Abstract
It is now generally acknowledged that pre- and/or postnatal environmental factors, such as stress and drugs, can exert long-lasting neurobehavioral effects in the individual. These factors may influence the development of central regulatory systems by acting directly on the fetal brain or indirectly through changes in the internal environment of the mother and fetus. The Fetal Alcohol Syndrome which has been recognized as a clinical entity for the past 15 years (1) is a case in point. Adverse effects of maternal alcohol consumption during pregnancy on growth and development of the offspring have been well documented in humans and laboratory animals (2). Mental retardation and behavioral deficits, such as hyperactivity, jitteriness, irritability and marked attentional and learning problems, are consistently observed in children who were exposed to alcohol in utero (3).
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
K. L. Jones, D. W. Smith, C. N. Ulleland and A. P. Streissguth, Lancet 1:267–1271 (1973).
J. R. West, “Alcohol and Brain Development,” Oxford Univ. Press, London and New York, 440 pp (1986).
A. P. Streissguth, The behavioral teratology of alcohol: Performance, behavioral, and intellectual deficits in prenatally exposed children, in “Alcohol and Brain Development,” J, R. West, ed., Oxford Univ. Press, London and New York, pp. 3–44 (1986).
M. E. Weichsel, Jr., The therapeutic use of glucocorticoid hormones in the perinatal period: Potential neurological hazards, Ann. Neurol. 2:364–366 (1977).
A. N. Taylor, B. J. Branch and N. Kokka, Neuroendocrine effects of fetal alcohol exposure, Prog. biochem. Pharmacol. 18:99–110 (1981).
A. N. Taylor, B. J. Branch, J. E. Van Zuylen and E. Redei, Prenatal ethanol exposure alters ACTH stress response in adult rats, Alcoholism 10: 120 (1986).
J. Weinberg, L. R. Nelson and A. N. Taylor, Hormonal effects of fetal alcohol exposure, in “Alcohol and Brain Development,” J. R. West, ed., Oxford Univ. Press, London and New York, pp. 310–342 (1986).
A. N. Taylor, B. J. Branch, S. H. Liu, A. F. Weichmann, M. A. Hill and N. Kokka, Fetal exposure to alcohol enhances pituitary-adrenal and temperature responses to ethanol in adult rats, Alcoholism 5:237–246 (1981).
A. N. Taylor, B. J. Branch, B. Cooley-Matthews and R. E. Poland, Effects of maternal ethanol consumption on basal and rhythmic pituitary-adrenal function in neonatal offspring, Psychoneuroendocrinology 7:49–58 (1982).
R. Kakihana, J. C. Butte and J. A. Moore, Endocrine effects of maternal alcoholization: Plasma and brain testosterone, dihydrotestosterone, estradiol and corticosterone, Alcoholism 4:57–60 (1980).
A. N. Taylor, B. J. Branch, S. H. Liu and N. Kokka, Long-term effects of fetal ethanol exposure on pituitary-adrenal response to stress, Pharmac Biochem. Behav. 16:585–589 (1982).
F. W. Ellis, Effect of ethanol on plasma corticosterone levels, J. Pharmac. exp. Ther. 153:121–127 (1966).
L. A. Pohorecky and L. S. Jaffe, Noradrenergic involvement in the acute effects of ethanol, Res. Commun. chem. Pathol. Pharmac. 12:433–447 (1975).
J. H. Mendelson, M. Ogata and N. K. Mello, Adrenal function and alcoholism. 1. Serum cortisol, Psvchosom. Med. 33:145–157 (1971).
L. R. Nelson, A. N. Taylor, J. W. Lewis, R. E. Poland, E. Redei and B. J. Branch, Pituitary-adrenal responses to morphine and footshock stress are enhanced following prenatal alcohol exposure, Alcoholism 10:397–402 (1986).
L. R. Nelson, A. N. Taylor, J. W. Lewis, B. J. Branch and J. C. Liebeskind, Opioid but not nonopioid stress-induced analgesia is enhanced following prenatal exposure to ethanol, Psychopharmacology 85:92–96 (1985).
L. R. Nelson, A. N. Taylor, J. W. Lewis, B. J. Branch and J. C. Liebeskind, Morphine analgesia is potentiated in adult rats prenatally exposed to ethanol, Brain Res. 372:234–240 (1986).
L. R. Nelson, J. W. Lewis, J. C. Liebeskind, B. J. Branch and A. N. Taylor, Stress induced changes in ethanol consumption in adult rats exposed to ethanol in utero, Proc. West. Pharmacol. Soc. 26:205–209 (1983).
L. R. Nelson, A. N. Taylor, J. W. Lewis, B. J. Branch and J. C. Liebeskind, Prenatal exposure to ethanol alters responding in a “behavioral despair” paradigm, Proc. West. Pharmacol. Soc. 27:583–586 (1984).
A. N. Taylor, B. J. Branch, N. Kokka and R. E. Poland, Neonatal and long-term neuroendocrine effects of fetal alcohol exposure, Monogr. Neural Sci. 9:140–152 (1983).
A. N. Taylor, B. J. Branch, M. A. Hill, D. Randolph and N. Kokka, Fetal exposure to ethanol enhances hypothermic responses to diazepam and pentobarbital in adult rats, Alcoholism (in press).
L. R. Nelson, J. W. Lewis, N. Kokka, B. J. Branch and A. N. Taylor, Prenatal exposure to ethanol potentiates morphine-induced hypothermia in adult rats, Neurobehav. Toxicol. Teratol. 8:469–474 (1984).
A. Arimura, T. Saito and A. V. Schally, Assays for corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) using rats treated with morphine, chlorpromazine, dexamethasone and nembutal, Endocrinology 81:235–245 (1967).
L. R. Nelson, A. N. Taylor, E. Redei, B. J. Branch and J. C. Liebeskind, Corticosterone response to dexamethasone in fetal ethanol-exposed rats, Proc. West. Pharmacol. Soc. 28:299–302 (1985).
M. E. Keller-Wood and M. F. Dallman, Corticosteroid inhibition of ACTH secretion, Endocrine Rev. 5:1–24 (1984).
J. Weinberg and P. V. Gallo, Prenatal ethanol exposure: Pituitary-adrenal activity in pregnant dams and offspring, Neurobehav. Toxicol. Teratol. 4:515–520 (1982).
E. P. Riley, S. Barron and J. H. Hanningan, Response inhibition deficits following prenatal alcohol exposure: A comparison to the effects of hippocampal lesions in rats, in “Alcohol and Brain Development,” J. R. West, ed., Oxford Univ. Press, London and New York, pp. 71–104 (1986).
A. N. Taylor, L. R. Nelson, B. J. Branch, N. Kokka and R. E. Poland, Altered stress responsiveness in adult rats exposed to ethanol in utero: Neuroendocrine mechanisms, in “Mechanisms of Alcohol Damage in Utero,” Ciba Found. Symp. 105:47–59 (1984).
L. R. Nelson and A. N. Taylor, Long-term behavioral and neuroendocrine effects of prenatal ethanol exposure, in “Genetic and Perinatal Effects of Abused Substances,” M. C. Braude and A. M. Zimmerman, eds., Academic Press, Inc., Orlando, FL, pp. 177–203 (1987).
R. M. Sapolsky, L. C. Krey and B. S. McEwen, Glucocorticoid-sensitive hippocampal neurons are involved in terminating the adrenocortical stress response, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 81:6174–6177 (1984).
D. E. Barnes and D. W. Walker, Prenatal ethanol exposure permanently reduces the number of pyramidal neurons in rat hippocampus, Dev. Brain Res. 1:333–340 (1981).
J. R. West, S. L. Dewey, D. R. Pierce and A. C. Black, Jr., Prenatal and early postnatal exposure to ethanol permanently alters the rat hippocampus, in “Mechanisms of Alcohol Damage in Utero,” Ciba Found. Svmp. 105:8–20 (1984).
J. M. H. M. Reul and E. R. DeKloet, Two receptor systems for corticosterone in the rat brain: Microdistribution and differential occupation, Endocrinology 117:2505–2511 (1985).
K. Fuxe, A.-C. Wikstrom, S. Okret, L. F. Agnati, A. Harfstrand, Z.-Y. Yu, L. Granholm, M. Zoli, W. Vale and J.-A. Gustafsson, Mapping of glucocorticoid receptor immunoreactive neurons in the rat tel-and diencephalon using a monoclonal antibody against rat liver glucocorticoid receptor, Endocrinology 117:1803–1812 (1985).
C. Nyakas, G. Szabo and E. Endroczi, Corticosterone binding to hippocampal receptors following neonatal corticosterone treatment, in “Cellular and Molecular Bases of Neuroendocrine Processes,” E. Endroczi, ed., Akademiai Kiado, Budapest, pp. 565–573 (1976).
R. M. Sapolsky, A mechanism for glucocorticoid toxicity in the hippocampus: Increased neuronal vulnerability to metabolic insults, J. Neuroscience 5:1228–1232 (1985).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1988 Springer Science+Business Media New York
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Taylor, A.N., Branch, B.J., Van Zuylen, J.E., Redei, E. (1988). Maternal Alcohol Consumption and Stress Responsiveness in Offspring. In: Chrousos, G.P., Loriaux, D.L., Gold, P.W. (eds) Mechanisms of Physical and Emotional Stress. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 245. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-2064-5_25
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-2064-5_25
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-1-4899-2066-9
Online ISBN: 978-1-4899-2064-5
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive