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Solvent Production

  • Chapter
Clostridia

Part of the book series: Biotechnology Handbooks ((BTHA,volume 3))

Abstract

Fermentation processes using anaerobic microorganisms provide a potential route for the conversion of plant biomass and wastes from agriculture and industry to chemical feedstocks and fuels (Wiegel, 1980; Zeikus, 1980; Rogers, 1984). However, only a few industrial fermentation processes exist which utilize single species of anaerobic microorganisms for the production of acids and alcohols. The need to develop novel processes which are efficient and less energy-intensive, and which can compete economically with processes employing chemical synthesis, represents a major challenge for the biotechnology industry. Of the existing industrial fermentation processes, the production of bioethanol has achieved the greatest success and attracted the most attention. The only large-scale industrial fermentation utilizing anaerobic bacteria which has made a significant contribution to the production of chemical feedstocks is the acetone/butanol/ethanol fermentation (ABE fermentation) using Clostridium acetobutylicum strains (Jones and Woods, 1986). The ABE fermentation was the major route used for the production of these solvents during the first part of the century and up until the early 1960s was able to compete successfully with synthetic processes.

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  1. David T. Jones

    Present address: Department of Microbiology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand

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Jones, D.T., Woods, D.R. (1989). Solvent Production. In: Minton, N.P., Clarke, D.J. (eds) Clostridia. Biotechnology Handbooks, vol 3. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-9718-3_4

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