Abstract
The human auditory system is capable of perceiving the direction of a sound source despite reflections off of walls, ceiling and other interfering objects. This phenomenon, the precedence effect, has been previously modeled only for synthetic click stimuli. This paper presents a biologically plausible computer simulation for speech, that combines a cross-correlation model with an onset enhancement scheme. As part of the complete model, a novel onset enhancement method is described and implemented, based on adaptive prediction. The adaptive method is promising in its ability to enhance onsets and reduce the steady state portion of the speech signal. The model can serve as a tool to understand the precedence effect for complex signals and should be advantageous to engineering applications such as preprocessors for speech recognition systems.
This work was done while a M.S. student in Computer Science and Engineering at the University of Florida.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Blauert J. Spatial Hearing + supplement. MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, 1983.
Clarkson R Optimal and Adaptive Signal Processing. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, 1993.
Haas H. The influence of a single echo on the audibility of speech. Acoustica, 1: 49–58, 1951.
Hartman W.M. and Rakerd B. Localization of sound in rooms, 4: The franssen effect. Journal Acoust. Soc. Am., 86: 1366–1373, 1989.
Jeffress L.A. A place theory of sound localization. J. Comp Physiol. Psychol., 61: 468–486, 1947.
Lindenmann W. Extension of a binaural cross-correlation model by contralateral inhibition, part 1 and part 2. Journal Acoust. Soc. Am., 80: 1608–1630, 1986.
Principe J.C., De Vries B., and De Oliveira P.G. The gamma filter-a new class of adaptive iir filters with restricted feedback. IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing, 41: 649–656, 1993.
Rakerd B. and Hartman W.M. Localization of sound in rooms, 3: Onset and duration effects. Journal Acoust. Soc. Am., 80: 1695–1706, 1986.
Schwartz O. Modeling the precedence effect for speech. Master’s thesis, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 1996.
Slaney M. An efficient implementation of the patterson and holdworth auditory filter bank. Apple Technical Report 35, 1993.
Smith L.M. Onset based sound segmentation. Journal of New Music Research, November 1993.
Wallach H., Newman, and Rosenzweig. The precedence effect in sound localization. Amer. J Psychol., 57: 315–336, 1949.
Zurek P. M. Directional Hearing. Springer-Verlag, New York, 1987.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1997 Springer Science+Business Media New York
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Schwartz, O., Harris, J.G., Principe, J.C. (1997). Modeling the Precedence Effect for Speech. In: Bower, J.M. (eds) Computational Neuroscience. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-9800-5_127
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-9800-5_127
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-1-4757-9802-9
Online ISBN: 978-1-4757-9800-5
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive