Testing Testicular Function

Abstract

The two functions of the testes are testosterone production and spermatogenesis. Therefore, the indications for evaluating testicular function revolve around symptoms relating to these two functions, i.e., hypoandrogenism and infertility. The diagnostic tests outlined in this section not only include tests that directly assess the two functions but also extend to involve a description of tests that enter the workup of patients with hypoandrogenism. The tests are discussed in the following manner. First, the tests that assess Leydig cell function and spermatogenesis are discussed. Next, the tests to evaluate the integrity of the hypothalamic—pituitary—gonadal axis are outlined. Third, the tumescence studies, fourth, the chromosomal studies, and finally, the role of testicular biopsy are discussed.