Abstract
It has been clearly demonstrated that health disorders, as well as social disorders are, in part, a function of stressful life events. (Dohrenwend and Dohrenwend, 1974). The magnitude of the resultant disorders, however, may well vary or be moderated by the social-environmental conditions in which the individual lives (Dohrenwend, 1973; Myers, Lindenthal, Pepper, 1974; Nuckolls, Cassel, and Kaplan, 1972) as well as by personal characteristics of the individual (Antonovsky, 1979; Murphy, 1974).
This study was made possible by a grant from the Division of Social Services, Department of Health and Social Services, State of Alaska and was further supported by the Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, University of Alaska at Anchorage.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Alissi, A. S., “Social work with families in group service agencies: an overview.” Family Coordinator 1969, 18: 391–401.
Anderson, N. The Hobo: The Sociology of the Homeless Man Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1923.
Antonovsky, A. Health Stress and Coping. San Francisco, Jossey-Bass, 1979.
Bahr, H. M. “Lifetime affiliation patterns of early and late onset of heavy drinking on Skid Row.” Quarterly Journal of Studies on Alcohol 1969, 30: 645–656.
Blumberg, L. V., Shipley, T. E., and Moor, J. D., “The Skid Row man and the Skid Row status community (with perspectives on their future).” Quarterly Journal of Alcohol Studies 1971, 32: 900–941.
Brennan, E. Social networks, support, and coping in older students. Unpublished senior honors thesis, University of Massachusetts at Amherst, 1977.
Brody, H. Indians on Skid Row Ottawa, Canada: Department of Indian Affairs and Northern Development, 1971.
Caplan, G. Support Systems and Community Mental Health. New York: Behavioral Publications, 1974.
Catalono, R. Health, Behavior, and the Community: An Ecological Perspective. New York: Pergamon Press, 1979.
Cobb, J. “Social support as a moderator of life stress.” Psychosomatic Medicine 1976, 38: 300–314.
Cooper, C. Easter Hill Village. New York: Free Press, 1979.
Craven, P., and Wellman, B. “The network city.” Sociological Inquiry 1973, 43: 57–88.
Dean, A., and Linn, N. “The stress buffering role of social support: Problems and prospects for future investigation.” Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease 1977, 1965: 403–417.
Dohrenwend, B. S. “Social status and stressful life events.” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 1973, 28: 225–235.
Dohrenwend, B. S., and Dohrenwend, B. P. Stressful Life Events: Their Nature and Effects. New York: Wiley, 1974.
Goffman, L. Relations in Public. New York: Basic Books, 1971.
Gottlieb, B. H., and Todd, D. M. “Characterizing and promoting social support in natural settings.” In R. F. Munoz, L. R. Snowden, and J. G. Kelly (Eds.), Social and Psychological Research in Community Settings. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass, 1979.
Hirsch, B. J. “Natural support systems and coping with major life changes.” American Journal of Community Psychology 1980, 8: 159–172.
Hobfoll, S. E., Kelso, D., and Peterson, W. J. “The Anchorage Skid Row.” Journal of Studies on Alcohol 1980, 41: 94–99.
Hobfoll, S. E., Kelso, D., and Peterson, W. J. “Human service strategy in an urban Skid Row.” Journal of Alcohol and Drug Education 1981, 26: 832–838.
Kapferer, B. “Norms and the manipulation of relationships in a work context.” In J. C. Mitchell (Ed.), Social Networks in Urban Situations. New York: Humanities Press, 1969.
Kelly, J. G. The High School: Student and Social Context in Two Midwestern Communities. Hillsdale, N. J.: Lawrence Erlbaum, 1979.
Kuttner, R. E., and Lorinez, A. B. “Alcoholism and addiction in urbanized Sioux Indians.” Mental Hygiene, 1967, 51: 530–542.
Lavald, K. A. From Hobohemia to Skid Row: The Changing Community of the Homeless Man. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of Minnesota, 1963.
Littman, G. “Alcoholism, illness, and social pathology among American Indians in transition.” American Journal of Public Health 1970, 60: 1769–1787.
Maslow, A. H. Toward a Psychology of Being. Princeton: Van Nostrand, 1968.
Mitchell, R. E. Social networks and psychiatric clients: The personal and environmentalcontext. Unpublished manuscript, Stanford University, 1980.
Murphy, L. B. “Coping, vulnerability, and resilience in childhood.” In G. V. Coelho, D. A. Hamburg, and J. E. Adams (Eds.), Coping and Adaption. New York: Basic Books, 1974.
Myers, J. K., Lindenthal, J. J., and Pepper, M. P. “Social class, life events, and psychiatric symptoms: A longitudinal study.” In B. S. Dohrenwend and B. P. Dohrenwend (Eds.), Stressful Life Events: Their Nature and Effect. New York: Wiley, 1974.
Nucholls, K. B., Cassel, J., and Kaplan, B. H. “Psychosocial assets, life crisis, and the prognosis of pregnancy.” American Journal of Epidemiology 1972, 95: 431–441.
Rappaport, J. Community Psychology: Values, Research, and Action. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1977.
Rubington, E. “The changing Skid Row scene.” Quarterly Journal of Studies on Alcohol 1971, 32: 123–125.
Sandler, I. N. “Social support resources, stress, and maladjustment of poor children.” American Journal of Community Psychology 1980, 8: 41–52.
Sigal, H. A., Peterson, D. M., and Chambers, C. D. “The emerging Skid Row: Ethnographic and social notes on a changing scene.” Journal of Drug Issues 1975, 5: 160–166.
Spivak, M. Archetypal Space. Cambridge, Mass.: Laboratory for Community Psychiatry, Harvard University, 1971.
Spradley, J. P. Public health services and the culture of skid row bums. Unpublished manuscript, Macalester College, St, Paul, Minnesota, 1973.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1989 Springer Science+Business Media New York
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Hobfoll, S.E., Kelso, D., Peterson, W.J. (1989). When are Support Systems Support Systems: A Study of Skid Row. In: Einstein, S. (eds) Drug and Alcohol Use. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-0888-9_22
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-0888-9_22
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-1-4899-0890-2
Online ISBN: 978-1-4899-0888-9
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive