Skip to main content

Coping with Environmental Uncertainty by Social Learning

The Case of Agricultural Biotechnology Regulation in Europe

  • Chapter
Book cover Systems for Sustainability
  • 31 Accesses

Abstract

The safety regulation of agricultural biotechnology has proved difficult for European harmonisation. Under the Deliberate Release Directive, EEC 90/220, genetically modified organisms (GMOs) must undergo a Europe-wide procedure to obtain market approval. Applications for approval have led to lengthy disputes, which have revealed strong differences among member states despite the supposedly common regulatory framework.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 259.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 329.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 329.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Argyris, C., and Schon, D. A., 1978, Organizational Learning: A Theory of Action Perspective, Addison Wesley: Reading, Massachusetts.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bawden, R., 1995, Systemic Development: A Learning Approach to Change, Occasional Paper 1, Centre for Systemic Development: University of Western Sydney, Hawkesbury.

    Google Scholar 

  • Finger, M., and Verlaan, P., 1995, Learning our way out: a conceptual framework for social-environmental learning, World Development 23:503–513.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Levidow, L., and Carr, S., 1996, Special issue on biotechnology risk regulation in Europe, Science and Public Policy 23:133–200.

    Google Scholar 

  • Levidow, L., Carr, S., von Schomberg, R., and Wield, D., 1996, Bounding the risk assessment of a herbicide-tolerant crop, in: Coping with Deliberate Release: The Limits of Risk Assessment, (Ad van Dommelen, ed.), pp. 81–102, International Centre for Human and Public Affairs, Tilburg, The Netherlands.

    Google Scholar 

  • Renn, O., 1995, Styles of using scientific expertise: a comparative framework, Science and Public Policy 22:147–156.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ulrich, W., 1993, Some difficulties of ecological thinking, considered from a critical systems perspective: a plea for critical holism, Systems Practice 6:583–611.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wynne, B., 1992, Risk and social learning: reification to engagement, in: Social Theories of Risk (S. Krimsky and D. Golding, eds.), pp. 275–297, Praeger, Westport, Connecticut.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1997 Springer Science+Business Media New York

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Carr, S., Levidow, L. (1997). Coping with Environmental Uncertainty by Social Learning. In: Stowell, F.A., Ison, R.L., Armson, R., Holloway, J., Jackson, S., McRobb, S. (eds) Systems for Sustainability. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-0265-8_5

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-0265-8_5

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4899-0267-2

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4899-0265-8

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics