Helium as a Quantum Fluid

  • Steven W. Van Sciver
Chapter
Part of the The International Cryogenics Monograph Series book series (ICMS)

Abstract

Some of the quantum mechanical aspects of gaseous and liquid helium have been introduced in Chapter 3 as deviations from the classical models. In particular, it was shown that the equation of state and transport models can be treated in terms of quantum mechanical scattering theory. These are not the most dramatic quantum features of helium. In fact, liquid helium below T λ = 2.172 K at saturated vapor pressure behaves in such a way that its physical properties can be understood only by using a fully quantum mechanical model with a sizable fraction of the particles in the “condensed” ground state. This condensed state is envisioned to have a number of unique characteristics including zero entropy and viscosity.

Keywords

Heat Transport Liquid Helium Critical Velocity Vortex Line Critical Heat Flux 
These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
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Copyright information

© Springer Science+Business Media New York 1986

Authors and Affiliations

  • Steven W. Van Sciver
    • 1
  1. 1.University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonUSA

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