Advertisement

Interactions of Low-Energy Electrons with Condensed Matter: Relevance for Track Structure

  • R. H. Ritchie
  • R. N. Hamm
  • J. E. Turner
  • W. E. Bolch
Chapter
Part of the Basic Life Sciences book series (BLSC, volume 63)

Abstract

Here we review the state of knowledge about the transport of subexcitation electrons in water. Longitudinal optical phonon and acoustical phonon interactions with an electron added to the system can give rise to an increase in the effective mass of the electron and to its damping. We generalize the pioneering treatment of thermalization given by Frölich and Platzman to apply to both long-range, polarization-type interactions, and as well to short-range interactions of low-energy electrons in water. When an electron is ejected from a molecule in condensed matter quantum interference may take place between the various excitation processes occuring in the medium. We have estimated the magnitude of this interference effect, together with the effect of Coulombic interactions on the thermalization of subexcitation electrons generated in the vicinity of a track of positive ions in water.

Keywords

Liquid Water Phonon Spectrum Coulomb Force Radiation Chemistry Phonon Interaction 
These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in to check access.

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Barker, G.C., Gardner, A.W., and Sammon, D.C., 1966, Photocurrents produced by ultraviolet irradiation of mercury electrodes, J. Electrochem. Soc. 113:1182 Google Scholar
  2. Bolch, W.E., Turner, J.E., Yoshida, H., Jacobson, K. B., Hamm, R.N., Wright, H.A., Ritchie, R.H., and Klots, C.E., 1988, Monte Carlo simulation of indirect damage to biomolecules irradiated in aqueous solution - the radiolysis of glycylglycine, Oak Ridge National Laboratory Technical Report ORNIJTM-10851 Google Scholar
  3. Cohen, M. and J. Lekner, J., 1967, Theory of hot electrons in gases, liquids and solids, Phys. Rev. 158:305 Danjo, A. and Nishimura, H., 1985, Elastic scattering of electrons from H2O molecule, J. Phys. Soc. Japan, 54: 1224Google Scholar
  4. Davis, H.T., Schmidt, L.D., and Minday, R.M., 1971, Kinetic theory of excess electrons in polyatomic gases, liquids, and solids, Phys. Rev. A3: 1027CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  5. Fano, U. and Du, N.-Y., 1991, Dissipative polarization by slow electrons, Appl. Rad. Isot. 42: 975, and references given therein.Google Scholar
  6. Frölich, H., and Platzman, R.L., 1953, Energy loss of moving electrons to dipolar relaxation, Phys. Rev. 92: 1152CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  7. Goulet, T. and Jay-Gerin, J.-P., 1988, Thermalization distances and times for subexcitation electrons in solid water, J. Phys. Cheni. 92: 6871 (1988)Google Scholar
  8. Gras-Marti, A, and Ritchie, R.H., 1985, Charged-particle excitation of ripplon fields, Phys. Rev. B31: 2649CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  9. Hart, E.J., and Platzman, R.L., 1961, Radiation chemistry, in: “Mechanisms in Radiobiology,” A. Forssberg and M. Errera, eds., Academic Press, New York, p. 63Google Scholar
  10. Ibach, H. and Lehwald, S., 1980, The bonding of water molecules to platinum surfaces, Surf. Sci., 91: 187CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  11. Ishii, M. A., Kimura, M. and Inokuti, M. 1990, Electron degradation and yields of initial products. VII. Subexcitation electrons in gaseous and solid H2O, Phys. Rev. A42: 6486CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  12. Itikawa, Y., 1978, Momentum-transfer cress sections for electron collisions with atoms and molecules-revision and supplement, Atomic Data and Nuclear Data Tables, 21: 69CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  13. Kaplan, I.G. and Miterev, A.M., Interaction of charged particles with molecular medium and track effects on radiation chemistry. in: “Advances in Chemical Physics,” I. Prigogine and S.A. Rice, eds., Wiley, New York (1987)Google Scholar
  14. Kestner, N.R., 1987, Theoretical studies of electrons in fluids, in:“The Liquid State and its ElectricalGoogle Scholar
  15. Properties“ E. E. Kunhardt, L. G. Christophorou, and L. H. Luessen, eds., Plenum, New YorkGoogle Scholar
  16. Knipp, P., 1988, Interaction of slow electrons with density fluctuations in condensed materials: calculation of stopping power, Phys. Rev. B37: 12CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  17. Konovalov, V.V., Raitsmiring, A.M., Tsvetkov, Y.D., and Benderskii, V. A., 1985, The thermalization length of low-energy electrons determined by nanosecond photoemission into aqueous electrolyte solutions, Chem. Phys. 93: 163CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  18. Konovalov, V.V., Raitsmiring, A.M., and Tsvetkov, Y.D., 1986, Determination of the thermalization length of low-energy electrons in H2O and D20 solutions by photoelectric emission, High Energy Chem. 18: 1Google Scholar
  19. Kreitus, I.V., Benderskii, V.A., Beskrovnyi, V.M., and Tiliks, Yu.E., 1982, Thermalization length of low energy electrons in concentrated aqueous solutions of electrolytes, Khimiya Vysosokikh Energii 16: 112Google Scholar
  20. LaVerne, J.A., and Mozumder, A., 1984, Energy loss and thermalization of low-energy electrons, Radiat. Phys. Chem. 23: 637CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  21. Lekner, J., 1967, Motion of electrons in liquid argon, Phys. Rev. 158: 130CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  22. Magee, J.L., 1977, Electron energy loss processes at subelectronic excitation energies in liquids, Can. J. Chem. 55: 1847CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  23. Michaud, M. and Sanche, L., 1987a, Total cross sections for slow-electron (1–20 eV) scattering in solid H2O, Phys. Rev. A36: 4672Google Scholar
  24. Michaud, M. and Sanche, L., 1987b, Absolute vibrational excitation cross sections for slow-electron (1–18 eV) scattering in solid H2O, Phys. Rev. A36: 4684CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  25. Michaud, M, 1993, private communication. Mozumder, A., and Magee, J.L., 1967, Theory of radiation chemistry VIII. Ionization of nonpolar liquids by radiation in the absence of external electric fields, J. Chem. Phys. 47: 939Google Scholar
  26. Neff, H., Sass, J.K., Lewerenz, H.J., and Ibach. I., 1980, Photoemission studies of electron localization at very low excess energies, J.Phys. Chem. 84: 1135CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  27. Onsager, L., 1938, Initial recombination of ions, Phys. Rev. 54: 554CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  28. Paretzke, H.G., Turner, J.E., Hamm, R.N., Ritchie, R.H., and Wright, H.A., 1991, Spatial distributions of inelastic events produced by electrons in gaseous and liquid water, Radiation Research 127: 121PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  29. Platzman R.L. 1955, Subexcitation electrons, Rad. Res. 2: 1CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  30. Ritchie, R.H., Hamm, R.N., Turner, J.E., Wright, H.A., and Bolch, W.E., 1990, Radiation interactions and energy transport in the condensed phase, in: “Physical and Chemical Mechanisms in Molecular Radiation Biology,” W. A. Glass and M. N. Varma, eds., J. Wiley, New York.Google Scholar
  31. Rotenberg, Z.A. and Gurevich, Yu.Ya., 1975, Photodiffusion phenomena stimulated by photoelectron emission in solutions, J. Electroanal. Chem. 66: 165CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  32. Samuel, A.H., and Magee, J.L., 1953, Theory of track effects in radiolysis of water, J. Chem. Phys. 21: 1080CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  33. Voltz, R., 1991, Thermalization of subexcitation electrons in dense molecular matter, in: “Excess Electrons in Dielectric Media,” CRC Press, Cleveland, OH, (1991), e.g., and references quoted.Google Scholar

Copyright information

© Springer Science+Business Media New York 1994

Authors and Affiliations

  • R. H. Ritchie
    • 1
    • 2
  • R. N. Hamm
    • 1
  • J. E. Turner
    • 1
    • 2
  • W. E. Bolch
    • 3
  1. 1.Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeUSA
  2. 2.Department of PhysicsUniversity of TennesseeKnoxvilleUSA
  3. 3.College StationTexas A&M UniversityUSA

Personalised recommendations

Cite chapter

Buy options