Abstract
Racism is an elusive, emotional, and historically pervasive fact of American society. In contemporary society, the problems heretofore viewed in the context of a historical legacy that includes involuntary slavery, constitutional denial of equal rights, legal support of second-class citizenship, and ubiquitous and various forms of physical, emotional, social, economic, and psychological exploitation and oppression of black Americans of African descent are now normalized as problems of equal opportunity for minorities. The use of the term minority denotes an expansive confluence of disadvantage associated with being different in any of numerous ways, including physical or mental disability, nonnormative sexual preference, the status of being an immigrant or refugee, aged, chronic poverty, and ethnicity characterized by color. In addition, being female, although not a condition of minority status, does often qualify for being included among the less advantaged.
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Jones, J.M. (1988). Racism in Black and White. In: Katz, P.A., Taylor, D.A. (eds) Eliminating Racism. Perspectives in Social Psychology. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-0818-6_6
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-0818-6_6
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