Abstract
Basalt fiber, a new mineral fiber reinforcement comparable in strength and modulus to E-glass fibers, has been produced from naturally occurring basalt rock. The interfacial bond strength in basalt fiber-polymer systems has been investigated using a single fiber pull-out test method.
Basalt fibers, about 90 μm in diameter, were specially drawn for fiber pull-out tests and were treated with a number of ionic and nonionic silane coupling agents under a variety of experimental conditions, changing solution pH and concentration, aging time, and fiber treatment time. The values of pull-out stresses were measured for treated and untreated fibers embedded both in epoxy and polyester matrix resins. The surfaces of treated and untreated fibers and those of pulled-out specimens were examined by scanning electron microscopy. Details of debonding and modes of failure were revealed in scanning electron micrographs.
The measured pull-out stresses are higher than those reported for E-glass fibers. The effect of iron and other metal oxides present in basalt fibers is manifested in the effect of pH of silane treatment on pull-out stress. The existence of different isoelectric points (IEPS) for different sites on the basalt fiber surface is indicated. The controlling effects of silane hydrolysis, condensation, orientation on the fiber surface, and chemical bonding to the fiber and polymer are revealed in the trends of interfacial bond strengths with experimental variables. The contribution of radial compressive stresses caused by thermal mismatch, and resin shrinkage during curing to the measured pull-out stress is also evident.
The results of pull-out stresses show that silane coupling agents are effective in improving interfacial bond strength in basalt fiber systems and that basalt fiber has excellent potential as a reinforcing fiber for polymer composites.
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Subramanian, R.V., Shu, KH.H. (1985). Silane Coupling Agents for Basalt Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composites. In: Ishida, H., Kumar, G. (eds) Molecular Characterization of Composite Interfaces. Polymer Science and Technology, vol 27. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-2251-9_13
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