Abstract
Evolutionary processes in ctenophores cannot be investigated on the basis of fossils. Circumstantial evidence only can provide us with an insight into the history of this phylum. Such evidence may be the presence or absence of true larvae; they are missing in the orders Cydippida, and Beroida while the other three orders Lobata, Cestida, and Platyctenida have cydippid larvae at least as an embryonic stage (Dunlap Pianka, 1974). Therefore Cydippida and Beroida are assumed to be more primitive. Other circumstantial evidence is the missing tentacles in the order Beroida, which in combination with the above mentioned direct development, suggests that this taxon originates from common ancestors with early cydippid forms. From these were derived the order Cydippida and the three orders with cydippid larvae.
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Greve, W., Stockner, J., Fulton, J. (1976). Towards a Theory of Speciation in Beroe. In: Mackie, G.O. (eds) Coelenterate Ecology and Behavior. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-9724-4_27
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-9724-4_27
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