Abstract
The increasing incidence of HIV infection is having a pervasive cultural impact among adolescents in the United States. To be sure, adolescents currently represent fewer than 1% of all reported AIDS cases in the United States [Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), 1993b]. But this statistic underestimates the potential for HIV infection among adolescents. Young adults in their 20s constitute about 20% of all AIDS cases (1993b), and because several years typically elapse between the time a person is infected with HIV and the appearance of clinical signs sufficient to warrant a diagnosis of AIDS, many of these individuals were infected during adolescence.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Ajzen, I. (1991). The theory of planned behavior. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 50, 179–211.
Ajzen, I., & Fishbein, M. (1980). Understanding attitudes and predicting social behavior. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
Anderson, J. E., Kann, L., Holtzman, D., Arday, S., Truman, B., & Kolbe, L. (1990). HIV/ AIDS knowledge and sexual behavior among high school students. Family Planning Perspectives, 22, 252–255.
Aneshensel, C. S., Becerra, R. M., Fielder, E. P., & Schuler, R. H. (1990). Onset of fertility-related events during adolescence: A prospective comparison of Mexican American and non-Hispanic white females. American Journal of Public Health, 80, 959–963.
Baker, C. J., Huscroft, S., Morris, R., Re, O., & Firpo, R. (1992). Changes in sexual behavior in delinquent youth following risk reduction counseling (abstract). Proceedings of the Eighth International Conference on AIDS, 8(3), 201.
Baker, D. G., & Mossman, D. (1991). Potential HIV exposure in psychiatrically hospitalized adolescent girls. American Journal of Psychiatry, 148, 528–530.
Bandura, A. (1989). Perceived self-efficacy in the exercise of control over AIDS infection. In V. Mays, G. Albee, and S. Schneider (Eds.), Primary prevention of AIDS (pp. 128–141). Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
Bandura, A. (1992). A social cognitive approach to the exercise of control over AIDS infection. In R. DiClemente (Ed.), Adolescents and AIDS: A generation in jeopardy (pp. 89–116). Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
Bandura, A. (1994). Social cognitive theory and exercise of control over HIV infection. In R. DiClemente & J. Peterson (Eds.), Preventing AIDS: Theories and methods of behavioral interventions. AIDS prevention and mental health (pp. 25–59). New York: Plenum Press.
Bayer, R., Levine, C., & Wolf, S. M. (1986). HIV antibody screening: An ethical framework for evaluating proposed programs. JAMA, 256, 1768–1774.
Becker, M. H. (1974). The health belief model and personal health behavior. Health Education Monographs, 2, 324–508.
Bell, T. A., & Hein, K. (1984). Adolescents and sexually transmitted diseases. In K. Holmes et al. (Eds.), Sexually transmitted diseases (pp. 73–84). New York: McGraw-Hill.
Botvin, G. (1986). Substance abuse prevention efforts: Recent developments and future directions. Journal of School Health, 56, 369–374.
Brown, L. K., DiClemente, R. J., & Beausoleil, N. I. (1992). Comparison of human immunodeficiency virus-related knowledge, attitudes, intentions and behaviors among sexually active and abstinent young adolescents. Journal of Adolescent Health, 13, 140–145.
Burke, D. S., Brundage, J. F., Goldenbaum, M., Gardner, L. I., Peterson, M., Visintine, R., Redfield, R. R., & The Walter Reed Retrovirus Research Group. (1990). Human immunodeficiency virus infection in teenagers: Seroprevalence among applicants for US military service. JAMA, 263, 2074–2077.
Carrera, M. (1987). Multi-service family life and sex education program. Report from Children’s AID Society, New York, 1987.
Carroll, J. C., Volk, K. A., & Hyde J. S. (1985). Differences between males and females in motives for engaging in sexual intercourse. Archives of Sexual behavior, 14, 131–139.
Catania, J. A., Dolcini, M., Coates, T. J., Kegeles, S. M., Greenblatt, R., Puckett, S., Corman, M., & Miller, J. (1989). Predictors of condom use and multiple partnered sex among sexually-active adolescent women: Implications for AIDS-related health interventions. Journal of Sex Research, 26, 514–524.
Catania, J. A., Kegeles, S. M., & Coates, T.J. (1990). Towards an understanding of risk behavior: An AIDS Risk Reduction Model (ARRM). Health Education Quarterly, 17, 53–72.
Cates, W., Jr. (1987). Epidemiology and control of sexually transmitted diseases: Strategic evolution. Infectious Disease Clinics of North America, 1, 1–23.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (1993a). HIV/AIDS surveillance report, July. Atlanta.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (1993b). HIV/AIDS surveillance report, No. 4. Year-end provisional report.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (1994). HIV/AIDS surveillance report, 6(1), 13.
D’Angelo, L. P., Getson, P., Luben, N., Stallings, E., & Gayle, H. (1989). HIV infection in adolescents: Can we predict who is at risk? Paper presented at the Fifth International Conference on AIDS, Montreal.
DeLamater, J. (1987). Gender differences in sexual scenarios. In K. Kelley (Ed.), Females, males, and sexuality (pp. 127–139). Albany: State University of New York Press.
DiClemente, R. J., Lanier, M. M., Horan, P. F., & Lodico, M. (1991). Comparison of AIDS knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors among incarcerated adolescents and a public school sample in San Francisco. American Journal of Public Health, 81, 628–630.
Dielman, T., Shope, P., Campanelli, P., & Butchart, A. T. (1987). Elementary school-based prevention of adolescent alcohol misuse. Pediatrician, 14, 70–76.
Dryfoos, J. (1990). Adolescents at risk: Prevalence and prevention. New York: Oxford University Press.
English, A. (1989). AIDS testing and epidemiology for youth. Journal of Adolescent Health Care, 10, 52S–57S.
Erikson, E. (1950). Childhood and society. New York: Norton.
Fishbein, M., & Ajzen, I. (1975). Belief, attitude, intention, and behavior: An introduction to theory and research. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley.
Fisher, J. (1988). Possible effects of reference group-based social influence on AIDS-risk behavior and AIDS prevention. American Psychologist, 43, 914–920.
Fisher, J. D., & Fisher, W. A. (1992). Changing AIDS-risk behavior. Psychological Bulletin, 111(3), 455–474.
Forrest, J., & Singh, S. (1990). The sexual and reproductive behavior of American women, 1982–1988. Family Planning Perspectives, 22, 206–214.
Fox, R., Odaka, N. J., Brookmeyer, R., & Polk, B. F. (1987). Effect of HIV antibody disclosure on subsequent sexual activity in homosexual men. AIDS, 1, 241–246.
Frieze, I. H., Parsons, J. E., Johnson, P. E., Ruble, D. N., & Zellman, G. L. (1978). Women and sex roles. New York: Norton.
Fullilove, R., Fullilove, M., Bowser, B., & Gross, S. (1990). Risk of sexually transmitted disease among African-American adolescent crack users in Oakland and San Francisco, Calif. JAMA, 263, 851–855.
Futterman, D. (1991). Medical issues with HIV-infected adolescents. National Pediatric Conference on AIDS. Washington, DC., January 1991.
Futterman, D., Hein, K., Kipke, M., Reulbach, W., Clare, G., Nelson, J., Orane, A., & Gayle, H.(1990). HIV+ adolescents: HIV testing experiences and changes in risk related sexual and drug use behavior (abstract). Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on AIDS, 6(3), 254.
Girls, Inc. (1991). Truth, trust and technology: New research on preventing adolescent pregnancy. Summary report on the Girls VX program development and research project. New York: published by the author.
Goeddert, J. J., Kessler, C. M., & Aledort, L. M. (1990). A prospective study of human immunodeficiency virus type I infection and the development of AIDS in subjects with hemophilia. New England Journal of Medicine, 321, 1141–1148.
Goldsmith, M. (1988). Sex tied to drugs = STD spread. JAMA, 260, 2009.
Goldsmith, M. (1993). Invisible epidemic now becoming visible as HIV/AIDS pandemic reaches adolescents. JAMA, 270, 16–19.
Goodman, E., & Cohall, A. T. (1989). Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and adolescents: Knowledge, attitudes, beliefs and behaviors in a New York City adolescent minority population. Pediatrics, 84, 36–42.
Gross, A. E. (1978). The male role and heterosexual behavior. Journal of Social Issues, 34, 87–107.
Hatcher, R. A., Stewart, F. H., Trussell, J., Kowal, D., Guest, F., Stewart, G. K., & Cates, W. (1990). Contraceptive technology 1990–1992. New York: Irvington.
Hayman, C., St. Louis, M., Petersen, L., Miller, C., Job Corps, & Centers for Disease Control. (1990). HIV infection in underprivileged teenagers: Update from the Job Corps. Paper presented at the Sixth International Conference on AIDS, San Francisco.
Hein, K., Blair, J., Ratzan, S., Dyson, D. (1993). Adolescents and HIV: Two decades of denial. In S. Ratzan (Ed.), AIDS: Effective health communication for the 90s (pp. 215–232). Philadelphia: Taylor & Francis.
Higgins, D. L., Galavotti, C., O’Reilly, K., Schnell, D. J., Moore, M., Rugg, D. L., & Johnson, R. (1991). Evidence for the effects of HIV antibody counseling and testing on risk behaviors. JAMA, 226, 2419–2429.
Hingson, R., Strunin, L., Berlin, B., & Heeren, T. (1990). Beliefs about AIDS, use of alcohol and drugs, and unprotected sex among Massachusetts adolescents. American Journal of Public Health, 80, 295–299.
Hofferth, S. L., Kahn, J. R., & Baldwin, W. (1987). Premarital sexual activity among U.S. teenage women over the past three decades. Family Planning Perspectives, 19, 46–53.
Jemmott, J. B., III, Jemmott, L. S., & Fong, G. T. (1992a). Reductions in HIV risk-associated sexual behaviors among African-American male adolescents: Effects of an AIDS prevention intervention. American Journal of Public Health, 82, 372–377.
Jemmott, J. B., III, Jemmott, L. S., Spears, H., Hewitt, N., & Cruz-Collins, M. (1992b). Self-efficacy, hedonistic expectancies, and condom-use intentions among inner-city black adolescent women: A social cognitive approach to AIDS risk behavior. Journal of Adolescent Health, 13, 512–519.
Jemmott, J. B., III, Jemmott, L. S., & Hacker, C. I. (1992c). Predicting intentions to use condoms among African American adolescents: The theory of planned behavior as a model of HIV risk associated behavior. Journal of Ethnicity & Disease, 2, 371–380.
Jemmott, J. B., III, Jemmott, L. S., Braverman, P., Boccher-Lattimore, D., Fong, G. T., Lerman, C., McCaffree, K., & Hacker, C. I. (1993, April). Training mothers to reduce their daughters’ HIV risk behavior: A social cognitive intervention. Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the Society of Behavioral Medicine, San Francisco.
Jemmott, L. S., & Jemmott, J. B., III. (1992). Increasing condom-use intentions among sexually active inner-city adolescent women: Effects of an AIDS prevention program. Nursing Research, 41, 273–279.
Jessor, S. L., & Jessor, R. (1977). Problem behavior and psychosocial development. New York: Academic Press.
Johnston, L., O’Malley, P., & Bachman, J. (1987). Psychotherapeutic, licit, and illicit use of drugs among adolescents: An epidemiological perspective. [Special issue]. Journal of Adolescent Health Care, 8, 36–51.
Jones, E. F., Forrest, J. D., Goldman, N., Henshaw, S., Lincoln, R., Rosoff, J. I., Westoff, C. F., & Wulf, D. (1986). Teenage pregnancy in industrialized countries. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.
Keller, S. E., Bartlett, J. A., Schleifer S. J., Johnson, R. L., Pinner, E., & Delaney, B. (1991). HIV relevant sexual behavior among a healthy inner city heterosexual adolescent population in an endemic area of HIV. Journal of Adolescent Health Care, 12, 44–48.
Kimble, D., Hertzog, N., Fisher, J., & Fisher, W. (1991). AIDS education needs assessment for Worcester Massachusetts high schools. Unpublished manuscript.
Kipke, M., Futterman, D., & Hein, K. (1990). HIV infection and AIDS during adolescence. Medical Clinics of North America, 74, 1149–1166.
Knox, M., & Clark, C. (1991). Early HIV detection: A community mental health role. Journal of Mental Health Administration, 18, 21–26.
Kohlberg, L. (1966). A cognitive-developmental analysis of children’s sex role concepts and attitudes. In E. Maccoby (Ed.), The development of sex differences. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.
Koopman, C., Rotheram-Borus, M. J., Dobbs, L., Gwadz, M., & Brown, J. (1992). Beliefs and behavioral intentions regarding virus testing among New York City runaways. Journal of Adolescent Health Care, 13, 576–581.
Koopman, C., Rosario, M., & Rotheram-Borus, M. J. (1994). Alcohol and drug use and sexual behaviors placing runaways at risk for HIV infection. Addictive Behaviors, 19, 95–103.
Maimen, L., & Becker, M. (1974). The health belief model: Origins and correlates in psychological theory. In M. H. Becker (Ed.), The health belief model and personal health behavior. Thorofare, NJ: Charles B. Slack.
Miller, H. G., Turner, C. F., & Moses, L. E. (Eds.) (1990). AIDS: The second decade. Washington, DC: National Academy Press.
Minkoff, H., McCalla, S., Delke, I., Stevens, R., Salwen, M., & Feldman, J. (1990). The relationship of cocaine use to syphilis and human immunodeficiency virus infections among inner city parturient women. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 163, 521–526.
Morris, R., Baker, C., Huscroft, S., Evans, C. A., & Zeljkovic, S. (1991). Two year variation in HIV risk behaviors in detained minors. Paper presented at the Seventh International Conference on AIDS, Florence.
Mussen, P. H. (1969). Early sex role development. In D. A. Goslin (Ed.), Handbook of socialization theory and research. Chicago: Rand McNally.
National Institute on Drug Abuse (1990). National household survey on drug abuse: Population estimates 1990. Rockville, MD: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, U.S. Public Health Service, Alcohol, Drug Abuse, and Mental Health Administration.
National Research Council (1989). AIDS: Sexual behavior and intravenous drug use. Washington, DC: National Academy Press.
Novick, L., Berns, D., Stricof, R., Stevens, R., Pass, K., & Wethers, J. (1989). HIV seropreva-lence in newborns in New York state. JAMA, 261, 1745–1750.
Ostrow, D. G., Joseph, J. G., Kessler, R., & Soucy, J. (1989). Disclosure of HIV antibody status: Behavioral and mental health correlates. AIDS Education and Prevention, 7(1), 1–11.
Pennbridge, J., Freese, T., & Mackenzie, R. (1992). High risk behaviors among male street youth in Hollywood, California. Aids Education Prevention, Supplement, 24-33.
Pentz, M., Dwyer, D., Mackinnon, B., Flay, W., Hansen, E., Yang, E., & Johnson, C. (1989). A multicommunity trial for primary prevention of adolescent drug abuse: Effects on drug use prevalence. JAMA, 261, 3259–3266.
Perry, S., Fishman, B., Jacobsberg, L., Young, J., & Frances, A. (1991). Effectiveness of psychoeducational interventions in reducing emotional distress after human immunodeficiency virus antibody testing. Archives of General Psychiatry, 48, 143–147.
Pittman, K., & Govan, C. (1986). Model programs: Preventing adolescent pregnancy and building youth self-sufficiency. Washington, DC: Children’s Defense Fund.
Polick, J., Ellickson, P., Reuter, P., & Kahan, J. (1984). Strategies for controlling adolescent drug use. Santa Monica: Rand Corporation.
Pratt, W., Mosher, W., Bachrach, C., & Horn, M. (1984). Understanding U.S. fertility: Findings from the National Survey of Family Growth, Cycle III. Population Bulletin, 39, 1–42.
Quinn, T. C., Glasser, D., Cannon, R. O., Matuszak, D. L., Dunning, R. W., Klein, R. L., Campbell, C. H., Israel, E., Fauci, A. S., & Hook, E. W. (1988). Human immunodeficiency virus infection among patients attending clinics for sexually transmitted diseases. New England Journal of Medicine, 318, 197–202.
Reid, H. M., Rotheram-Borus, M. J., Rosario M. R., & Gwadz, M. (1993). Effectiveness of HIV prevention with homeless youth over 2 years. Paper presented at the Ninth International Conference on AIDS, Berlin.
Reinisch, J., Sanders, S., & Ziemba-Davis, M. (1988). The study of sexual behavior in relation to the transmission of human immunodeficiency virus: Caveats and recommendations. [Special issue.] American Psychologist, 43, 921–927.
Remafedi, G. (1987). Male homosexuality: The adolescent’s perspective. Pediatrics, 79, 326–330.
Rhodes, F., MacDonald, K., & Elder-Tarizy, K. (1990). Effects of AIDS education on knowledge, attitudes and risk behavior of adolescent youth. Paper presented at the meeting of the American Psychological Association, Boston.
Rosenstock, I. (1974). Historical origins of the health belief model. Health Education Monographs, 2, 328–335.
Rotheram-Borus, M. J. (1990). Prevention of HIV infection among adolescents. In S. Blumenthal, A. Eichler, & G. Weissman (Eds.), Women and AIDS: Promoting healthy behaviors (pp. 109–117). Washington, DC: Government Printing Office.
Rotheram-Borus, M. J., & Koopman, C. (1991a). Sexual risk behavior, AIDS knowledge and beliefs about AIDS among predominantly minority gay and bisexual male adolescents. AIDS Education and Prevention, 3, 305–312.
Rotheram-Borus, M. J., & Koopman, C. (1991b). Sexual risk behaviors, AIDS knowledge, and beliefs about AIDS among runaways. American Journal of Public Health, 81, 208–210.
Rotheram-Borus, M. J., Koopman, C., & Bradley, J. (1989). Barriers to successful AIDS prevention programs with runaway youth. In J. O. Woodruff, D. Doherty, & J. G. Athey (Eds.), Troubled adolescents and HIV infection: Issues in prevention and treatment (pp. 35–55). Washington DC: Georgetown University.
Rotheram-Borus, M. J., Becker, J., Koopman, C., & Kaplan, M. (1991a). AIDS knowledge, beliefs, and sexual behaviors of sexually delinquent and non-delinquent runaway adolescents. Journal of Adolescence, 14, 229–244.
Rotheram-Borus, M. J., Koopman C., Haignere, C., & Davies, M. (1991b). Reducing HIV sexual risk behaviors among runaway adolescents. JAMA, 266, 1237–1241.
Rotheram-Borus, M. J., Koopman, C., & Rosario, M. (1992). Developmentally tailoring prevention programs: Matching strategies to adolescents’ serostatus. In R. J. DiClemente (Ed.), Adolescents and AIDS: A generation in jeopardy (pp. 212–229). Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
Rotheram-Borus, M. J., Gillis, J. R., Gwadz, M., Reid, H., & Fernandez M. I. (1993). HIV testing of heterosexual, gay, and lesbian youth: Uses, abuses, and attitudes. Poster presented at the IXth International Conference on AIDS/IVth STD World Congress, Berlin.
Rotheram-Borus, M. J., Rosario, M., Meyer-Bahlburg, H., Koopman, C., Dopkins, S. C., & Davies, M. (1994). Sexual and substance use acts of gay and bisexual male adolescents in New York City. Journal of Sex Research, 31(1), 47–57.
Sandova, J. (1988). Impact’ 88: Dallas’ countywide plan for reducing teen pregnancy. SIECUS Report, 16, 1–5.
Schilling, R. F., El-Bassel, N., Schinke, S. P., Gordon, K., & Nichols, S. (1991). Sexual behavior, attitudes toward safer sex, and gender among a cohort of 244 recovering IV drug users. International Journal of the Addictions, 26(8), 859–877.
Schinke, S., & Gilchrist, L. (1985). Preventing substance abuse with children and adolescents. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 53, 596–602.
Shalwitz, J., Goulart, M., Dunnigan, K., & Flannery, D. (1990). Prevalence of sexually transmitted diseases (STD) and HIV in a homeless youth medical clinic in San Francisco. Paper presented at the Sixth International Conference on AIDS, San Francisco.
Simon, W., & Gagnon, J. (1986). Sexual scripts: Permanence and change. Archives of Sexual behavior, 15, 97–120.
Smith, E. A., & Udry, J. R. (1985). Coital and non-coital sexual behaviors of white and African-American Americans. American Journal of Public Health, 75, 1200–1203.
Sonenstein, F., Pleck, J., & Ku, L. (1989). Sexual activity, condom use and AIDS awareness among adolescent males. Family Planning Perspectives, 21, 152–158.
St. Louis, M. E., Conway, G. A., Hayman, C. R., Miller, C., Peterson, L. R., & Dondero, T. J. (1991). Human immunodeficiency virus infection in disadvantaged adolescents. Findings from the U.S. Job Corps. JAMA, 266, 2387–2391.
Stricof, R. L., Novick, L. F., & Kennedy, J. (1990). HIV-1 seroprevalence in facilities for runaway and homeless adolescents in four states: Florida, Texas, Louisiana, and New York. Paper presented at the Sixth Annual International Conference on AIDS, San Francisco.
Stricof, R. L., Kennedy, J. T., Natteu, T. C., Wersfuse, I. B., & Novick, L. F. (1991). HIV seroprevalence in a facility for runaway and homeless adolescents. American Journal of Public Health, 81 (Suppl.), 50–53.
Strunin, L., & Hingson, R. (1987). Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and adolescents: Knowledge, beliefs, attitudes, and behaviors. Pediatrics, 5, 825–827.
Strunin, L., & Hingson, R. (1992). Alcohol, drugs, and adolescent sexual behavior. [Special issue]. International Journal of the Addictions, 27, 129–146.
Thompson, L., & Spanier, G. (1978). Influence of parents, peers, and partners on the contraceptive use of college age men and women. Journal of Marriage & the Family, 40, 481–492.
Vincent, M., Clearie, A., & Schlucheter, M. (1987). Reducing adolescent pregnancy through school and community-based education. JAMA, 257, 3382–3386.
Walter, H. (1990). AIDS prevention for adolescents in school. Paper presented at Grand Rounds of the HIV Center for Clinical and Behavioral Studies, Columbia University, New York, October 1990.
Wells, K. (1980). Gender role identity and psychological adjustment in adolescence. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 9, 59–73.
Whitley, B. E., & Schofield, J. W. (1986). A meta-analysis of research on adolescent contraceptive use. Population and Environment, 8, 173–203.
Wilcox, B. L. (1990). Federal policy and adolescent AIDS. In W. Gardner et al (Eds.), New directions in child development: Adolescents in the AIDS epidemic (pp. 61–70). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass Inc.
Wyatt, G., Peters, S., Guthrie, D. (1988a). Kinsey revisited: I. Comparisons of the sexual socialization and sexual behavior of White women over 33 years. Archives of Sexual behavior, 17, 201–239.
Wyatt, G., Peters, S., Guthrie, D. (1988b). Kinsey revisited: II. Comparisons of the sexual socialization and sexual behavior of Black women over 33 years. Archives of Sexual behavior, 17, 289–332.
Zabin, L. S., & Clark, S. D., Jr. (1981). Why they delay: A study of teenage family planning clinic patients. Family Planning Perspectives, 13, 205–217.
Zabin, L. S., Hardy, J. B., Smith, E. A., & Hirsch, M. B. (1986). Substance use and its relation to sexual activity among inner-city adolescents. Journal of Adolescent Health Care, 7, 320–331.
Zelnik, M., Kantner, F., & Ford, K. (1981). Sex and pregnancy in adolescence. Sage Library of Social Research, Vol. 133. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.
Zelnik, M., & Shah, F. K. (1983). First intercourse among young Americans. Family Planning Perspectives, 15, 64–70.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1995 Springer Science+Business Media New York
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Rotheram-Borus, M.J., Jemmott, L.S., Jemmott, J.B. (1995). Preventing AIDS in Female Adolescents. In: O’Leary, A., Jemmott, L.S. (eds) Women at Risk. AIDS Prevention and Mental Health. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-1057-8_5
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-1057-8_5
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-1-4899-1059-2
Online ISBN: 978-1-4899-1057-8
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive