Abstract
The neutrino was hypothetically introduced into physics in 1930 by W.Pauli in order to explain the radioactive ß-decay with its continuous ß-spectrum. The name neutrino, the Italian word for little neutron, was coined in 1933 after the discovery of the neutron by E. Fermi. A first direct experimental observation of neutrinos was achieved only around 1956 by F.Reines and C.Cowan,1 based on a reaction which today is written as \( \overline {{V_e}} + p \to n + {e^ + } \). In 1962, Lederman, Schwartz, Steinberger and coworkers,2 employing the in-flight decay of pions and kaons, discovered a second type of neutrino, the muon neutrino vμ. In 1975, M. Perl discovered a third charged lepton, the tauon.3 Theoretical arguments and recoil observations suggest its connection with still another kind of neutrino, the tauon neutrino vτ This third type of neutrino, due to lack of intensity, has not yet been directly observed.
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Mössbauer, R.L. (1997). Neutrino Mass. In: Lévy, M., Iliopoulos, J., Gastmans, R., Gérard, JM. (eds) Masses of Fundamental Particles. NATO ASI Series, vol 363. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-0242-9_9
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