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Neuropsychological Changes after Anterior Temporal Lobectomy

Acute Effects on Memory, Language, and Music

  • Chapter
The Neuropsychology of Epilepsy

Part of the book series: Critical Issues in Neuropsychology ((CINP))

Abstract

In the first part of this chapter, we present a selective review of neuropsychological changes after anterior temporal lobectomy (ATL). Proposed models for neuropsychological effects of ATL are presented, followed by a review of research on changes in cognitive function, with emphasis on memory and learning, language, and musical processing. Methodological problems that complicate the interpretation of research findings on neuropsychological consequences of surgery are described. In the remainder of this chapter, we present data from a series of recent studies in our laboratory examining changes in memory, language, and musical processing. Patients with medically refractory complex partial seizure disorders who are surgical candidates typically show a mean level of preoperative performance below that of normal control samples. Developmental history, particularly age at first risk factor for brain injury and age of onset of seizures, appears to be important for predicting pre-and postoperative neuropsychological function. Before surgery, those with early onset of seizures often have the poorest baseline performance. After surgery, early risk is an important predictor of cognitive outcome. Our finding of less disruption of memory and language 2–3 weeks after surgery in patients with early risks is consistent with the hypothesis that early brain injury is associated with reorganization of function.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Brain Behavior Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19104-4283, USA

    Andrew J. Saykin, Lindsey J. Robinson, Paul Stafiniak, D. Brian Kester & Ruben C. Gur

  2. Division of Neurosurgery, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19104-4283, USA

    Michael J. O’Connor

  3. Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19104-4283, USA

    Michael R. Sperling

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  1. Department of Psychology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA

    Thomas L. Bennett

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Saykin, A.J. et al. (1992). Neuropsychological Changes after Anterior Temporal Lobectomy. In: Bennett, T.L. (eds) The Neuropsychology of Epilepsy. Critical Issues in Neuropsychology. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-2350-9_13

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