Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Emissions of N2O from Various Environments — The Use of Stable Isotope Composition of N2O as Tracer for the Studies of N2O Biogeochemical Cycling

  • Chapter
Denitrification in Soil and Sediment

Part of the book series: Federation of European Microbiological Societies Symposium Series ((FEMS,volume 56))

Abstract

There is a considerable interest in the emissions of N2O from various environments to the atmosphere. This is because the gas entering the atmosphere is (1) a natural source of stratospheric NO, which is an important element in the ozone chemistry in the stratosphere (Crutzen, 1970; McElroy and McConnel, 1971; Johnston, 1972; Cicerone 1987), and (2) a greenhouse gas, like CO2 and CH4, contributing to the increase of average surface temperature of the Earth by absorption of infrared radiation (Lacis et al. 1981; Dickinson and Cicerone 1986). The consequence of the destruction of the ozone layer is the increase of health hazards by the penetration of more intense UV irradiation. Tropospheric N2O concentration, currently about 300 ppb, has been increasing at the rate of approximately 0.2–0.4% annually (Weiss 1981; Khalil and Rasmussen 1983; Rasmussen and Khalil 1986).

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 169.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 219.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Alexander, M., 1965, Nitrification, Agronomy 10:307–343, American Society of Agronomy, Madison, WI.

    Google Scholar 

  • Andersen, T.K., Jensen M.H., and Sorensen, J., 1984, Diurnal variation of nitrogen cycling in coastal, marine sediments, I. Denitrification. Mar. Biol. 83: 171–176.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Anderson, I.C. and Levine, J.S., 1986, Relative rates of nitric oxide and nitrous oxide production by nitrifiers, denitrifiers, and nitrate respirers, Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 51: 938–945.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Aulakh, M.S., Rennie, D.A., Paul, E.A., 1984, Acetylene and N-Serve effects up upon N20 emissions from NH4’ and NO2- treated soils under aerobic and anaerobic conditions, Soil Biol. Biochem., 16: 351–356.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Benin, A., Lawless, J.G., and Whitten, R.C., 1984, Global N20 cycles-terrestrial emissions, atmospheric accumulation and biospheric effects, Adv. Space Res., 4: 207–216.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Betlack, M., and Tiedje, J.M., 1980, Kinetic explanation for accumulation of nitrite, nitric oxide and nitrous oxide during denitrification, Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 46: 1118–1124.

    Google Scholar 

  • Blackmer, A.M., Bremner,J.M., and Schmidt, E.L., 1980, Production of nitrous oxide by ammonia oxidizing chemoautotrophic microorganisms in soil, Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 40: 1060–1066.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bleakley, B.H., and Tiedje, J.M., 1982, Nitrous oxide production by organisms other than nitrifiers or denitrifiers, Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 44: 1342–1348.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bollag, J.M., and Tung, G., 1972, Nitrous oxide release by soil fungi, Soil Biol. Biochem., 4: 271–276.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bothner-By, A.A., and Friedman, L., 1952, The reaction of nitrous acid with hydroxylamine, J. Chem. Phys., 20: 459–462.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bowden, W.B., 1986. Gaseous nitrogen emissions from undisturbed terrestrial ecosystems: An assessment of their impacts on local and global nitrogen budgets, Biogeochemistry, 2: 249–279.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bowden, W.B., and Borman, F.H., 1986, Transport and loss of nitrous oxide in soil water after forest clear-cutting, Science 233: 867–869

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Breitenbeck, G.A., Blackmer, A.M., and Bremner, J.M., 1980, Effects of different nitrogen fertilizers on emission of nitrous oxide from soil, Geophys. Res. Lett, 7: 85–88.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bremner, J.M., and Blackmer, A.M., 1978, Nitrous oxide emission from soils during nitrification of fertilizer nitrogen, Science 199: 295–296.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bremner, J.M., Blackmer, A.M., and Waring, S.A., 1980, Formation of nitrous oxide and dinitrogen by chemical decomposition of hydroxylamine in soils, Soil Biol. Biochem., 12: 263–269.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bremner, J.M., Breitenbeck, G.A., and Blackmer, A.M., 1981, Effect of nitrapyrin on emission of nitrous oxide from soil fertilized with anhydrous ammonia, Geophys. Res. Lett., 8: 353–356.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bremner, J.M., Breitenbeck, G.A., and Blackmer, A.M., 1981, Effect of anhydrous ammonia fertilization on emission of nitrous oxide from soils, J. Environ. Qual., 10: 77–80.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Butler, J.H., Jones, R.D., Garber, J.H., and Gordon, L.I., 1987, Seasonal distributions and turnover of reduced trace gases and hydroxylamine in Yaquina Bay, Oregon, Geochem. Cosmochim. Acta 51: 697–706.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chalamet, A., and Bardin, R., 1977, Action des ferreux sur la reduction de l’acide nitreux dans les sols hydromorphes, Soil Biol. Biochem. 9: 281–285.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Christensen, P.B., Nielsen, L.P., Revsbech, N.P., and Sorensen, J., 1988, Microzonation of denitrification activity in stream sediments as studied with a combined oxygen and nitrous oxide micro sensor, Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 55: 1234–1241.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cicerone, R.J., 1987, Changes in stratospheric ozone. Science, 237: 35–42.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cline, J.D., Wisegarver, D.P., and Kelly-Hansen, K., 1987, Nitrous oxide and vertical mixing in the equatorial Pacific during the 19821983 El Nino, Deep-Sea Res., 34: 857–873.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Codispoti, L.A., and Christensen, J.P., 1985, Nitrification, denitrification and nitrous oxide cycling in the eastern tropical South Pacific Ocean, Mar. Chem., 16: 277–300.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cohen, Y. and Gordon, L.I., 1978, Nitrous oxide in the oxygen minimum of the eastern tropical North Pacific: Evidence for its consumption during denitrification and possible mechanisms for its production, Deep-Sea Res., 25: 509–524.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cohen, Y. and Gordon, L.I., 1979, Nitrous oxide production in the ocean, J. Geophys. Res., 84: 347–353.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Conrad, R., Seiler, W., and Bunse, G., 1983, Factors influencing the loss of fertilizer nitrogen into the atmosphere as N20, J. Geophys. Res., 88: 6709–6718.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Conrad, R., and Seiler, W., 1980, Field measurements of the loss of fertilizer nitrogen into the atmosphere as nitrous oxide, Atmos. Environ., 14: 555–558.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Crutzen, P.J., 1970, The influence of nitrogen oxides on the atmospheric ozone content, Quart. J. Royal, Met. Soc. 96: 320–325.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Crutzen, P.J., 1983. Atmospheric interactions–homogeneous gas reactions of C, N and S containing compounds, In: “The Major Biogeochemical Cycles and Their Interactions,” (Eds. Crutzen, P.J. ), pp 67–114. SCOPE.

    Google Scholar 

  • Denmead, 0.T., Freney, J.R., Simpson, J.R., 1979, Nitrous oxide emission during denitrification in a flooded field, Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., 43: 726–728.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dickinson, R.E., and Cicerone, R.J., 1986, Future global warming from atmospheric trace gases, Nature, 319: 109–115.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Downes, M.T. 1988. Aquatic nitrogen transformations at low oxygen concentrations, Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 54: 172–175.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Duxbury, J.M., and McConnaughey, P.R., 1986, Effect of fertilizer source on denitrification and nitrous oxide emissions in a maize-field, Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 50: 644–648.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Elkins J.W., Wofsy, S.C., McElroy, M.B., Kolb, C.E., and Kaplan, W.A., 1978, Aquatic sources and sinks for nitrous oxide, Nature 275: 602–606.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Firestone, M.K., Firestone, R.T., and Tiedje, J.M., 1980, Nitrous oxide from soil denitrification: Factors controlling its biological production, Science, 208: 749–751.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Firestone, M.K., Smith, M.S., R.B., Firestone, and Tiedje, J.M., 1979, The influence of nitrate, nitrite, and oxygen on the composition of the gaseous products of denitrification in soil, Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 43: 1140–1144.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Firestone, M.K., and Tiedje, J.M., 1976, Temporal changes in nitrogen oxide and dinitrogen from denitrification following onset of anaerobiosis, Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 38: 673–679.

    Google Scholar 

  • Focht, D.D., and Chang, A.C., 1975, Nitrification and denitrification processes related to waste water treatment, Adv. Appl. Microbiol. 19: 153–186.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Focht, D.D., and Verstraete, W., 1977, Biochemical ecology of nitrification and denitrification, Adv. Microbial Ecol., 1: 135–214.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Freney, J.R., Denmead, O.T., and Simpson, J.R., 1979. Nitrous oxide emission from soils at low moisture contents, Soil Biol. Biochem. 11: 167–173.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Garcia, J.-L., 1975, Evaluation de la denitrification dans les rizieres par la methode de reduction de N20, Soil Biol. Biochem., 7: 251–256.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Goodroad, L.L., and Keeney, D.R., 1984, Nitrous oxide emissions from forest, marsh, and prairie ecosystems, J. Environ. Qual. 13: 448–452.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Goodroad, L.L., Keeney, D.R., and Peterson, L.A., 1984, Nitrous oxide emissions from agricultural soils in Wisconsin, J. Environ. Qual. 13: 557–561.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Goreau, T.J., Kaplan, W.A., Wofsy, S.C., McElroy, M.B., Valois, F.W., and Watson, S.W., 1980, Production of NO2- and N20 by nitrifying bacteria at reduced concentrations of oxygen, Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 40: 526–532.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hachey, D.L., Wong, W.W., Boutton, T.W., and Klein, P.D., 1987, Isotope ratio measurements in nutrition and biomedical research, Mass Spectrometry Rev. 6: 289–3248.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hansen, J.I., Henriksen, K., and Blackburn, T.H., 1981, Seasonal distribution of nitrifying bacteria and rates of nitrification in coastal marine sediments. Microbial Ecol. 7: 297–304.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hao, W.M., Wofsy, S.C., McElroy, M.B., Beer, J.M., and Toquan, M.A.,1987, Sources of atmospheric nitrous oxide from combustion, J. Geophys. Res. 92: 3098–3104.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hemond, H.F., and Duran, A.P., 1989, Fluxes of N20 at the sediment-water and water-atmosphere boundaries of a nitrogen-rich river, Water Resources Res. 25: 839–846.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Henriksen, K., Hansen, J.I., and Blackburn, T.H., 1981, Rates of nitrification, distribution of nitrifying bacteria, and nitrate fluxes in different types of sediment from Danish waters, Mar. Biol. 61: 299–304.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hynes, R.K., and Knowles, R., 1984, Production of nitrous oxide by Nitrosomonas europaea: effects of acetylene, pH and oxygen, Can. J. Microbiol. 30: 1397–1404.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jenkins, M.C., and Kemp, W.M., 1984, The coupling of nitrification and denitrification in two estuarine sediments, Limnol. Oceanogr. 29: 609–619.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jensen, H.B., Jorgensen, K.S. and Sorensen, J., 1984, Diurnal variation of nitrogen cycling in coastal, marine sediments. II. Nitrous oxide emission, Mar. Biol., 83: 177–183.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Johnston, H.J., 1951, Interpretation of the data on the thermal decomposition of nitrous oxide, J. Chem. Phys., 19: 663–667.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Johnston, H., 1972, Newly recognized vital nitrogen cycle, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 69: 2369–2372.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jorgensen, K.S., Jensen, H.B. and Sorensen, J., 1984, Nitrous oxide production from nitrification and denitrification in marine sediment at low oxygen concentrations, Can. J. Microbiol., 30: 1073–1078.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kaplan, W., and Wofsy, S.C., 1985, The biochemistry of nitrous oxide: A review. In: “Advances in Aquatic Microbiology,” vol 3., H.W. Jannasch and P. J-B. Williams, eds., pp. 181–206. Academic Press, Florida.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kaspar, H.F., 1982, Nitrite reduction to nitrous oxide by propionibacteria: Oxidation mechanism, Arch. Microbiol. 133: 126–130.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Keller, M.T., Goreau, T.J., Wofsy, S.C., 1986, Emissions of N20, CH4, and CO2 from tropical forest soils, J. Geophys. Res. 91: 11791–11802.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Keller, M., Kaplan, W.A., Wofsy, S.C. and DaCosta, J.M., 1988, Emissions of N20 from tropical forest soils: Response to fertilization with NH4’, NO3- and PO43-, J. Geophys. Res., 93: 1600–1604.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Keeney, D.R., Fillery, I.R. and Marx, G.P., 1979, Effect of temperature on the gaseous nitrogen products of denitrification in a silt loam soil, Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., 43: 1124–1128.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Khalil, M.A.K. and Rasmussen, R.A., 1983, Increase and seasonal cycles of nitrous oxide in the earth’s atmosphere, Tellus 35B: 161–169.

    Google Scholar 

  • Knowles, R., Lean, D.R.S. and Chan, Y.K., 1981, Nitrous oxide concentrations in lakes: variations with depth and time, Limnol. Oceanogr. 26: 855–866.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Knowles, R., 1982, Denitrification, Microbiol. Rev. 46: 43–70.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kroopnick, P.M., 1971, Oxygen and carbon in the oceans and atmosphere: Stable isotope as tracers for consumption, production and circulation models, Ph.D. Thesis, University of California, San Diego.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lacis, A., Hansen, J., Lee, P., Mitchell,T., and Lebedeff, S., 1981, Greenhouse effect of trace gases, 1970–1980, Geophys. Res. Lett. 8: 1035–1038.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lemon, E., and Lemon, D., 1981, Nitrous oxide in fresh waters of the Great Lakes basin., Limnol. Oceanogr., 26: 867–879.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Letey, J., Hadas, A., Valoras, N., and Focht, D.D., 1980a, Effect of preincubation treatments on the ratio of N20/N2 evolution, J. Environ. Qual., 9: 232–235.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Letey, J., Jury, W.A., Hadas, A., and Valoras, N., 1980b, Gas diffusion as a factor in laboratory incubation studies on denitrification, J. Environ. Qual. 9: 223–227.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Letey, J., Valoras, N., Hadas, A., and Focht, D.D., 1980c, Effect of air-filled porosity, nitrate concentration and time on the ratio of N20/N2 evolution during denitrification, J. Environ. Qual. 9: 227–231.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lipschultz, F., Zafiriou, O.C., Wofsy, S.C., McElroy, M.B., Valois, F.W., and Watson, S.W., 1981, Production of NO and N20 by soil nitrifying bacteria, Nature. 294: 641–643.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Livingston, G.P., Vitousek, P.M., and Matson, P.M., 1988, Nitrous oxide flux and nitrogen transformations across a landscape gradient in Amazonia, J. Geophys. Res. 93: 1593–1599.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Loirat, H., Caralap, F., Forst, W., and Schoenberger, C., 1985, Thermal unimolecular decomposition of nitrous oxide at low pressures, J. Phys. Chem. 89: 4586–4591.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mariotti, A., Germon, J.C., Hubert, P., Kaiser, P., Letolle, R., Tradieux, A., and Tradieus, P., 1981. Experimental determination of nitrogen kinetic isotope fractionations: Some principles; illustration for the denitrification and nitrification processes, Plant Soil 62: 413–430.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mariotti, A., Germon, J.C., and Leclerc, A., 1982, Nitrogen isotope fractionation associated with the NO2-–N2O step of denitrification in soils, Can. J. Soil Sci., 62: 227–241.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • McCarthy, J.J., Kaplan, W.A., and Nevins, J.L., 1984, Chesapeake Bay nutrient and plankton dynamics. 2. Sources and sinks of nitrite, Limnol. Oceanogr. 29: 84–98.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • McElroy, M.B., and McConnel, J.C., 1971, Nitrous oxide: A natural source of stratospheric NO, J. Atmos. Sci. 28: 1095–1098.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • McElroy, M.B., Elkins, J.W., Wofsy, S.C., Kolb, C.E., Duran, A.P., And Kaplan, W.A., 1978. Production and release of N20 from the Potomac Estuary, Limnol. Oceanogr., 23: 1168–1182.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • McElroy, M.B., and Wofsy, S.C., 1986, Tropical forests: Interactions with the atmosphere, In: “Tropical Rain Forests and World Atmosphere,” G.T. Prance, ed., pp. 33–61, Advancement of Science, Selected Symposium 1001“, Washington D.C.

    Google Scholar 

  • McKenney, D.J., Shuttleworth, K.F., and Findlay, W.I., 1980, Nitrous oxide evolution rates from fertilized soils: Effects of applied nitrogen, Can. J. Soil Sci., 60: 429–438.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Melillo, J.M., Aber, J.D., Steudler, P.A., and Schimel, J.P., 1983, Denitrification potentials in a successional sequence of northern hardwood forest stands, In: “Environmental Biogeochemistry”, Ecol. Bull., 35,“ R. Hallberg, ed., pp 217–228. SCOPE.

    Google Scholar 

  • Moraghan, J.T., and Buresh, R.J., 1977, Chemical reduction of nitrite and nitrous oxide by ferrous ion, Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 41: 47–50.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mosier, A.R., and Hutchinson, G.L., 1981, Nitrous oxide emission from cropped fields, J. Environ. Qual. 10: 169–173.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mosier, A.R., Stillwell, M., Parton, W.J., and Woodmansee, R.G., 1981, Nitrous oxide emissions from a native shortgrass prairie, Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 45: 617–627.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mosier, A.R., Parton, W.J., and Hutchinson, G.L., 1983, Modelling nitrous oxide evolution from cropped and native soils, In: “Environmental Biogeochemistry”, Ecol. Bull. (Stockholm) 35, R. Hallberg, ed., pp 229–241.

    Google Scholar 

  • Muzio, L.J., Kramlich, J.C., 1988, An artifact in the measurement of N2O from combustion sources, Geophys. Res. Lett. 15: 1369–1372.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Muzio, L.J., Teague, M.E., Kramlich, J.C., Cole, J.A., McCarthy, J.M., and Lyon, R.K., 1989, Errors in grab sample measurements of N20 from combustion sources, J. Air Poll. Cont. Assoc. 39: 287–293.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nishio, T., Koike, I., Hattori, A., 1983, Estimates of denitrification and denitrification in coastal and estuarine sediments, Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 45: 444–450.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Payne, W.J., 1981, Denitrification, 214 pp. John Wiley, New York. Pearman, G.I., Etheridge, D., de Silva, F., and Fraser, P.J., 1986, Evidence of changing concentrations of atmospheric CO2, N2O and CH4 from air bubbles in Antarctic ice, Nature, 320: 248–250.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pierotti, D., and Rasmussen, R.A., 1976, Combustion as a source of nitrous oxide, Geophys. Res. Lett. 3: 265–267.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pierotti, D. and Rasmussen, R.A., 1980, Nitrous oxide measurements in the eastern tropical Pacific Ocean, Tellus 32: 56–72.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Poth, M., and Focht, D.D., 1985, 15N kinetic analysis of N20 production by Nitrosomonas europaea: an examination of nitrifier denitrification, Appl. Environ. Microbiol, 49: 1134–1141.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rasmussen, R.A., and Khalil, M.A.K., 1986, Atmospheric trace gases: Trends and distributions over the last decade, Science 232: 1623–1624.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Redfield, A.C., 1934, On the proportions of organic derivatives in sea water and their relation to the composition of plankton. pp. 176192. James Johnston Memorial Volume, Liverpool.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rolston, D.E., 1981, Nitrous oxide and nitrogen gas production in fertilizer loss, In: “Denitrification, nitrification, and atmospheric nitrous oxide”, Rolston, D.E., ed, pp. 127–149, John Wiley and Sons.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ronen, D., Magaritz, M., and Almon, E., 1988, Contaminated aquifers are a forgotten component of the global N20 budget, Nature 335: 57–59.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ryden, J.C., 1981, N20 exchange between a grassland and the atmosphere, Nature 292: 235–237.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Seada, M.N.I.A., and Ottow, J.C.G., 1985, Effect of increasing oxygen concentration on total denitrification and nitrous oxide release from soil by different bacteria, Biol. Fert. Soils 1: 31–38.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Seiler, W., and Conrad, R., 1981, Field measurements of natural and fertilizer-induced N20 release rates from soils, J. Air Pollut. Cont. Assoc., 31: 767–772.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Seitzinger, S.P., 1988, Denitrification in freshwater and coastal marine ecosystems: Ecological and geochemical significance, Limnol. Oceanogr. 33: 702–724.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Seitzinger, S.P., and Nixon, S.W., 1985, Eutrophication and the rate of denitrification and N20 production in coastal marine sediments. Limnol. Oceanogr. 30: 1332–1339.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Seitzinger, S.P., Nixon, S.W., and Pilson, M.E.Q., 1984, Denitrification and nitrous oxide production in a coastal marine ecosystem, Limnol. Oceanogr. 29: 73–83.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Seitzinger, S.P., Pilson, M.E.Q., and Nixon, S.W., 1983, Nitrous oxide production in nearshore marine sediments, Science 222: 1244–1245

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sexstone, A.J., Revsbech, N.P., Parkin, T.B., and Tiedje, J.M., 1985, Direct measurement of oxygen profiles and denitrification rates in soil aggregates, Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 49: 645–651.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Slemr, F., Conrad, R., Seiler, W., 1984, Nitrous oxide emissions from fertilized and unfertilized soils in a subtropical region (Andalusia, Spain), J. Atm. Chem. 1: 159–169.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Smith, C.J. and Chalk, P.M., 1980, Fixation and loss of nitrogen during transformations of nitrite in soils, Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 44: 288–291.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Smith, C.J. and Chalk, P.M., 1980, Gaseous nitrogen evolution during nitrification of ammonia fertilizer and nitrite transformations in soils, Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 44: 277–282.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Smith, C.J., DeLaune, R.D., and Patrick, W.H., 1983, Nitrous oxide emission from Gulf Coast wetlands, Geochem. Cosmochim. Acta 47: 1805–1814.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Smith, M.S., and Tiedje, J.M., 1979, Phases of denitrification following oxygen depletion in soil, Soil Biol. Biochem. 11: 261–267.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Smith, M.S., 1982, Dissimilatory reduction of NO2- to NH4’ and N20 by soil Citrobacter sp. applied and Environ. Microbiol. 43: 854860.

    Google Scholar 

  • Smith, M.S., 1983, Nitrous oxide production by Escherichia coli is correlated with nitrate reductase activity, Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 45: 1545–1547.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Smith, M.S., and Zimmerman, K., 1981, Nitrous oxide production by nondenitrifying soil nitrate reducers, Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 45: 865–871.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Vedenina, I.Ya., and Zavarzin, G.A., 1977, Biological removal of nitrous oxide under oxidizing conditions, Mikrobiologiya 46: 898–903.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Vedenina, I.Ya., Miller, Yu.M., Kapustin, 0.A., and Zavarzin, G.A., 1980, Oxidation of nitrous oxide during decomposition of hydrogen peroxide by catalase, Mikrobiologiya 49: 5–8.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Vincent, W.F., Downes, M.T., and Vincent, C.L., 1981, Nitrous oxide cycling in Lake Vanda, Antarctica, Nature 292: 618–620.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wada, E., and Hattori, A., 1989, Nitrogen in the sea; Forms, abundance and rate process, CRC press, in press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wahlen, M. and Yoshinari, T., 1985, Oxygen isotope ratios in N20 from different environments, Nature 313: 780–782.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Weathers, P.J., 1984, N20 evolution by green algae, Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 48: 1251–1253.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Weathers, P.J. and Niedzielski, J.J., 1986, Nitrous oxide production by cyanobacteria, Arch. Microbiol. 146: 204–206.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Weiss, R.F., and Craig, H., 1976, Production of atmospheric nitrous oxide by combustion, Geophys. Res. Lett. 3: 751–753.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Weiss, R.F, 1981, The temporal and spacial distribution of tropospheric nitrous oxide, J. Geophys. Res. 86: 7185–7195.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wissmar, R.C., Lilley, M.D., and deAngelis, M., 1987, Nitrous oxide release from aerobic riverine deposits, J. Freshwater Ecol. 4: 209–218.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wofsy, S.C., McElroy, M.B., and Elkins, J.W., 1981, Transformations of nitrogen in a polluted estuary: Nonlinearities in the demand for oxygen at low flow, Science 213: 754–757.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Yamazaki, T., Yoshida, N., Wada, E., and Matsuo, S., 1987, N20 reduction by Azotobacter vineiandii with emphasis on kinetic nitrogen isotope effects, Plant Cell Physiol. 28: 263–271.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Yoh, M., Terai, H., and Saijo, Y., 1983, Accumulation of nitrous oxide in the oxygen deficient layer of freshwater lakes, Nature 301: 327–329.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Yoshida, N., 1988, 15N-depleted N20 as a product of nitrification, Nature 335: 528–529.

    Google Scholar 

  • Yoshida, N., Hattori, A., Saino, T., Matsuo, S., and Wada, E., 1984, 15N/14N ratio of dissolved N20 in the eastern tropical Pacific Ocean, Nature 307: 442–444.

    Google Scholar 

  • Yoshida, N. and Matsuo, S., 1983, Nitrogen isotope ratio of atmospheric N20 as a key to the global cycle of N20, Geochem. J. 17:231–239. Yoshinani, T., 1976, N20 in the sea, Mar. Chem. 4: 189–202.

    Google Scholar 

  • Yoshinari, T., 1985, Nitrite and nitrous oxide production by Methylosinus trichosporium, Can. J. Microbiol. 31: 139–144.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Yoshinari, T., and Wahlen, M., 1985, Oxygen isotope ratios in N20 from nitrification at a wastewater treatment facility, Nature 317: 349–350.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Wadsworth Center for Laboratories and Research New York State Department of Health, and School of Public Health, State University of New York at Albany, Albany, N.Y., 12201-0509, USA

    Tadashi Yoshinari

Authors
  1. Tadashi Yoshinari
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Ecology and Genetics, University of Aarhus, DK-8000, Århus C, Denmark

    Niels Peter Revsbech

  2. Department of Ecology and Molecular Biology, Section of Microbiology, Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University, Rolighedsvej 21, DK-1958, Frederiksberg C, Copenhagen, Denmark

    Jan Sørensen

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1990 Springer Science+Business Media New York

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Yoshinari, T. (1990). Emissions of N2O from Various Environments — The Use of Stable Isotope Composition of N2O as Tracer for the Studies of N2O Biogeochemical Cycling. In: Revsbech, N.P., Sørensen, J. (eds) Denitrification in Soil and Sediment. Federation of European Microbiological Societies Symposium Series, vol 56. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-9969-9_8

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-9969-9_8

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4757-9971-2

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4757-9969-9

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation