Skip to main content

Effects of Insecticides on Nervous Conduction and Synaptic Transmission

  • Chapter
Insecticide Biochemistry and Physiology

Abstract

The intoxication of an organism with insecticide involves a variety of steps and reactions (Narahashi, 1971a). The uptake of insecticide is the first step to occur, and a number of factors such as lipid solubility and vapor pressure of insecticide are related to this process (Chapter 1). The insecticide that has entered the body is then transported to various organs and may undergo a variety of biotransformations in which it is either converted into a more potent compound or degraded to one which is relatively nontoxic (Chapters 2, 4, and 5). The active form of the insecticide eventually reaches its target site and exerts effects characteristic of the insecticide and the tissue concerned.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 169.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 249.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Akkermans, L. M. A., van den Bercken, J., van der Zalm, J. M., and van Straaten, H. W. M., 1974, Effects of dieldrin (HEOD) and some of its metabolites on synaptic transmission in the frog motor end-plate, Pestic. Biochem. Physiol. 4:313. Becht, G., 1958, Influence of DDT and lindane on chordotonal organs in the cockroach, Nature (London) 181:777.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brooks, G. T., and Harrison, A., 1969, Hydration of HEOD (dieldrin) and the heptachlor epoxides by microsomes from the liver of pigs and rabbits, Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 4:352.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Brooks, G. T., Harrison, A., and Lewis, S. E., 1970, Cyclodiene epoxide ring hydration by microsomes from mammalian liver and houseflies, Biochem. Pharmacol. 19:255.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Burt, P. E., and Goodchild, R. E., 1971a, The site of action of pyrethrin I in the nervous system of the cockroach Periplaneta americana L., Entomol. Exp. Appl. 14:179.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Burt, P. E., and Goodchild, R. E., 1971b, The spread of topically-applied pyrethrin I from the cuticle to the central nervous system of the cockroach Periplaneta americana, Entomol. Exp. Appl. 14:255.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Camougis, G., and Davis, W. M., 1971, A comparative study of the neuropharmacological basis of action of pyrethrin, Pyrethrum Post 11:7.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chiba, S., Saji, Y., Takeo, Y., Yui, T., and Aramaki, Y., 1967, Nereistoxin and its derivatives, their neuromuscular blocking and convulsive actions, J.J. Pharmacol. 17:491.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Deguchi, T., and Narahashi, T., 1971, Effects of procaine on ionic conductances of end-plate membranes, J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 176:423.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Deguchi, T., Narahashi, T., and Haas, H. G., 1971, Mode of action of nereistoxin on the neuromuscular transmission in the frog, Pestic. Biochem. Physiol. 1:196.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dresden, D., 1949, Physiological Investigations into the Action of DDT, Drukkerij en Uitgeverij, G. W. Van der Wiel and Co., Arnhem, Netherlands.

    Google Scholar 

  • Eaton, J. L., and Sternburg, J., 1964, Temperature and the action of DDT on the nervous system of Periplaneta americana (L), J. Insect Physiol. 10:471.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Frazier, D. T., Narahashi, T., and Yamada, M., 1970, The site of action and active form of local anesthetics. II. Experiments with quaternary compounds, J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 171:45.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Frazier, D. T., Sevcik, C., and Narahashi, T., 1973, Nicotine: Effect on nerve membrane conductances, Eur. J. Pharmacol. 22:217.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gage, P. W., and Armstrong, C. M., 1968, Miniature end-plate currents in voltage-clamped muscle fibres, Nature (London) 218:363.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gordon, H. T., and Welsh, J. H., 1948, The role of ions in axon surface reactions to toxic organic compounds, J. Cell. Comp. Physiol. 31:395.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hille, B., 1968, Pharmacological modifications of the sodium channels of frog nerve, J. Gen. Physiol. 51:199.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hodgkin, A. L., and Huxley, A. F., 1952, A quantitative description of membrane current and its application to conduction and excitation in nerve, J. Physiol. (London) 117:500.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kordas, M., 1970, The effect of procaine on neuromuscular transmission, J. Physiol. (London) 209:689.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Korte, F., 1967, Metabolism of 14C-labelled insecticides in microorganisms, insects, and mammals, Botyu-Kagaku 32:46.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Korte, F., and Arent, H., 1965, Metabolism of insecticides 1X(1). Isolation and identification of dieldrin metabolites from urine of rabbits after oral administration of dieldrin-14C, Life Sci. 4:2017.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Korte, F., and Kochen, W., 1966, Insektizide in Stoffwechsel. XII. Isolierung und Identifizierung von Metaboliten des Aldrom-14C aus dem Urin von Kaninchen, Med. Pharmacol. Exp. 15:409.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lalonde, D. I. V., and Brown, A. W. A., 1954, The effect of insecticides on the action potentials of insect nerve, Can. J. Zool. 32:74.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Langley, J. N., 1901, On the stimulation and paralysis of nerve-cells and of nerve ending. Part I, J. Physiol. (London) 27:224.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Langley, J. N., and Dickinson, W. L., 1889, On the local paralysis of peripheral ganglia, and on the connexion of different classes of nerve fibres with them, Proc. Roy. Soc. 46:423.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lowenstein, O., 1942, A method of physiological assay of pyrethrum extract, Nature (London) 150:760.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Maeno, T., 1966, Analysis of sodium and potassium conductances in the procaine end-plate potential, J. Physiol. (London) 183:592.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Maeno, T., Edwards, C., and Hashimura, S., 1971, Difference in effects on end-plate potentials between procaine and lidocaine as revealed by voltage-clamp experiments, J. Neurophysiol. 34:32.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Matthews, H. B., and Matsumura, F., 1969, Metabolic fate of dieldrin in the rat, J. Agr. Food Chem. 17:845.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Murayama, K., Abbott, N. J., Narahashi, T., and Shapiro, B. I., 1972, Effects of allethrin and Condylactis toxin on the kinetics of sodium conductance of crayfish axon membranes, Comp. Gen. Pharmacol. 3:391.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nagawa, Y., Saji, Y., Chiba, S., and Yui, T., 1971, Neuromuscular blocking actions of nereistoxin and its derivatives and antagonism by sulfhydryl compounds, Jpn. J. Pharmacol. 21:185.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Narahashi, T., 1962a, Effect of the insecticide allethrin on membrane potentials of cockroach giant axons, J. Cell. Comp. Physiol. 59:61.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Narahashi, T., 1962b, Nature of the negative after-potential increased by the insecticide allethrin in cockroach giant axons, J. Cell. Comp. Physiol. 59:67.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Narahashi, T., 1964, Insecticide resistance and nerve sensitivity, Jpn. J. Med. Sci. Biol. 17:46.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Narahashi, T., 1966, Mode of action of insecticides, Kagaku To Seibutsu (Chemistry and Biology) 4:134.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Narahashi, T., 1969, Mode of action of DDT and allethrin on nerve: Cellular and molecular mechanisms, Residue Rev. 25:275.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Narahashi, T., 1971a, Effects of insecticides on excitable tissues, in: Advances in Insect Physiology, Vol. 8 (J. W. L. Beament, J. E. Treherne, and V. B. Wigglesworth, eds.), pp. 1–93, Academic Press, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Narahashi, T., 1971b, Mode of action of pyrethroids, Bull. WHO 44:337.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Narahashi, T., 1972, Mechanism of action of tetrodotoxin and saxitoxin on excitable membranes, Fed. Proc. 31:1124.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Narahashi, T., 1973, Mode of action of nereistoxin on excitable tissues, in: Marine Pharmacognosy: Action of Marine Biotoxins at the Cellular Level (D. F. Martin and G. M. Padilla, eds.), pp. 107–126, Academic Press, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Narahashi, T., 1974, Nerve membrane as a target of pyrethroids, in: 3rd Int. Congr. Pestic. Chem., Helsinki, Abst. No. 349.

    Google Scholar 

  • Narahashi, T., and Anderson, N. C., 1967, Mechanism of excitation block by the insecticide allethrin applied externally and internally to squid giant axons, Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 10:529.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Narahashi, T., and Frazier, D. T., 1971, Site of action and active form of local anesthetics, in: Neurosciences Research, Vol. 4 (S. Ehrenpreis and O. C. Salnitzky, eds.), pp. 65–99, Academic Press, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Narahashi, T., and Haas, H. G., 1967, DDT: Interaction with nerve membrane conductance changes, Science (N.Y.) 157:1438.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Narahashi, T., and Haas, H. G., 1968, Interaction of DDT with the components of lobster nerve membrane conductance, J. Gen. Physiol. 51:177.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Narahashi, T., and Yamasaki, T., 1960a, Mechanism of the after-potential production in the giant axons of the cockroach, J. Physiol. (London) 151:75.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Narahashi, T., and Yamasaki, T., 1960b, Mechanism of increase in negative after-potential by dicophane (DDT) in the giant axons of the cockroach, J. Physiol. (London) 152:122.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Narahashi, T., and Yamasaki, T., 1960c, Behaviors of membrane potential in the cockroach giant axons poisoned by DDT, J. Cell. Comp. Physiol. 55:131.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Narahashi, T., Moore, J. W., and Scott, W. R., 1964, Tetrodotoxin blockage of sodium conductance increase in lobster giant axons, J. Gen. Physiol. 47:965.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Narahashi, T., Frazier, D. T., and Yamada, M., 1970, The site of action and active form of local anesthetics. I. Theory and pH experiments with tertiary compounds, J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 171:32.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nitta, S., 1941, Pharmakalogische Untersuchung des Nereistoxins, das vom Verf. im Körper des Lumbriconereis heteropoda (Isome) isoliert wurde, Tokyo Igaku Zasshi 55:285.

    Google Scholar 

  • Okaichi, T., and Hashimoto, Y., 1962, The structure of nereistoxin, Agr. Biol Chem. 26:224.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Roeder, K. D., and Weiant, E. A., 1946, The site of action of DDT in the cockroach, Science (N. Y.) 103:304.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Roeder, K. D., and Weiant, E. A., 1948, The effect of DDT on sensory and motor structures in the cockroach leg, J. Cell. Comp. Physiol. 32:175.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Roeder, K. D., and Weiant, E. A., 1951, The effect of concentration, temperature and washing on the time of appearance of DDT-induced trains in sensory fibers of the cockroach, Ann. Entomol. Soc. Am. 44:372.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sakai, M., 1966, Studies on the insecticidal action of nereistoxin, 4-N, N-dimethylamino-l,2-dithiolane. III. Antagonism to acetylcholine in the contraction of rectus abdominis muscle of frog, Botyu-Kagaku 31:61.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sakai, M., 1967, Studies on the insecticidal action of nereistoxin, 4-N, N-dimethylamino-l,2-dithiolane. V. Blocking action on the cockroach ganglion, Botyu-Kagaku 32:21.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sakai, M., 1969, Nereistoxin and cartap: Their mode of action as insecticides, Rev. Plant Protection Res. 2:17.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sakai, M., and Sato, Y., 1971, Metabolic conversion of the nereistoxin related compounds into nereistoxin as a factor of their insecticidal action, in: Abstr. 2nd Int. Congr. Pestic. Chem., Tel Aviv, February.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schallek, W., and Wiersma, C. A. G., 1948, The Influence of various drugs on a crustacean synapse, J. Cell. Comp. Physiol. 31:35.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Shanes, A. M., 1949a, Electrical phenomena in nerve. I. Squid giant axons, J. Gen. Physiol. 33:57.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Shanes, A. M., 1949b, Electrical phenomena in nerve. II. Crab nerve, J. Gen. Physiol. 33:75.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Shanes, A. M., 1951, Electrical phenomena in nerve. III. Frog sciatic nerve, J. Cell. Comp. Physiol. 38:17.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Shankland, D. L., and Schroeder, M. E., 1973, Pharmacological evidence for a discrete neurotoxic action of dieldrin (HEOD) in the American cockroach, Periplaneta americana (L.), Pestic. Biochem. Physiol. 3:77.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Thesleff, S., 1955, The mode of neuromuscular block by acetylcholine, nicotine, decamethonium and succinylcholine, Acta Physiol. Scand. 34:218.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • van den Bercken, J., 1968, The action of DDT and dieldrin on nerves and muscles of Xenopus laevis, Meded. Rijksfak, Landbouw-Wetenschappen Gent. 33:1241.

    Google Scholar 

  • van den Bercken, J., and Narahashi, T., 1974, Effects of aldrin-transdiol, a metabolite of the insecticide dieldrin, on nerve membrane, Eur. J. Pharmacol. 27:255.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Wang, C. M., and Narahashi, T., 1972, Mechanism of dual action of nicotine on end-plate membranes, J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 182:427.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wang, C. M., Narahashi, T., and Yamada, M., 1971, The neurotoxic action of dieldrin and its derivatives in the cockroach, Pestic. Biochem. Physiol. 1:84.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wang, C. M., Narahashi, T., and Scuka, M., 1972, Mechanism of negative temperature coefficient of nerve blocking action of allethrin, J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 182:442.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Welsh, J. H., and Gordon, H. T., 1947, The mode of action of certain insecticides on the arthropod nerve axon, J. Cell. Comp. Physiol. 30:147.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Yamasaki, T., and Ishii, T. (Narahashi, T.), 1952a, Studies on the mechanism of action of insecticides (IV). The effects of insecticides on the nerve conduction of insect, Oyo-Kontyu 7:157.

    Google Scholar 

  • Yamasaki, T., and Ishii, T. (Narahashi, T.), 1952b, Studies on the mechanism of action of insecticides (V). The effects of DDT on the synaptic transmission in the cockroach, Oyo-Kontyu 8:111.

    Google Scholar 

  • Yamasaki, T., and Ishii, T. (Narahashi, T.,), 1954a, Studies on the mechanism of action of insecticides (VII). Activity of neuron soma as a factor of development of DDT symptoms in the cockroach, Botyu-Kagaku 19:1. English translation (1957), in: Japanese Contributions to the Study of the Insecticide-Resistance Problem, pp. 140-154, published by Kyoto University for WHO.

    Google Scholar 

  • Yamasaki, T., and Ishii, T. (Narahashi, T.), 1954b, Studies on the mechanism of action of insecticides (VIII). Effects of temperature on the nerve susceptibility to DDT in the cockroach Botyu-Kagaku 19:39. English translation (1957), in: Japanese Contributions to the Study of the Insecticide-Resistance Problem, pp. 155-162, published by Kyoto University for WHO.

    Google Scholar 

  • Yamasaki, T., and Ishii, T. Narahashi, T., 1954c, Studies on the mechanism of action of insecticides (IX). Repetitive excitation of the insect neuron soma by direct current stimulation and effects of DDT, Jpn. J. Appl. Zool. 19:16.

    Google Scholar 

  • English translation (1957), in: Japanese Contributions to the Study of the Insecticide-Resistance Problem, pp. 163-175, published by Kyoto University for WHO.

    Google Scholar 

  • Yamasaki, T., and Narahashi, T., 1957, Intracellular microelectrode recordings of resting and action potentials from the insect axon and the effects of DDT on the action potential: Studies on the mechanism of action of insecticides (XIV), Botyu-Kagaku 22:305.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Yamasaki, T., and Narahashi, T., 1958a, Nervous activity as a factor of development of dieldrin symptoms in the cockroach: Studies on the mechanism of action of insecticides (XVI), Botyu-Kagaku 23:47.

    Google Scholar 

  • Yamasaki, T., and Narahashi, T., 1958b, Resistance to houseflies to insecticides and the susceptibility nerve to insecticides: Studies on the mechanism of action of insecticides (XVII), Botyu-Kagaku 23:146.

    Google Scholar 

  • Yamasaki, T., and Narahashi, T., 1962, Nerve sensitivity and resistance to DDT in houseflies, Jpn. J. Appl Entomol. Zool. 6:293.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1976 Springer Science+Business Media New York

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Narahashi, T. (1976). Effects of Insecticides on Nervous Conduction and Synaptic Transmission. In: Wilkinson, C.F. (eds) Insecticide Biochemistry and Physiology. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-2212-0_9

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-2212-0_9

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4899-2214-4

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4899-2212-0

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics