Abstract
Many sessile actinians have a pedal disk which is concerned alternately with adhesion and with locomotion (Stephenson, 1928; Batham and Pantin, 1951). This paper is about the effector mechanisms involved.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Batham, E. J. and Pantin, C. F. A., 1951. The organization of the muscular system of Metridrum senile. Quart. J. micr. Sci., 92: 27–54.
Carlgren, O., 1893. Studien über Nordische Actinien I. Kongl. Sv. Vet. Akad. Handl. Stockholm, 25: 23–36.
Crawford, R. J. and Chia, F.-S., 1974. Fine structure of the mucous cell in the sea pen, Ptilosarcus guerneyi, with special emphasis on the possible role of microfilaments in the control of mucus release. Can. J. Zool., 52: 1427–1432.
Cutress, C. E. and Ross, D. M., 1969. The sea anemone Calliactis tricolor and its association with the hermit crab Dardanus venosus. J. Zool., 158: 225–241.
Edmunds, M., Potts, G. W., Swinfen, R. C. and Waters, V. L., 1976. Defensive behaviour of sea anemones in response to predation by the opisthobranch mollusc Aeolidia papillosa (L.). J. mar. biol. Ass. U. K., 56: 65–83.
Ellis, V. L., Ross, D. M. and Sutton, L., 1969. The pedal disc of the swimming sea anemone Stomphia coccinea during detachment, swimming, and resettlement. Can. J. Zool. 47: 333–342.
Grimstone, A. V. and Skaer, R. J., 1972. A guide book to microscopical methods. University Press, Cambridge.
Hertwig, O. and Hertwig, R. 1879. Studien zür Blättertheorie. Heft 1. Die Aktinien. G. Fischer, Jena.
Mooseker, S. and Tilney, L. G., 1975. Organization of an actin filament-membrane complex. J. Cell. Biol., 67: 725–743.
McFarlane, I. D., 1969. Coordination of pedal-disk detachment in the sea anemone Calliactis parasitica. J. exp. Biol., 51. 387–396
McFarlane, I. D., 1975. Control of mouth opening and pharynx protrusion during feeding in the sea anemone Calliactis parasitica. J. exp. Biol. 63: 615–626.
Pantin, C. F. A., 1952. The elementary nervous system. Proc. Roy. Soc. B, 140: 147–168.
Parker, G. H., 1917. Pedal locomotion in actinians. J. exp. Zool., 22: 111–124.
Robson, E. A., 1961. Some observations on the swimming behaviour of the anemone Stomphia coccinea. J. exp. Biol., 38: 343–363.
Robson, E. A., 1965. Some aspects of the structure of the nervous system in the anemone Calliactis. Am. Zool., 5: 403–410.
Robson, E. A., 1971. The behaviour and neuromuscular system of Gonactinia prolifera, a swimming sea-anemone. J. exp. Biol., 5: 611–640.
Ross, D. M., 1974. Behaviour patterns in associations and interactions with other animals. Pages 281–312 in L. Muscatine and H. M. Lenhoff, Eds., Coelenterate Biology. Academic Press, New York.
Ross, D. M. and Sutton, L. 1961. The response of the sea anemone Calliactis parasitica to shells of the hermit crab Pagurus bernhardus. Proc. Roy. Soc. B, 155: 266–281.
Stephenson, T. A., 1928. The British sea anemones. Vol.1. Ray Society, London.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1976 Springer Science+Business Media New York
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Robson, E.A. (1976). Locomotion in Sea Anemones: The Pedal Disk. In: Mackie, G.O. (eds) Coelenterate Ecology and Behavior. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-9724-4_50
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-9724-4_50
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-1-4757-9726-8
Online ISBN: 978-1-4757-9724-4
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive