with Bovine and Human Thrombin by ESR and Fluorescence Labelling Studies. In: Claeson, G., Scully, M.F., Kakkar, V.V., Deadman, J. (eds) The Design of Synthetic Inhibitors of Thrombin. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 340. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-2418-6_5

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-2418-6_5

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4899-2420-9

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4899-2418-6

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics