Abstract
Copenhagen is what it seems to be—a vibrant, livable “city that works”—unless you are a citizen trying to make your voice heard in city planning. Despite the elaborate mechanisms for citizen participation in the planning process, the impact of such involvement is minimal. In fact, according to Vilo Sigurdsen, Deputy Mayor in charge of planning, the elaborate mechanisms for participation have produced not one single instance in recent years when a plan has been substantially modified by citizen input.
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References
Kai Lemberg, “A Squatter Settlement in Copenhagen: Slum Ghetto or Social Experiment?” International Review, U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development, Vol. I., 1, 1978.
This section is based on Janice Perlman, “Grassroots Participation for Neighborhood to Nation,” in Stuart Langton, ed., Citizen Participation in America (Lexington, Mass.: Heath, 1978) chap. 6.
Sherry Arnstein, “A Ladder of Citizen Participation,” Journal of the American Institute of Planners 35 (July 1969), 221.
Peggy Wireman, “Citizen Participation,” in The Encyclopedia of Social Work (Washington, D.C.: National Association of Social Workers, 1977), pp. 175–180.
Roland Warren, The Structure of Urban Reform (Lexington, Mass.: Heath, 1974).
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© 1983 Springer Science+Business Media New York
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Perlman, J., Spiegel, H. (1983). Copenhagen’s Black Quadrant. In: Paternalism, Conflict, and Coproduction. Environment, Development, and Public Policy. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-0360-0_2
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-0360-0_2
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