Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

HIV/AIDS Prevention for Drug Users in Natural Settings

  • Chapter
Preventing AIDS

Part of the book series: AIDS Prevention and Mental Health ((APMH))

Abstract

The problem of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections in drug users is of global importance. The sharing of contaminated injection equipment is a major route for transmission of HIV in the United States (Allen, Onorato, & Green, 1992; National Commission on AIDS, 1991; Wodak & Moss, 1990), and is the principal means by which HIV infection has spread in Italy, Spain, Thailand, and Eastern India (Chin, 1991; Choopanya et al., 1991). In the United States, one quarter of the 44,823 acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) cases diagnosed among adults during 1991 occurred among heterosexual injection drug users. An additional 4% (1,798) were adults whose sole risk factor was having a sexual partner who injected drugs. Of the 683 pediatric AIDS cases diagnosed in 1991, over half (54%) were attributed to HIV transmission from mothers who used injected drugs themselves or engaged in sexual activity with injection drug users (Centers for Disease Control, 1992).

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
eBook
USD 16.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Allen, D. M., Onorato, I. M., Green, T. A. (1992). HIV infection in intravenous drug users entering drug treatment, United States, 1986–1989. The Field Services Branch of the Centers for Disease Control. American Journal of Public Health, 82, 541–546.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Anthony, J. G, Vlahov, D., Celentano, D. D., Menon, A. S., Margolick, J. B., Cohn, S., Nelson, K. E., & Polk, B. F. (1991). Self-report interview data for a study of HIV-1 infection among intravenous drug users: Descriptions of methods and preliminary evidence on validity. Journal of Drug Issues, 231, 739–757.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ball, J. G, & Ross, A., (1991). The effectiveness of methadone treatment. New York: Springer-Verlag.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Bixler, R. E., Palacios-Jiminez, L., & Springer, E. (1987). AIDS prevention for substance abuse treatment programs. Albany, NY: Narcotics and Drug Research, Inc. (251 New Karner Road).

    Google Scholar 

  • Broadhead, R. S. (1991). Social construction of bleach in combating AIDS among injection drug users. Journal of Drug Issues, 21, 713–737.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brown, B. S., Watters, J. K., Igelhart, I., Akins, C. (1982–1983). Methadone maintenance dosage levels and program retention. American Journal of Alcohol & Drug Abuse, 9, 129–139.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Buzolic, A. (1988, June). Needle and syringe availability and AIDS prevention: Modifications of existing legislation. Report to the Queensland, Australia, Ministerial Task Force on Drug Strategy.

    Google Scholar 

  • Carvell, A. M., & Hart, G. J. (1990). Help-seeking and referrals in a needle exchange: A comprehensive service to injecting drug users. British Journal of Addiction, 85, 235–240.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (1990). Update: Reducing HIV transmission in intravenous drug users not in treatment—United States. Mortality & Morbidity Weekly Report, 39, 529–538.

    Google Scholar 

  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (1992, January). HIV/AIDS Surveillance Report, 1-22.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chin, J. (1991, June). Epidemiology keynote speech. Seventh International Conference on AIDS, Florence, Italy.

    Google Scholar 

  • Choopanya, K., Vanichsensi, S., Plangsringarm, Sonchai, W., Carballo, M., Friedmann, P., Friedman, S. R., & Des Jarlais, D. C. (1991). Risk factors and HIV seropositivity among injecting drug users in Bangkok. AIDS, 5, 1509–1514.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cooper, J. R., Altaian, F., Brown, B. S., & Czechowicz, D. (Eds.). (1983). Research on the treatment of narcotic addiction: State of the art. Rockville, MD: National Institute on Drug Abuse.

    Google Scholar 

  • D’Aunno, T., & Vaughn, T. E. (1983). Variations in methadone treatment practices. Journal of the American Medical Association, 267, 253–258.

    Google Scholar 

  • Epstein, E. J. (1977). Agency of fear: Opiates and political power in America. New York: Putnam Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gibson, D. R., Wermuth, L., Lovelle-Drache, J., Ham, J., & Sorensen, J. L. (1989). Brief counseling to reduce AIDS risk in intravenous drug users and their sexual partners: Preliminary results. Counselling Psychology Quarterly, 2, 15–19.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Guydish, J., Bucardo, J., Young, M., Woods, W., Grinstead, O., & Clark, W. (1993). Evaluating needle exchange: Are there negative effects? AIDS, 7, 871–876.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hagan, H., Des Jarlais, D. G, Purchase, D., Reid, T., & Friedman, S. R. (1991a). The Tacoma syringe exchange. Journal of Addictive Diseases, 10, 81–88.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hagan, H., Des Jarlais, D. G, Purchase, D., Reid, T., & Friedman, S. R. (1991b, June). Lower HIV seroprevalence, declining HBV and safer injection in relation to the Tacoma syringe exchange. Poster presented at the 7th International Conference on AIDS, Florence (Abstract W.C. 3291).

    Google Scholar 

  • Hagan, H., Reid, T., Des Jarlais, D. G, Purchase, D., Friedman, S. R., & Bell, T. (1991). The incidence of HBV infection and syringe exchange programs. Journal of the American Medical Association (Letter), 266, 1646–1647.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hart, G. J., Carvell, A. L., Woodward, N., Johnson, A. M., Williams, P., & Parry, J. V. (1989). Evaluation of needles exchange in central London: Behaviour change and anti-HIV status over one year. AIDS, 3, 261–265.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hartgers, C., Buning, E. C., van Santen, G. W., Verster, A. D., & Coutinho, R. A. (1989). The impact of the needle and syringe-exchange programme in Amsterdam in injecting risk behavior. AIDS, 3, 571–576.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Higgins, D. L., Galavotti, C., O’Reilly, K. R., Schnell, D. J., Moore, M., Rugg, D. L., & Johnson, R. (1991). Evidence for the effects of HIV antibody counseling and testing on risk behaviors. Journal of the American Medical Association, 266, 2419–2429.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Huang, K. H. C., Watters, J. K., & Case, P. (1988). Psychological assessment and AIDS research with intravenous drug users: Challenges in measurement. Journal of Psychoactive Drugs, 20, 191–195.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kaplan, E. (1991). Evaluating needle-exchange programs via syringe tracking and testing (STT). AIDS & Public Policy Journal, 6, 109–115.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kaplan, E. H., & Heimer, R. (1992). HIV prevalence among intravenous drug users: Model-based estimates from New Haven’s legal needle exchange. Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes, 5, 163–169.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kozel, N. J., & Adams, E. H. (1986). Epidemiology of drug abuse: an overview. Science, 21, 970–974.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lampinen, T., Wiebel, W. W., & Watters, J. K. (1989). Intravenous drug users, HIV testing and counseling. Journal of the American Medical Association (Letter), 262, 1331.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ljungberg, B., Christensson, B., Tunving, K., Andersson, B., Landvall, B., Lundberg, M., & Zall-Friberg, A. (1991). HIV prevention among injecting drug users: Three years experience from a syringe exchange program in Sweden. Journal of the Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes, 4, 890–895.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Malow, R., Corrigan, S., Pena, J., Calkins, A. M., & Bannister, T. (1992). Effectiveness of a psychoeducational approach to HIV risk behavior reduction. Psychology of Addictive Behaviors, 6, 120–125.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Musto, D. F. (1973). The American disease: Origins of narcotics control, New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • National Commission on AIDS (1991, July). The twin epidemics of substance abuse and HIV. Washington, DC: National Commission on AIDS.

    Google Scholar 

  • O’Keefe, E., Kaplan, E., & Koshnood, K. (1991, July). Preliminary Report: City of New Haven needle exchange program. New Haven CT: New Haven Health Department.

    Google Scholar 

  • Purchase, D., Hagan, H., Des Jarlais, D. C., & Reid, T. (1989, June). Historical account of the Tacoma syringe exchange. Paper presented at 5th International Conference on AIDS, Montreal (Abstract Th. D.P.74).

    Google Scholar 

  • Pye, M., Kapila, M., Buckley, G., & Cunningham, D. (1989, June). A comparative study of local AIDS programs in the United Kingdom. Paper presented at 5th International Conference on AIDS, Montreal (Abstract M. E. P. 46).

    Google Scholar 

  • Shapshak, P., McCoy, C. B., Rivers, J. E., Chitwood, D. D., Mash, D. C., Weatherby, N. L., Inciardi, J. A., Shah, S. M., & Brown, B. S. (1993). Inactivation of human immunodeficiency virus-1 at short time intervals using undiluted bleach. Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes, 6, 218–129.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sorensen, J. L., London, J., & Morales, E. (1991). Group counseling to prevent AIDS. In J. L. Sorensen, L. Wermuth, D. R. Gibson, K. Choi, J. Guydish, & S. Batki (Eds.), Preventing AIDS in drug users and their sexual partners (pp. 99–115). New York: Guilford.

    Google Scholar 

  • Stimson, G. V. (1989). Editorial Review: Syringe-exchange programmes for injecting drug users. AIDS, 3, 253–260.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • U.S. General Accounting Office (1993, March). Needle exchange programs: Research suggests promise as an AIDS prevention strategy. Washington, DC: United States General Accounting Office.

    Google Scholar 

  • van den Hoek, J. A., van Haastrecht, H. J., & Coutinho, R. A. (1989). Risk reduction among intravenous drug users in Amsterdam under the influence of AIDS. American Journal of Public Health, 10, 1355–1357.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Vlahov, D., Munoz, A., Celentano, D. D., Cohn, S., Anthony, J. C., Chilcoat, H., & Nelson, K. E. (1991). HIV seroconversion and disinfection of injection equipment among intravenous drug users, Baltimore, Maryland. Epidemiology, 2, 444–446.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Watters, J. K., & Biernacki, P. (1989). Targeted sampling: Options for the study of hidden populations. Social Problems, 36, 416–430.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Watters, J. K., & Cheng, Y.-T. (1991). Toward comprehensive studies of HIV in intravenous drug users: Issues in treatment-based and community-based samples. In P. Hartsock, & S. Genser (Eds.), Longitudinal studies of HIV infection in intravenous drug users: Methodologic issues associated in natural history research (pp. 63–73). Rockville, MD: National Institute on Drug Abuse. NIDA Research Monograph 109.

    Google Scholar 

  • Watters, J. K., Cheng, Y-T., & Lorvick, J. J. (1991). Drug use profiles, race, age, and risk of HIV infection among intravenous drug users in San Francisco. International Journal of the Addictions, 26, 1247–1262.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Watters, J. K., Cheng, Y-T., Segal, M., Lorvick, J., Case, P., & Carlson, J. (1990, June). Epidemiology and prevention of HIV in heterosexual IV drug users in San Francisco, 1986–1989. Paper presented at the 6th International Conference on AIDS, San Francisco, CA (Abstract F. C. 106).

    Google Scholar 

  • Watters, J. K., Clark, G., Estilo, M., & Lorvick, J. J. (unpublished manuscript). Syringe and needle exchange as HIV/AIDS prevention for injecting drug users: Results of the San Francisco experience. Available from first author.

    Google Scholar 

  • Watters, J. K., Downing, M., Case, P., Lorvick, J., Cheng, Y-T., & Fergusson, B. (1990). AIDS prevention for intravenous drug users in the community: Street-based education and risk behavior. American Journal of Community Psychology, 18, 587–596.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Watters, J. K, Feldman, H. W., Biernacki, P., & Newmeyer, J. A. (1986). Street-based AIDS prevention for intravenous drug users in San Francisco: Prospects, obstacles and options. In: Community Epidemiology Work Group Proceedings (pp. 37–43), Department of Health and Human Services, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Rockville, MD.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wermuth, L. A., Robbins, R., Choi, K., & Eversley, R. (1991). Reaching and counseling women sexual partners. In J. L. Sorensen, L. Wermuth, D. R. Gibson, K. Choi, J. Guydish, & S. Batki (Eds.), Preventing AIDS in drug users and their sexual partners (pp. 130–149). New York: Guilford Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wiley, J. A., & Samuel, M. C. (1989). Prevalence of HIV infection in the USA. AIDS, 3 (Suppl. 1), 71–78.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wodak, A., & Moss, A. (1990). HIV and injecting drug users: from epidemiology to public health. AIDS, 4 (suppl), S105–S109.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Family and Community Medicine and Institute for Health Policy Studies, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, 94143-1304, USA

    John K. Watters

  2. Institute for Health Policy Studies, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, 94143-0936, USA

    Joseph Guydish

Authors
  1. John K. Watters
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Joseph Guydish
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. School of Public Health, Department of Health Behavior and School of Medicine, Departments of Medicine and Pediatrics, and Center for AIDS Research, University of Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama, 35294, USA

    Ralph J. DiClemente Ph.D.

  2. Department of Psychology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, 30303, USA

    John L. Peterson Ph.D.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1994 Springer Science+Business Media New York

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Watters, J.K., Guydish, J. (1994). HIV/AIDS Prevention for Drug Users in Natural Settings. In: DiClemente, R.J., Peterson, J.L. (eds) Preventing AIDS. AIDS Prevention and Mental Health. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-1193-3_11

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-1193-3_11

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4899-1195-7

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4899-1193-3

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation