Abstract
In this lecture, we shall:
-
give the principle of operation, specify the characteristics and present the most serious limitations to the performances of the most common encountered atomic frequency standards (AFS),
-
describe a few systems which are under study and which appear to be promising,
-
mention some new ideas for fundamental improvement of the performances of AFS: one possible scheme for a future high performance microwave (or optical) AFS is based on stored ions. This proposal incorporate the laser cooling and laser optical pumping technique.
Keywords
These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
Bibliography
Basic review articles
C. Audoin and J. Vanier. “Review article. Atomic Frequency Standards and Clocks”. Journal of Phys. E — Scientific Instruments Vol. 9, pp. 697–720 (1976)
D.J. Wineland. “Limitation on Long Term Stability and Accuracy in Atomic Clocks”. Proceedings of the PTTI, Washington D.C. (Dec. 1980)
References
Dicke R.H., Phys. Rev. 89, 472–3 (1953).
Ramsey N.F. “Molecular Beams”, Oxford, Clarendon (1956).
Lee P.H., Skolnick M.L., Appl. Phys. Lett. 10, 303 (1967).
Allan D.W., Proc. IEEE 54, 221–230 (1966).
Vessot R.F.C. Proceedings of AFC (1977).
Kleppner D. et al, Phys. Rev. 126, 2 (1962).
Cerez P., Hartmann F., IEEE J. of Q.E. QE-13, 5 (1977).
Vanier J. Third Symposium on Frequency Standards and Metrology, Aussois, France — October 1981. To be published in the Journal de Physique — special issue.
Beehler R.E., Glaze D.J., IEEE Trans. on Instr. and Meas. IM-15, 55–58 (1966).
Mungall A.G. et al, Metrologia 9, 113–127 (1973).
Freed C. et al, IEEE Trans. on Instr. and Meas. IM-25, 431–437 (1976).
Barger R.L., Hall J.L., Phys. Rev. Lett. 22, 4–8 (1969).
Hanes G.R. et al, Appl. Phys. Lett. 14, 362–364 (1969).
Cérez P., S.J. Bennett, Applied Optics, 18, 1079–1083 (1979).
Camy G. et al, Metrologia 13, 145–148 (1977).
Spieweck F., IEEE Trans. on Instr. and Meas. IM-27, 398–400 (1978).
Cérez et al, IEEE Trans. on Instr. and Meas. IM-29, 4 (1980).
Evenson K.M. et al, Phys. Rev. Lett. 29, 1346–1349 (1972).
Hänsch T.W., Schawlow A.L., Opt. Com. 13, 68 (1975).
Wineland D.J., Dehmelt H.G., Bull. Am. Phys. Soc. 20, 637 (1975).
Crampton S.B. et al, Phys. Rev. Lett. 42, 1039 (1979).
Wineland D.J. et al, Phys. Rev. Lett. 40, 1639 (1978).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1983 Springer Science+Business Media New York
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Cerez, P. (1983). Time and Frequency Standards. In: Cutler, P.H., Lucas, A.A. (eds) Quantum Metrology and Fundamental Physical Constants. NATO Advanced Science Institutes Series, vol 98. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-2145-1_5
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-2145-1_5
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-1-4899-2147-5
Online ISBN: 978-1-4899-2145-1
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive