Abstract
In 1974, Ajello and coworkers1 created the term phaeohyphomycosis (phaeo, brown; hypho, hyphal) to encompass a group of fungal infections distinct from chromoblastomycosis. Historically, phaeohyphomycosis has been referred as chromomycosis (in part), cerebral chromomycosis, cladosporiosis, phaeomycotic cyst, phaeosporotrichosis, and subcutaneous phaeomycotic cyst. McGinnis and colleagues2,3 have recently refined the concept of phaeohyphomycosis by recognizing several clinically distinct presentations. Phaeohyphomycosis consists of a distinct, heterogeneous, and important group of mycotic infections in which the etiologic agents occur in tissue as either dematiaceous yeastlike cells, pseudohyphaelike elements, septate hyphae, or any combination of these forms.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Ajello, L., Georg, L. K., Steigbigel, R. T., and Wang, C. J. K., 1974, A case of phaeohyphomycosis caused by a new species of Phialophora, Mycologia 66: 490–498.
McGinnis, M. R., 1983, Chromoblastomycosis and phaeohyphomycosis: New concepts, diagnosis, and mycology, J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. 8: 1–16.
McGinnis, M. R., Ajello, L., and Schell, W. A., 1985, Mycotic diseases: A proposed nomenclature, Int. J. Dermatol. 24: 9–15.
Dixon, D. M., Polak, A., and Conner, G. W, 1989, Mel-mutants of Wangiella dermatitidis in mice: Evaluation of multiple mouse and fungal strains, J. Med. Vet. Mycol. 27: 335–341.
Sindhuphak, W, MacDonald, E., Head, E., and Hudson, R. D., 1985, Exophiala jeanselmei infection in a postrenal transplant patient, J Am. Acad. Dermatol. 13: 877–881.
Naka, W, Harada, T., Nishikawa, T., and Fukushiro, R., 1986, A case of chromoblastomycosis: With special reference to the mycology of the isolated Exophiala jeanselmei, Mykosen 29: 445–452.
Schnadig, V. J., Long, E. G., Washington, J. M., McNeely, M. C., and Troum, B. A., 1986, Phialophora verrucosa-induced subcutaneous phaeohyphomycosis. Fine needle aspiration finding, Acta. Cytol. 30: 425–429.
McGinnis, M. R., Rinaldi, M. G., and Winn, R., 1986, Emerging agents of phaeohyphomycosis: Pathogenic species Bipolaris and Exserohilum, J Clin. Microbiol. 24: 250–259.
Standard, P. G., Kaufman, L., and Padhye, A. A., 1988, An immunological procedure for the rapid identification of Phaeoannellomyces werneckii, Diag. Clin. Immunol. 5: 367–370.
Gentles, J. C., and Evans, E. G. V, 1970, Infection of the feet and hands with Hendersonula toruloidea, Sabouraudia 8: 72–75.
Hay, R. J., and Moore, M. K., 1984, Clinical features of superficial fungal infections caused by Hendersonula toruloidea and Scyalidium hyalinum, Br. J. Dermatol. 110: 677–683.
Kotylo, P. K., Israel, K. S., Cohen, J. S., and Bartlett, M. S., 1989, Subcutaneous phaeohyphomycosis of the finger caused by Exophiala spinifera, Am. J. Clin. Pathol. 91: 624–627.
Bennett, J. E., Bonner, H., Jennings, A. E., and Lopez, R. I., 1973, Chronic meningitis caused by Cladosporium trichoides, Am. J. Clin. Pathol. 59: 398–407.
Dixon, D. M., Walsh, T. J., Merz, W. G., and McGinnis, M. R., 1989, Infections due to Xylohypha bantiana (Cladosporium trichoides), Rev. Infect. Dis. 11: 515–525.
McGinnis, M. R., Borelli, D., Padhye, A. A., and Ajello, L., 1986, Reclassification of Cladosporium bantianum in the genus Xylohypha, J. Clin. Microbiol. 23: 1148–1151.
McGinnis, M. R., Padhye, A. A., and Ajello, L., 1987, Cladosporium trichoides var. chlamydosporum: An invalidly published name, Mycologia 79 :803–805.
Eisenberg, E. S., Leviton, I., and Soeiro, R., 1986, Fungal peritonitis inpatients receiving peritoneal dialysis: Experience with 11 patients and review of the literature, Rev. Infect. Dis. 8: 309–321.
Maskin, S. L., Fetchick, R. J., Leone, C. R., Jr., Sharkey, P. K., and Rinaldi, M. G., 1989, Bipolaris hawaiiensis caused phaeohyphomycotic orbitopathy. A devastating fungal sinusitis in an apparently immunocompetent host, Ophtalmology 96: 175–179.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1993 Springer Science+Business Media New York
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
El-Zaatari, M.M., McGinnis, M.R. (1993). Phaeohyphomycosis. In: Murphy, J.W., Friedman, H., Bendinelli, M. (eds) Fungal Infections and Immune Responses. Infectious Agents and Pathogenesis. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-2400-1_16
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-2400-1_16
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-1-4899-2402-5
Online ISBN: 978-1-4899-2400-1
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive