Brain Angiotensin and the Female Reproductive Cycle

  • M. Ian Phillips
  • Hong Wang
  • Birgitta Kimura
  • Robert C. Speth
  • Nooshin Ghazi
Chapter
Part of the Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology book series (AEMB, volume 377)

Abstract

The existence of the renin-angiotensin system in the brain that synthesizes and regulates angiotensin independently of the blood-borne renin-angiotensin system (RAS) has been shown by a number of experiments, including direct measurements of angiotensin II (Ang II) in blocks of brain and HPLC analysis (1, 2), immunocytochemistry (3), mRNA angiotensinogen (4, 5), ACE mRNA (6) and Ang II release from neurons but not glial cells (7). While a complete understanding of the synthesis of brain angiotensin is still being studied, evidence points to a paracrine process whereby angiotensinogen is expressed in neurons and in glia but the angiotensin I is cleaved to angiotensin II extracellularly by the ectoenzyme angiotensin converting enzyme with Ang II being taken up and stored in neurons and glia (8).

Keywords

Luteinizing Hormone Paraventricular Nucleus Perfusion Fluid Luteinizing Hormone Surge Luteinizing Hormone Peak 
These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
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Copyright information

© Springer Science+Business Media New York 1995

Authors and Affiliations

  • M. Ian Phillips
    • 1
  • Hong Wang
    • 2
  • Birgitta Kimura
    • 1
  • Robert C. Speth
    • 3
  • Nooshin Ghazi
    • 4
  1. 1.Department of PhysiologyCollege of Medicine University of FloridaGainesvilleUSA
  2. 2.Laboratory of Reproductive BiologyInstitute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
  3. 3.Department of Pharmacology, VCAAPWashington State UniversityPullmanUSA
  4. 4.Department of MedicineWashington State UniversityPullmanUSA

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