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Immunopharmacology in Autoimmune Diseases and Transplantation pp 15–29Cite as

Accessory Cells

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Abstract

An accessory cell is a cell that can present antigens and activate T lymphocytes and/or B lymphocytes. For many years the macrophage has been regarded as the main accessory cell for the various immune responses (Unanue, 1984). Later, however, it has become evident that a variety of other lymphoid cells like dendritic cells, resting and immune B cells, B cell lines or tumors, and major histocompatibility (MHC) class II-positive T cells also can act as accessory cells (Waalen et al., 1988). Recent observations have also disclosed that other cells like human thyroid epithelial cells and vascular endothelial cells expressing MHC class II molecules may act as accessory cells that probably have local immunoregulatory function. The accessory functions for activation of T cells involve (1) processing of antigen, (2) binding of processed antigen to MHC molecules, and (3) presentation of antigenic fragments.

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Author notes

  1. Kristian Waalen

    Present address: Vaccine Department, National Institute of Public Health, N-0472, Oslo 4, Norway

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Animal Genetics, National College of Veterinary Medicine, and the Institute of Immunology and Rheumatology, The National Hospital, 0033, Oslo 1, Norway

    Kristian Waalen

  2. Oslo Sanitetsforening Rheumatism Hospital, N-0172, Oslo 1, Norway

    Øystein Førre

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  1. Kristian Waalen
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Clinical Pharmacology, The National Hospital, University of Oslo, N-0027, Oslo 1, Norway

    Hans Erik Rugstad

  2. Institute of Clinical Biochemistry, The National Hospital, University of Oslo, 0027, Oslo 1, Norway

    Liv Endresen

  3. Oslo Sanitetsforening Rheumatism Hospital, N-0172, Oslo 1, Norway

    Øystein Førre

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Waalen, K., Førre, Ø. (1992). Accessory Cells. In: Rugstad, H.E., Endresen, L., Førre, Ø. (eds) Immunopharmacology in Autoimmune Diseases and Transplantation. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-1167-4_2

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