Abstract
The bleeding time is the time measured with a stopwatch between the making of a small incision in the skin and the moment the bleeding stops. Duke in 1910 was the first to describe, in humans, a bleeding time involving a cut on the fingertip or earlobe. Ivy in 1941 standardized the procedure to the making of a shallow cut with a new knife blade on the ventral surface of the forearm with a sphygmomanometer cuff on the upper arm inflated to 30–40 mm Hg. Mielka et al. (1969) developed a template to standardize the length and depth of the cut. Currently, most bleeding times done in humans involve a perpendicular cut on the cleaned volar surface of the forearm in an area without visible veins. A commercially available template, Simplate (OT), is most frequently used.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Breukind, H. J., Hart, H. C., Arkel, C., Velden, N. A., and Watering, C. C., 1972, Congenital afibrinogenemia in goats, Zentralbi. Veterinaermed. Reihe A 19: 661. 78.
Didisheim, P., and Bunting, D. L., 1964, Canine hemophilia, Thromb. Diath. Haemorrh. 12:377. Lewis, J. H., Spero, J., and Hasiba, U., 1983, A hemophiliac dog colony: Genetic studies and coagulation findings in hemophiliac and normal dogs, Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 75: 147.
Mielka, C. H., Kaneshiro, M. M., Maher, I. A., Weiner, J. M., Rapaport, S. I., 1969, The standardized normal ivy bleeding time and its prolongation by aspirin, Blood 34: 294.
Thiele, G. L., Rempel, W. E., Fass, D. N., Bowie, E. J. W., Stewart, M., and Zoecklein, L., 1986, Inheritance of a new bleeding disease in a herd of swine with Willebrand’s disease, J. Hered. 77: 179.
Suggested Readings
Baillie, A. J., and Sim, A. K., 1971, Activation of the fibrinolytic enzyme system in laboratory animals and man—a comparative study, Thromb. Diath. Haemorrh. 25: 499.
Cliffton, E. E., and Cannamela, D. A., 1951, Variations in proteolytic activity of serum of animals including man, Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. 77: 305.
Hedlin, A. M., Monkhouse, F. C., and Milojevic, S. M., 1972, A comparative study of fibrinolytic activity in human, rat, rabbit and dog blood, Can. J. Physiol. Pharmacol. 50: 11.
Irfan, M., 1968, Fibrinolytic activity in animals of different species, Q. J. Exp. Physiol. 53: 374.
Kowalski, E., Budzynski, A. Z., Kopec, M., Latallo, Z. S., Lipinski, B., and Wegrzynowicz, Z., 1964, Studies on the molecular pathology and pathogenesis of bleeding in severe fibrinolytic states in dogs, Thromb. Diath. Haemorr. 12: 69.
Lewis, J. H., and Wilson, J. H., 1964, Fibrinogen breakdown products, Am. J. Physiol. 207: 1053.
Lewis, J. H., Szeto, I. F., Bayer, W. L., and Curiel, B. C., 1972, Leukofibrinolysis, Blood 40: 844.
Mason, R. G., and Read, M. S., 1971, Some species differences in fibrinolysis and blood coagulation, J. Biomed. Mater. Res. 5: 121.
Todd, A. S., 1964, Localization of fibrinolytic activity in tissues, Br. Med. Bull. 20: 210.
Tsapogas, M. J., and Flute, P. J., 1964, Experimental thrombolysis with streptokinase and urokinase, Br. Med. Bull. 20: 223.
Archer, R. K., 1961, True haemophilia (haemophilia A) in a thoroughbred foal, Vet. Rec. 73: 383.
Archer, R. K., and Allen, B. V., 1972, True haemophilia in horses, Vet. Rec. 85: 655.
Archer, R. K., and Bowden, R. S., 1959, A case of true haemophilia in a Labrador dog, Vet. Rec. 71: 560.
Aufderheid, W. M., Skinner, S. F., and Kaneko, J. J., 1975, Clearance of cryoprecipitated factor VIII in canine hemophilia A, Am. J. Vet. Res. 36: 367.
Sellars, A. R. M., 1969, Hereditary disease in British Antarctic sledge dogs, Vet. Res. 85: 600.
Benn, D. M., 1978, Classic hemophilia A in a family of collies, Can. Vet. J. 19: 221.
Benson, R. E., Bouma, B. N., and Dodds, W. J., 1975, Factor VIII—related antigen in canine hemophilia and von Willebrand’s disease: Variation when measured with different agaroses. Thromb. Res. 7: 383.
Benson, R. E., Catalfamo, J. L., and Dodds, W. J., 1992, A multispecies enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for von Willebrand’s factor, J. Lab. Clin. Med. 119: 420.
Bentino-Smith, J., Roberts, S. J., and Katz, E. M., 1960, A bleeding disease of newborn calves, Cornell Vet. 50: 15.
Bird, R. M., Hampton, J. W., Lain, K. C., Brock, W. E., and Buckner, R. G., 1964, Mild canine hemophilia: Clinical and cytogenetic studies in females, Trans. Am. Clin. Climatol. Assoc. 76: 131.
Bogart, R., and Muhrer, M. E., 1942, The inheritance of a hemophilia-like condition in swine, J. Hered. 33: 59.
Bowie, E. J. W., Owen, C. A., Jr., Zollman, P. E., Thompson, J. H., Jr., and Fass, D. N., 1973, Tests of hemostasis in swine: Normal values in pigs affected with von Willebrand’s disease, Am. J. Vet. Res. 34: 1405.
Bowie, E. J. W., Woods, J. E., Fass, D. N., Zollman, P. E., and Owen, C. A., Jr., 1975, Liver transplantation in pigs with von Willebrand’s disease, Br. J. Haematol. 31: 37.
Bowie, E. J., Fass, D. N., and Owen, C. A., 1980, Hemostatic effect of transfused Willebrand factor in porcine von Willebrand’s disease: Similarities to the human disease, Haemostasis 9: 352.
Bowie, E. J. W., Solberg, L. A., Jr., Fass, D. N., Johnson, C. M., Knutson, G. J., Stewart, M. L., and Zoecklein, L. J., 1986, Transplantation of normal bone marrow into a pig with severe von Willebrand’s disease, J. Clin. Invest. 78: 26.
Brinkhous, K. M., and Graham, J. B., 1950, Hemophilia in the female dog, Science 111. 723.
Brinkhous, K. M., Morrison, F. C., Jr., and Muhrer, M. E., 1952, Comparative study of clotting defects in human, canine, and porcine hemophilia, Fed. Proc. Fed. Am. Soc. Exp. Biol. 11: 409.
Brinkhous, K. M., Davis, P. D., Graham, J. B., and Dodds, W. J., 1973, Expression and linkage of genes for X-linked hemophilias A and B, Blood 41: 577.
Brock, W. E., Buchner, R. G., Hampton, J. W., Bird, R. M., and Wulz, C. E., 1963, Canine hemophilia: Establishment of a new colony, Arch. Pathol. 76: 464.
Brown, R. C., Swanton, M. C., and Brinkhous, K. M., 1963, Canine hemophilia and male pseudohermaphroditism, Lab. Invest. 12: 961.
Brown, R. C., Cole, K. W., Cornell, C. N., and Brinkhous, K. M., 1968, Haemophilia-like disease in swine: Cytogenetic studies, Am. J. Vet. Res. 29: 1491.
Buckner, R. G., Hampton, J. W., Bird, R. M., and Brock, W. E., 1967, Hemophilia in the vizsla, J. Small Anim. Pract. 8: 511.
Capel-Edwards, K., and Hall, D. E., 1968, Factor VII deficiency in the beagle dog, Lab. Anim. 2: 105.
Cook, W. R., 1974, Epistaxis in the racehorse, Equine Vet. J. 6: 45.
Cornell, C. N., Cooper, R. G., Muhrer, M. E., and Garb, S., 1972, Splenectomy and factor VIII response in bleeder swine, Am. J. Phy-siol. 22: 1610.
Cornell, C. N., Cooper, R. G., Muhrer, M. E., and Garb, S., 1972, Effect of plasma and platelet concentrate infusion on factor VIII, platelet adhesiveness, and bleeding time in bleeder swine, Thromb. Diath. Haemorrh. 28: 431.
Cotter, S. M., Brenner, R. M., and Dodds, W. J., 1978, Hemophilia A in three unrelated cats, J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. 172: 166.
Dam, H., 1934, Haemorrhages in chicks reared on artificial diets: A new deficiency disease, Nature (London) 133: 909.
Dodds, W. J., 1966, Familial canine thrombocytopathy, Blood 28: 1013.
Dodds, W. J., 1967, Familial canine thrombocytopathy: Platelets: Their role in hemostasis and thrombosis, Thromb. Diath. Haemorrh. Suppl. 26: 241.
Dodds, W. J., 1968, Current concepts of hereditary coagulation disorders in dogs, Exp. Anim. 1: 243.
Dodds, W. J., 1970, Congenital thrombopathies and related coagulation disorders in dogs, in: Proceedings of “Les mutants pathologiques chez l’animal, leur intérèt dans la recherche bio-médicale” ( M. Sabourdy, ed.), pp. 317–326, CNRS Press, Paris.
Dodds, W. J., 1970, Canine von Willebrand’s disease, J. Lab. Clin. Med. 76: 713.
Dodds, W. J., 1971, Hemorrhagic disorders, in: Current Veterinary Therapy, 4th ed. ( R. W. Kird, ed.), p. 247, W. B. Saunders, Philadelphia.
Dodds, W. J., 1973, Canine factor X (Stuart-Prower factor) deficiency, J. Lab. Clin. Med. 82: 560.
Dodds, W. J., 1974, Hereditary and acquired hemorrhagic disorders in animals, in: Progress in Hemostasis and Thrombosis, Vol. 2 ( T. H. Spaet, ed.), pp. 215–247, Grune and Stratton, New York.
Dodds, W. J., 1975, Further studies in canine von Willebrand’s disease, Blood 45: 221.
Dodds, W. J., 1975, Inherited hemorrhagic disorders, J. Am. Anim. Hosp. Assoc. 11: 366.
Dodds, W. J., and Blaisdell, F. S., 1972, Platelet and fibrinogen survivals in canine von Willebrand’s disease, Program of the 15th Meeting of the American Society of Hematology, Hollywood, FL.
Dodds, W. J., and Kull, J. E., 1971, Canine factor XI (plasma thromboplastin antecedent) deficiency, J. Lab. Clin. Med. 78: 746.
Dodds, W. J., Packham, M. A., Rowsell, H. C., and Mustard, J. F., 1967, Factor VII survival and turnover in dogs, Am. J. Physiol. 213: 36.
Dodds, W. J., Webster, W. P., Brinkhous, K. M., Owen, C. A., Jr., and Bowie, E. J. W., 1975, Porcine and canine von Willebrand’s disease, in: Handbook of Hemophilia ( K. M. Brinkhous and H. C. Hemker, eds.), pp. 140–147, Excerpta Medica, Amsterdam.
Fass, D. N., Didisheim, P., Lewis, J. C., and Grabowski, E. F., 1976, Adhesion of porcine von Willebrand (VWD) platelets, Circ. Suppl. 54: 116 (abstract).
Fass, D. N., Knutson, G. J., and Bowie, E. J. W., 1978, Porcine Willebrand factor: A population of multimers, J. Lab. Clin. Med. 91: 307.
Fass, D. N., Bowie, E. J. W., Owen, C. A., Jr., and Zollman, P. E., 1979, Inheritance of porcine von Willebrand’s disease: Study of a kindred of over 700 pigs, Blood 53: 712.
Fay, P. J., Cavallaro, C., Marder, V. J., Pancham, N., Fournel, M. A., and Schroeder, D. D., 1986, Comparison with the in vivo survival of human factor VIII with and without von Willebrand factor in the hemophilic dog, Thromb. Res. 37: 425.
Feldman, B. F., 1981, Coagulopathies in small animals, J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. 179: 559.
Feldman, B. F., and Giacopuzzi, R. L., 1982, Hemophilia A (factor VIII deficiency) in a colt, Equine Pract. 4: 24.
Field, R. A., Rickard, C. G., and Hutt, F. B., 1946, Hemophilia in a family of dogs, Cornell Vet. 36: 283.
Flute, P. T., and Howard, A. N., 1959, Blood coagulation in scorbutic guinea-pigs: A defect in activation by glass contact, Br. J. Haematol. 5: 421.
Foster, V., Bowie, E. J. W., Lewis, J. C., Fass, D. N., Owen, C. A., and Brown, A. L., 1978
Resistance to arteriosclerosis in pigs with von Willebrand’s disease, J. Clin. Invest. 61:722.
Garner, R., Hermoso-Perez, C., and Conning, D. M., 1967, Factor VII deficiency in beagle dog plasma and its use in the assay of human factor VII, Nature (London) 216: 1130.
Gentry, P. A., 1977, Diagnosis of classic hemophilia A in a standard poodle, Can. Vet. J. 18: 79.
Gentry, P. A., Crane, S., and Lotz, F., 1975, Factor XI (plasma thromboplastin antecedent) deficiency in cattle, J. Can. Vet. Med. Assoc. 16: 160.
Giles, A. R., Tinlin, S., and Greenwood, R., 1982, A canine model of hemophilic (factor VIII:C deficiency) bleeding, Blood 60: 727.
Graham, J. B., and Barrow, E. M., 1957, The pathogenesis of hemophilia, J. Exp. Med. 106: 273.
Graham, J. B., Buckwalter, J. A., Hartley, L. J., and Brinkhous, K. M., 1949, Canine hemophilia: Observations on the course, the clotting anomaly, and the effect of blood transfusions, J. Exp. Med. 90: 97.
Graham, J. B., Collins, D. L., Jr., Godwin, I. D., and Brinkhous, K. M., 1951, Assay of plasma antihemophilic activity in normal heterozygous (hemophilia) and prothrombopenic dogs, Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. 77: 294.
Graham, J. B., Brinkhous, K. M., and Dodds, W. J., 1975, Canine and equine hemophilia, in: Handbook of Hemophilia ( K. M. Brinkhous and H. C. Hemker, eds.), pp. 119–139, Excerpta Medica, Amsterdam.
Green, R. A., and White, F., 1977, Feline factor XII (Hageman) deficiency, Am. J. Vet. Res. 38: 893.
Greenlee, J. C., and Carper, H. A., 1968, Blood coagulation. III. Hemophilia A, Am. J. Vet. Clin. Pathol. 2: 27.
Griggs, T. R., Webster, W. P., Cooper, H. A., Wager, R. W., and Brinkhous, K. M., 1974, Von Willebrand factor: Gene dosage relationships and transfusion response in bleeder swine—a new bioassay, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 71: 2087.
Groth, C. G., Hathaway, W. E., Custafsson, A., Geis, W. P., Putnam, C. W., Bjorken, C., Porter, K. A., and Starzl, T. E., 1974, Correction of coagulation in the hemophilic dog by transplantation of lymphatic tissue, Surgery 75: 725.
Hall, D. E., 1972, Blood Coagulation and Its Disorders in the Dog,Williams and Wilkins, Baltimore.
Hampton, J. W., Buckner, R. G.. Gunn, C. G., Miller, L. R., and Mayes, J. W., 1973, Canine hemophilia in beagles: Genetics, site of factor VIII synthesis and attempts at experimental therapy, in: Proceedings of the VII Congress of the World Federation of Haemophilia, ( F. Ala and K. W. E. Denson, eds.), p. 26, Excerpta Medica, Amsterdam.
Hathaway, W. E., Mull, M. M., Githens, J. H., Groth, C. G., Marchioro, T. L., and Starzl, T. E., 1969, Attempted spleen transplant in classical hemophilia, Transplantation 7: 73.
Hegreberg, G. A., 1975, Animal model: Ehlers–Danlos syndrome in dogs and mink, canine cutaneous asthenia, Am. J. Pathol., 79: 383.
Hegreberg, G. A., Padgett, G. A., and Henson, J. B., 1970, Connective tissue disease of dogs and mink resembling the Ehlers–Danlos syndrome of man, Arch. Pathol. 90: 159.
Hinton, M., and Jones, D. R. E., 1977, A clotting defect in an Arab colt foal, Equine Vet. J. 9: 1.
Hogan, A. G., Muhrer, M. E., and Bogart, R., 1941, A hemophilia-like disease in swine, Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. 48: 217.
Hovig, T., Rowsell, H. C., Dodds, W. J., Jorgensen, L., and Mustard, J. F., 1967, Experimental hemostasis in normal dogs and dogs with congenital disorders of blood coagulation, Blood 30: 636.
Hovig, T., Dodds, W. J., Rowsell, H. C., and Mustard, J. F., 1968, The transformation of hemostatic platelet plugs in normal and factor IX deficient dogs, Am. J. Pathol. 53: 355.
Howard, A. N., and Flute, P. T., 1959, Defective blood coagulation in scorbutic guinea-pigs, Proc. Nutr. Soc. 18: 32.
Howell, J. M., and Lambert, P. S., 1964, A case of haemophilia A in the dog, Vet. Rec. 76: 1103.
Hutchins, D. R., Lepherd, E. E., and Crook, 1. G., 1967, A case of equine hemophilia, Aust. Vet. J. 43: 83.
Hutt, F. B., Rickard, C. G., and Field, R. A., 1948, Sex-linked haemophilia in dogs, J. Hered. 39: 3.
Jones, D. R. E., and Hill, F. W. G., 1974, Suspected thrombasthenia in a Shetland sheepdog, Vet. Rec. 94: 558.
Kammeruran, B., Gmur, J., and Stunzi, H., 1971, Afibrinogenamie Beim Hund, Zentralbl. Veterinaermed. Reihe A 18: 192.
Kaneko, J. J., Cordy, D. R., and Carson, J., 1967, Canine hemophilia resembling classic hemophilia A, J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. 150: 15.
Kier, A. B., Bresnahan, J. F., White, F. J., and Wagner, J. E., 1980, The inheritance pattern of factor XII (Hageman) deficiency in domestic cats, Can. J. Comp. Med. 44: 309.
Kociba, G. J., Ratnoff, O. D., Loeb, W. F., Wall, R. L., and Heider, L. E., 1969, Bovine plasma thromboplastin antecedent (factor XI) deficiency, J. Lab. Clin. Med. 74: 37.
Langdell, R. D., Wagner, R. H., and Brinkhous, K. M., 1955, Antihemophilic factor (AHF) levels following transfusions of blood, plasma, and plasma fractions, Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. 88: 212.
Lewis, E. F., and Holman, H. H., 1951, Haemophilia in a St. Bernard dog, Vet. Rec. 63: 666.
Lewis, J. C., and Bowie, F. J. W., 1978, Ultrastructural studies of platelets of von Willebrand and normal swine, Mayo Clin. Proc. 53: 179.
McKinna, W. R., 1936, Haemophilia, Vet. J. 92: 370.
Merkens, J., 1938, Haemophilie bu honden, Ned.-Ind. Bladen Diergeneeskd. Dierenteelt 50: 149.
Mertz, E. T., 1942, The anomaly of a normal Duke’s and a very prolonged saline bleeding time in swine suffering from an inherited bleeding disease, Am. J. Physiol. 136: 360.
Muhrer, M. E., Hogan, A. G., and Bogart, R., 1942, A defect in the coagulation mechanism of swine blood, Am. J. Physiol. 136: 355.
Muhrer, M. E., Lechler, E., Cornell, C. N., and Kirkland, J. L., 1965, Antihemophilic factor levels in bleeder swine following infusions of plasma and serum, Am. J. Physiol. 208: 508.
Mustard, J. F., Rowsell, H. C., Robinson, G. A., Hoeksema, T. D., and Downie, H. G., 1960, Canine haemophilia B (Christmas disease), Br. J. Haematol. 6: 259.
Mustard, J. F., Basser, W., Hedgardt, G., Secord, D., Rowsell, H. C., and Downie, H. G., 1962, A comparison of the effect of serum and plasma transfusions on the clotting defect in canine haemophilia B, Br. J. Haematol. 8: 36.
Mustard, J. F., Secord, D., Hoeksema, T. D., Downie, H. G., and Rowsell, H. C., 1962, Canine factor VII deficiency, Br. J. Haematol. 8: 43.
Myers, L. J., Pierce, K. R., Gowing, G. M., and Leonpacker, R. J., 1972, Hemorrhagic diathesis resembling pseudohaemophilia in a dog, J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. 161: 1028.
Nichols, T. C., Bellinger, D. A., Reddick, R. L., Read, M. S., Koch, G. G., Brinkhous, K. M., and Griggs, T. R., 1991, Role of von Willebrand factor in arterial thrombosis: Studies in normal and von Willebrand disease pigs, Circulation 83:íV-56.
Norman, J. C., Covelli, V. H., and Sise, H. S., 1968, Transplantation of the spleen: Experimental cure of hemophilia, Surgery 64: 1.
Nossel, H., Archer, R. K., and MacFarlaine, R. G., 1962, Equine haemophilia: Report of a case and its response to multiple transfusions of hetrospecific AHG, Br. J. Haematol. 8: 355.
Osbaldiston, G. W., 1974, Hemophilia in the cat, Bull. Am. Soc. Vet. Clin. Pathol. 3: 64.
Osweiler, G. D., Prankratz, D. C., Prasse, K. W., Stahr, H. M., and Buck, W. B., 1970, Porcine hemorrhagic disease, Mod. Vet. Pract. 51: 35.
Owen, C. A., Jr., Bowie, E. J. W., Zollman, P. E., Fass, D. N., and Gordon, H., 1974, Carrier of porcine von Willebrand’s disease, Am. J. Vet. Res. 35: 245.
Parks, B. J., Brinkhous, K. M., Harris, P. F., and Penick, G. D., 1969, Laboratory detection of female carriers of canine hemophilia, Thromb. Diath. Haemorrh. 12: 368.
Poller, L., Thomson, J. M., Sear, C. H. J., and Thomas, W., 1971, Identification of a congenital defect of factor VII in a colony of beagle dogs: The clinical use of the plasma, J. Clin. Pathol. 24: 626.
Reddick, R. L., Griggs, T. R., Lamb, M. A., and Brinkhous, K. M., 1982, Platelet adhesion to damaged coronary arteries: Comparison of normal and von Willebrand diseased swine, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 79: 5076.
Rowsell, H. C., 1963, Hemorrhagic disorders in dogs: Their recognition, treatment and importance, in: The Newer Knowledge about Dogs, Twelfth Gaines Veterinary Symposium, p. 9.
Rowsell, H. C., Downie, H. G., Mustard, J. F., Leeson, J. E., and Archibald, J. A., 1960, A disorder resembling hemophilia B (Christmas disease) in dogs, J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. 137: 347.
Sanger, V. L., Mairs, R. E., and Trapp, A. L., 1964, Haemophilia in a foal, J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. 144: 259.
Saunders, C. N., Kinch, D. A., and Imlah, P., 1966, Thrombocytopenic purpura in pigs, Vet. Rec. 79: 549.
Sawada, Y., Fass, D. N., Katzmann, J. A., Bahn, R. C., and Bowie, E. J. W., 1986, Hemostatic plug formation in normal and von Willegrand pigs: The effect of the administration of cryoprecipitate and a monoclonal antibody to Willebrand factor, Blood 67: 1229.
Schofield, F. W., 1924, Damaged sweet clover: The cause of a new disease in cattle simulating haemorrhagic septicaemia and blackleg, J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. 64: 553.
Sharp, A. A., and Dike, G. W. R., 1963, Haemophilia in the dog: Treatment with heterologous anti-haemophilic globulin, Thromb. Diath. Haemorrh. 10: 494.
Sherwood, L., Schmidt, D. A., Brett, I. J., and Howard, D. L., 1966, Canine hemophilia due to antihemophilic factor deficiency: A case report, Mich. State Univ. Vet. 26: 52.
Slappendahl, R. J., 1975, Hemophilia A and B in a family of French bulldogs, Tijdschr. Diergeneeskd. 100: 1075.
Spurling, N. W., Burton, L. K., Peacock, R., and Pilling, T., 1972, Hereditary factor VII deficiency in the beagle, Br. J. Haematol. 23: 59.
Spurling, N. W., Burton, L. K., and Pilling, T., 1974, Canine factor-VII deficiency: Experience with a modified thrombotest method in distinguishing between the genotypes, Res. Vet. Sci. 16: 228.
Spurling, N. W., Peacock, R., and Pilling, T., 1974, The clinical aspects of canine factor-VII deficiency including some case histories, J. Small Anim. Pract. 15: 229.
Storb, R., Marchioro, T. L., Graham, M. W., Hougie, C., and Thomas, E. D., 1972, Canine hemophilia and hemopoietic grafting, Blood 40: 234.
Stormorken, H., Egeberg, O., and Austad, R., 1965, Haemophilia A in Samoyed dog, Scand. J. Haematol. 2: 174.
Stuart, M. J., 1975, Inherited defects of platelet function, Semin. Hematol. 12: 233.
Swanton, M. C., 1959, Hemophilic arthropathy in dogs, Lab. Invest. 8: 1269.
Taskin, J., 1935, Un cas grave d’hémophylie chez une chienne, Bull. Acad. Vet. Fr. 8: 595.
Tschopp, T. B., and Zucker, M. B., 1972, Hereditary defect in platelet function in rats, Blood 40: 217.
Veltkamp, J. J., Asfaou, E., van de Torren, K., van der Does, J. A., van Tilburg, N. H., and Pauwels, E. K. J., 1974, Extrahepatic factor VIII synthesis: Lung transplants in hemophilic dogs, Transplantation 18: 56.
Wagner, R. H., Langdell, R. D., Richardson, B. A., Farrell, R. A., and Brinkhous, K. M., 1957, Antihemophilic factor (AHF): Plasma levels after administration of AHF preparations to hemophilic dogs, Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. 96: 152.
Weaver, R. A., Price, R. E., and Langdell, R. D., 1964, Antihemophilic factor in cross-circulated normal and hemophilic dogs, Am. J. Physiol. 206: 335.
Webster, W. P., Penick, G. D., Peacock, E. E., and Brinkhous, K. M., 1967, Allotransplantation of spleen in hemophilia, N. C. Med. J. 28: 505.
Webster, W. P., Mandel, S. R., Reddick, R. L., Wagner, J. L., and Penick, G. D., 1974, Orthotopic liver transplantation in canine hemophilia B, Am. J. Physiol. 226: 496.
Webster, W. P., Dodds, W. J., Mandel, S. R., and Penick, G. D., 1975, Biosynthesis of factors VIII and IX: Organ transplantation and perfusion studies, in: Handbook of Hemophilia ( K. M. Brinkhous and H. C. Hemker, eds.), pp. 149–164, Excerpta Medica, Amsterdam.
White, J. M., and Holm, G. C., 1965, Colony of hemophilic dogs, Science 150: 1766.
Wurzel, H. A., and Lawrence, W. C., 1961, Canine hemophilia, Thromb. Diath. Haemorrh. 6: 98.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1996 Springer Science+Business Media New York
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Lewis, J.H. (1996). Comparative Hemostasis. In: Comparative Hemostasis in Vertebrates. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-9768-8_27
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-9768-8_27
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-1-4757-9770-1
Online ISBN: 978-1-4757-9768-8
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive