Abstract
Sound generation in odontocetes takes place in the upper nasal passage, powered by air pressure created within the bony nares (Norris et al., 1971; Diercks et al., 1971; Hollien, 1976; Dormer, 1979; Ridgway et al., 1980; Amundin and Andersen, 1983; Cranford, 1988). Cranford (1988) describes two pairs of fatty bodies, labelled dorsal bursae, situated in the lateral corners of the spiracular cavity in the spinner dolphin, which may function as “sound transducers and/or conductors of sound” produced at the bursae or in their vicinity. Two posterior branches of the melon connect to the anterior bursae. It also has been suggested that air sacs around the spiracular cavity may guide the emitted sonar pulses rostrally (Norris, 1964; Dormer, 1974; Giro and Dubrovskii, 1975; Alcuri, 1980). Additional sonar beam formation is thought to take place in the melon, as a result of the sound velocity topography of special “acoustic” fats (Norris and Harvey, 1974; Litchfield et al., 1979; Varanasi et al., 1982).
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Amundin, M., Cranford, T. (1990). Forehead Anatomy of Phocoena Phocoena and Cephalorhynchus Commersonii: 3-Dimensional Computer Reconstructions with Emphasis on the Nasal Diverticula. In: Thomas, J.A., Kastelein, R.A. (eds) Sensory Abilities of Cetaceans. NATO ASI Series, vol 196. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-0858-2_1
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