Abstract
Studies of the structural gradient within the silane coupling agent interphase are reviewed. Origins of the structural variation in the silane layers are discussed in terms of the silane treating solution and variations in the substrates. The solution pH, concentration, solvent, hydrolysis time and aging time are some of the important parameters identified. Consideration is given to the following categories: the first monolayer on the substrate, the tightly chemisorbed layers near the substrate, the loosely chemisorbed layers in the middle and finally the physisorbed silanes in the outermost layers. The role of these regions in terms of the reinforcement mechanism of composites and the rheology of polymer melts is discussed. Complex formation of silanes with metallic substrates is briefly mentioned.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
E. P. Plueddemann, “Silane Coupling Agents,” Plenum, New York (1982).
E. P. Plueddemann, ed., “Interfaces in Polymer Matrix Composites,” Academic Press, New York (1974).
H. Ishida and J. L. Koenig, Polym. Eng. Sci., 18, 128 (1978).
H. Ishida, Polymer Composite, 18, 128 (1978).
M. E. Schrader, I. Lerner, and F. J. DTOria, Mod. Plast., 45, 195 (1967).
O. K. Johanson, F. O. Stark, and R. Baney, AFML-TRI-65–303, Part 1 (1965).
H. Ishida and J. L. Koenig, J. Polym. Sci.-Phys., 18, 1931 (1980).
T. Nakatsuka, H. Kawasaki, K. Itadani, and S. Yamashita, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 24, 1985 (1979).
H. Ishida and J. D. Miller, Macromolecules, 24, 1985 (1979).
J. D. Miller, K. Ho and H. Ishida, Polym. Eng. Sci., 24, 1985 (1979).
H. Ishida and J. D. Miller, J. Polym. Sci.-Phys., submitted.
N. H. Sung, A. Kaul, I. Chin, and C. S. P. Sung, Polym. Eng. Sci., 22, 637 (1982).
H. Ishida and J. L. Koenig, J. Polym. Sci.-Phys., 17, 1807 (1979).
D. J. Belton and A. Joshi, Polymer Preprints, 24, 206 (1983).
S. R. Culler, H. Ishida and J. L. Koenig, Proc. 15th Nat. Tech. Conf., SAMPE, Oct. (1983).
K. A. Andrianov and B. A. Izmaylov, J. Organomet. Chem., 8, 435 (1967).
M. Kokubo, H. Inagawa, M. Kawahara, D. Terunuma, and H. Nohira, Kobunshi Ronbunshu,. 38, 201 (1981).
R. T. Graf, J. L. Koenig and H. Ishida, J. Adhesion, 38, 201 (1981).
R. Wong, J. Adhesion, 171 (1972).
Y. Eckstein and E. J. Berger, Proc. Org. Coat. Appl. Polym. Sci., 48, 23 (1983).
C. D. Han, C. Sanford, and H. J. Yoo, Polym. Eng. Sci., 18, 849 (1978).
H. Ishida, S. Naviroj, S. K. Tripathy, J. J. Fitzgerald and J. L. Koenig, J. Polym. Sci.-Phy., 213, 701 (1982).
L. H. Little, “Infrared Spectra of Adsorbed Species,” Aca demic Press, London (1966).
M. L. Hair, “Infrared Spectroscopy in Surface Chemistry,” Dekker, New York, (1967).
A. V. Kiselev and V. II Lygin, “Infrared Spectra of Surface Compounds,” Keter Publishing House, Jerusalem (1975).
H. Ishida, S. Naviroj and J. L. Koenig, in “Physicochemical Aspects of Polymer Surfaces,” K. L. Mittal, ed., Plenum, New York 91 (1983).
H. Ishida and J. D. Miller, Proc. 38th Ann. Tech. Conf., Reinforced Plastics/Composites Inst., SPI, Section 4-E (1983).
B. Arkles, Chemtech, 7, 766 (1977).
B. D. Favis, L. P. Blanchard, J. Leonard, and R. E. Prud’homme, Polym. Eng. Sci., 7, 766 (1977).
B. D. Favis, L. P. Blanchard, J. Leonard and R. E. Prud’homme, Polym. Eng. Sci., 7, 766 (1977).
J. D. Miller, and H. Ishida, J. Phys. Chem., submitted.
D. J. Belton, P. van Pelt, A. E. Morgan, Silicon Processing, ASTM STP 804, D. C. Gupta, ed., American Society for Testing and Materials, 273 (1983).
H. Ishida, J. L. Koenig and K. H. Gardner, J. Chem. Phys., 77, 5748 (1982).
F. J. Boerio and S. Y. Chen, J. Colloid Interface Sci., 68, 252 (1979).
F. J. Boerio and J. W. Williams, Surf. Sci., 7, 19 (1981).
F. J. Boerio, C. A. Gosselin, R. G. Dillingham and H. W. Lin, J. Adhesion, 13, 159 (1981).
F. J. Boerio, J. W. Williams and J. M. Burkstrand, J. Colloid Interface Sci., 91, 485 (1983).
K. W. Allen and M. G. Stevens, J. Adhesion, 14, 137 (1982).
A. K. Hays and D. M. Haaland, Proc. Org. Coat. Appl. Polym. Sci., ACS, 47, 383 (1982).
M. E. Schrader, and A. Block, J. Polym. Sci. Part C, 34, 281 (1971).
H. Emadipour, P. Chiang and J, L. Koenig, Res. Mechanical,. 5, 165 (1982), and H. Eamdipour, Masters Thesis, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio (1982).
D. J. Belton and A. Joshi, this monograph.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1985 Springer Science+Business Media New York
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Ishida, H. (1985). Structural Gradient in the Silane Coupling Agent Layers and its Influence on the Mechanical and Physical Properties of Composites. In: Ishida, H., Kumar, G. (eds) Molecular Characterization of Composite Interfaces. Polymer Science and Technology, vol 27. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-2251-9_3
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-2251-9_3
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-1-4899-2253-3
Online ISBN: 978-1-4899-2251-9
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive