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Design and Synthesis of Polyheterotetraheterafulvalenes, Metal 1,2-Diheterolenes, and Their Low-Dimensional Conducting and Superconducting Salts

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Lower-Dimensional Systems and Molecular Electronics

Part of the book series: NATO ASI Series ((NSSB,volume 248))

Abstract

Most of the known organic and metalloorganic crystalline conductors (and superconductors) have been based on the tetrathiafulvalene derivatives, transition-metal 1,2-dithiolenes and selenium- or tellurium- analogs [1]–[5]. The synthesis and physicochemical properties of these compounds reported by 1988 are summarized in a number of excellent review articles [6]–[12]. Recent work, concerning synthesis and physicochemical properties of these and similar compounds, is described in refs [13]–[56] and in references cited therein. Generally, 2-thioxo-l,3-dithioles and selenium or tellurium analogs have been used as starting materials for preparation of both tetraheterafulvalenes and metal 1,2-diheterolenes. For a systematic investigation, we have divided the simplest 2-thioxo-l,3-dithioles in classes, based on the number and the nature of the additional heteroatoms to the thioxo-dithiole group (see [41]). Table 1 shows examples of the simplest 2-thioxo-l,3-dithioles divided in classes: Class O contains compounds without additional heteroatoms; Class 1 contains compounds with a sulfur heteroatom in an additional ring or chain; Class 2 contains compounds with a nitrogen heteroatom in an additional ring or chain; and so on. One can design similar classification tables for the selenium, tellurium, oxygen and nitrogen analogs, as well as for their self- or cross-coupling products (poly-heterotetraheterafulvalenes) and for the corresponding metal 1,2-heterolenes and similar compounds [57] –[60]. The addition of groups and heteroatoms to the tetra-heterofulvalene core or to the metal 1,2-diheterolene core play an important role in the chemical and physicochemical properties of these compounds (see for example [6]). Also, they play an important role in the crystal structure and physical properties of the corresponding charge transfer complexes (CTC), cation radical salts (CRS) and cation deficient metal 1,2-diheterolenes (CDMD) (see for example [4]).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Theoretical and Physical Chemistry Institute, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 48, Vassileos Constantinou Ave., Athens, 116/35, Greece

    G. C. Papavassiliou

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  1. G. C. Papavassiliou
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  1. The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama, USA

    Robert M. Metzger

  2. Institut Laue-Langevin, Grenoble, France

    Peter Day

  3. National Hellenic Research Foundation, Athens, Greece

    George C. Papavassiliou

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Papavassiliou, G.C. (1990). Design and Synthesis of Polyheterotetraheterafulvalenes, Metal 1,2-Diheterolenes, and Their Low-Dimensional Conducting and Superconducting Salts. In: Metzger, R.M., Day, P., Papavassiliou, G.C. (eds) Lower-Dimensional Systems and Molecular Electronics. NATO ASI Series, vol 248. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-2088-1_10

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-2088-1_10

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