Skip to main content

Hydrothermal Metal Deposits from the Oceanic Rifts: A Classification

  • Chapter
Hydrothermal Processes at Seafloor Spreading Centers

Part of the book series: NATO Conference Series ((MARS,volume 12))

Abstract

Much ground has been covered since the early suggestions by Skornyakova (1964), Arrhenius and Bonatti (1965), Bonatti and Joensuu (1966), and Bostrom and Peterson (1966) that metal concentrations are formed along mid-ocean ridges due to hydrothermal activity. The most spectacular of these developments have been, of course, the direct observation and sampling by submersible of the Galapagos Rift warm springs and related metal concentrations (Corliss et al., 1979), and of the 21°N East Pacific Rise hot vents and associated metal sulfide deposits (Francheteau et al., 1979).

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 169.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Arrhenius G. and Bonatti E. 1965. Neptunism and volcanism in the ocean. In Progress in Oceanography, Vol. 3, M. Sears, Ed. Pergamon Press, New York, pp. 7–21.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bishoff J.L. 1969. Red Sea geothermal brine deposits: their mineralogy,chemistry and genesis. In Hot Brines and Recent Heavy Metal Deposits in the Red Sea. Springer-Verlag, Berlin/New York, pp. 368–401.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bishoff J.L. 1980. Geothermal system at 21°N, East Pacific Rise: Physicallimits on geothermal fluid and role of adiabatic expansion. Science, 207, 1465–1469.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bonatti E. and Joensuu O. 1966. Deep sea iron deposits from the South Pacific. Science, 154, 643–645.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bonatti E., Guerstein-Honnorez B.M. and Honnorez J. 1976. Copper-iron sulfide mineralizations from the equatorial Mid Atlantic Ridge. Econ. Geol., 71, 1515–1525.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bostrom K. and Peterson M.N.A. 1966. Precipitates from hydrothermal exhalations on the East Pacific Rise. Econ. Geol. 61, 1258–1265. Bostrom K. 1975. The origin and fate of ferromanganoan active ridge sediments. Stockholm Contrib. Geol., 27, 149–243.

    Google Scholar 

  • Corliss J.B., Dymond J., Gordon L.I., Edmond J.M., VonHezen R.P., Ballard R.D., Green K., Williams D., Bainbridge A., Crane K., and Van Andel T.H. 1979. Submarine thermal springs on the Galapagos Rift. Science, 203, 1073–1083.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Craig H. 1974. A scavenging model for trace elements in the deep sea. Earth Planet Sci. Lett., 23, 149–159.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Delaney J.R. and Cosens B.A. 1982. Boiling and metal deposition in sub-marine hydrothermal systems. Marine Techn. Soc. Jour., 16, 62–65.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dymond J., Corliss J.B., Heath G.R., Dasch C.W. and Veeh H.H. 1973. Origin of metalliferous sediments from the Pacific Ocean. Geol. Soc. Amer. Bull., 84, 3355–3372.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dymond J. and Eklund W. 1978. A microprobe study of metalliferous sediment components. Earth Planet Sci. Lett., 40, 243–251.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Elder J.W. 1965. Physical processes in geothermal areas. Am. Geophys. Union Monograph 8, pp. 211–239.

    Google Scholar 

  • Francheteau, J., Needham H.D., Chouckroune, P., Juteau T., Seguret, M., Ballard R.D., Fox P.J., Mormark W., Carranza A., Cordoba D., Guerrero J., Rangin C., Bougalt H. Cambon P., and Hekinian R. 1979. Massive deep sea sulfide-ore deposits discovered on the East Pacific Rise. Nature, 277, 523–530.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kusznir N.S. 1980. Thermal evolution of the oceanic crust: its dependence on spreading rate and effect on crustal structure. Geophy. Jour. Roy. Astron. Soc., 61, 167–181.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Simoneit B.R.T. and Lonsdale P.F. 9182. Hydrothermal petroleum in mineralized mounds at the seabed of Guaymas Basin. Nature, 295, 198–202.

    Google Scholar 

  • Skornyakova I.S. 1964. Dispersed iron and manganese in Pacific ocean sediments. Int. Geol. Rev., 7, 2161–2174.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Streus M.R. and Cann J.R. 1982. A model of hydrothermal circulation in fault zones at mid ocean ridge crests. Geophys. Jour. Roy. Astr. Soc., 71, 225–240.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wehlen J.A. and Craig H. 1979. Methane and hydrogen in East Pacific Rise hydrothermal fluids. Geophys. Res. Lett., 6, 829–831.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Weiss R.F. 1977. Hydrothermal manganele in the deep sea; scavenging residence time and Mn/ He relationship. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 37, 257–262.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1983 Springer Science+Business Media New York

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Bonatti, E. (1983). Hydrothermal Metal Deposits from the Oceanic Rifts: A Classification. In: Rona, P.A., Boström, K., Laubier, L., Smith, K.L. (eds) Hydrothermal Processes at Seafloor Spreading Centers. NATO Conference Series, vol 12. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-0402-7_21

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-0402-7_21

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4899-0404-1

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4899-0402-7

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics