Skip to main content

Positron Emitting Radiotracers for in Vivo Plant Research

  • Chapter
  • 155 Accesses

Abstract

Physiological studies in plants have been carried out to determine certain metabolic pathways along with mode of transport of major nutrients in various species. The question whether photosynthesis or translocation controls carbon partitioning and hence productivity is of great agronomic importance, because many efforts are directed at selecting plant varieties with high rates of photosynthesis via genetic engineering and/or selective breeding (1). Concepts were introduced and verified on engineering the photosynthetic productivity and carbon dioxide involvement (2). As well, nitrogen abundance and deficiency were studied (3). Studies on such physiological parameters in plants advanced greatly because of the introduction of tracer methodology including nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), using 14N-NMR (4), stable isotopes such as 15N with mass spectrometry (5) or radioactive isotopes with radiation detection (6). By use of short-lived positron emitting isotopes, such as 11C and 13N, coupled with time-dependent and steady-state compartmental kinetic models, such dynamic biophysical plant problems are being unravelled.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Buying options

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   169.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD   219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Y. Fares, J.D. Goeschl, A.M. Emran, M.C. Drew, C.E. McKinney, R.L. Musser, B.R. Strain and C.H. Jaeger, “Positron Emitters for In Vivo Plant Research,” Proceedings of the American Chemical Society 206th. National Meeting, Chicago, Illinois, August (1993).

    Google Scholar 

  2. D.W. DeMichele, P.J.H. Sharpe, J.D. Goeschl, “Toward the Engineering of Photosynthetic Productivity”, CRC Critical Reviews in Bioengineering (1978).

    Google Scholar 

  3. R.B. Lee and K.A. Rudge, “Effects of Nitrogen Deficiency on the Absorption of Nitrate and Ammonium by Barley Plants”, Annals of Botany, 57: 471–486 (1986).

    Google Scholar 

  4. P.S. Belton, R.B. Lee, and R.G. Ratcliffe, “A 14N Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Study of Inorganic Nirogen Metabolism in Barley, Maize, and Pea Roots”, Journal of Experimental Botany, 36, (163): 190–210 (1985).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. 5. M. Grusak, Use of the Stable Isotope 15N with Mass Spectrometry to Study the Formation of Proteins in Soy Beans, Children’s Nutrition Research Center, Houston, Texas (1994).

    Google Scholar 

  6. C. Marshall and G.R. Sagar, The Distribution of Assimilates in Lolium Multiform LA.M. Following Different Differential Defoliation, Ann Bot., 32: 715–719 (1968).

    Google Scholar 

  7. Y. Fares, D.W. DeMichele, J.D. Goeschl, and D.A Baltuskonis, “Continuously Produced, High Specific Activity 11C for Studies of Photosynthesis, Transport and Metabolism”, Intern. J. Appl. Radiat, and Isot., 29: 431–441, 1978.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. C.E. Magnuson, Y. Fares, J.D. Goeschl, C.E. Nelson, B.R. Strain, C.H. Jaeger, and E.G. Bilpuch, “An Integrated Tracer Kinetics System For Studying Carbon Uptake and Allocation in Plants Using Continuously Produced CO2”, Radiation Environmental Biophysics, 21: 51–65 (1982).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. J.D. Goeschl, C.E. Magnuson, Y. Fares, C.H. Jaeger, C.E. Nelson, and B.R. Strain, “Spontaneous and Induced Blocking and Unblocking of Phloem Transport”, Plant, Cell and Environment, 7: 607–613 (1984).

    Google Scholar 

  10. J.M. Welker, E.J. Rykiel Jr., D.D. Briske, and J.D. Goeschl, “Carbon Import Among Vegetative Tillers Within Two Bunchgrasses: Assessment With Carbon-11 Labelling”, Oecologia, 67: 209–212 (1985).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. A.M. Emran, T.E. Boothe, R.D. Finn, M.M. Vora, P.J. Kothari, and J.T. Wooten: “Optimized Production of High Specific Activity [11C]-Urea,” Int. J. Appl. Radiat. Isot., 36: 739 (1985).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. A.M. Emran, L.A. Bolomey, R.S. Tilbury, and M.C. Drew, “Continuous Flow System for Production of 13N-Labelled Tracers to Study Nitrogen Transport and Metabolism”, Proceedings of the 198th ACS National Meeting, Miami, Florida, September (1989).

    Google Scholar 

  13. J.M. Tiedje, R.B. Firestone, M.K. Firestone, M.R. Betlach, M.S. Smith, and W.H. Caskey, “Methods For the Production and Use of Nitrogen-13 in Studies of Denitrification”, Soil Science Society American Journal, 43: 709 (1979).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. D.J. Hole, A.M. Emran, Y. Fares, and M.C. Drew, “Induction of Nitrate in Maize Roots, and Kinetics of Influx, Measured with Nitrogen-13”, Plant Physiology, 93: 642 (1990).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. D.J. Hole, A. M. Emran, Y. Fares and M.C. Drew, Kinetics of the Influx of Ammonium ions in Maize roots measured with Nitrogen-13, work in preparation.

    Google Scholar 

  16. A.M. Emran, “Synthesis of 13N and/or 11C Single or Doubly labelled Urea”, Proceedings of the 197th ACS National Meeting, Dallas, Texas, April (1989).

    Google Scholar 

  17. Richard M. Lambrecht and M. Sajjad, “Radiochemistry of Carbon, Nitrogen and Oxygen”, Nuclear Science Series, NAS-NS 3019, Office of Scientific and Technical Information, U.S. Department of Energy, Washington, D.C (1988).

    Google Scholar 

  18. A.M. Emran, T.E. Boothe, R.D. Finn, M.M. Vora, and P.J. Kothari, “Use of liquid chromatography for separation and determination of carrier species associated with the synthesis of no-carrier-added [11C]-labelled compounds: Determination of the specific activity of [11C]-urea,” J. Radioanalyt. and Nucl. Chem., 91: 277 (1985).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. D. Roeda, C. Crouzel, P.J. Van Der Jagt, B. Van Zanten, and D. Couman, Int. J. Appl. Radiat. Isot. 31:549 (1980).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. T.E. Boothe, R.D. Finn, P.J. Kothari, and A.M. Emran, “On Line Preparation of [11C]-Carbon Dioxide from [11C]-Cyanide,” Appl. Radiat. Isot, 39: 81 (1988).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. D. Roeda and G. Westera, Int. J. Radiation Isot. 32: 931 (1981).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. A.M. Emran, T.E. Boothe, R.D. Finn, M.M. Vora, and P.J. Kothari, “Preparation of [11C]-Urea from No-Carrier-Added [11C]-Cyanide,” Int. J. Appl. Radiat. Isot, 34 (7): 1013 (1983).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Table of Isotopes, Radiological Health Handbook, U.S. Department of Health, Education and Welfare, Public Health Services (1970).

    Google Scholar 

  24. R.S. Tilbury and J.R. Dahl, Radiation Research 79: 22 (1979).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. R.S. Tilbury and A.M. Emran, “13N-Labelled Tracers: Synthesis and Applications”, in “Proceedings of the ACS International Symposium on New Trends in Radiopharmaceutical Synthesis, Quality Assurance and Regulatory Control”, A.M. Emran, Ed, Plenum Press, N.Y. (1991).

    Google Scholar 

  26. R. Gersberg, K. Krohn, N. Peek, and C.R. Goldman, Science, 192: 1229 (1976).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. M.W. McElfresh, J.C. Meeks, and N.J. Parks, J. Radioanalyt. Chem. 53: 337 (1979).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. W. Vaalburg, J.A.A. Kamphuis, H.D. Deeding-Van Der Molen, Int. J. Appl. Radiat. Isot, 26: 316 (1975).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. A.M. Emran and M.M. Vora, R.D. Finn, S.T. Carroll, T.E. Boothe, and PJ. Kothari, Synthesis of [13N]-Labelled Diphenylhydantoin Radiopharmaceutical, Proceedings of the American Pharmaceutical Association National Meeting, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, October 28- November 1 (1984).

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1995 Springer Science+Business Media New York

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Emran, A.M., Fares, Y., Goeschl, J.D., Drew, M.C. (1995). Positron Emitting Radiotracers for in Vivo Plant Research. In: Emran, A.M. (eds) Chemists’ Views of Imaging Centers. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-9670-4_31

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-9670-4_31

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4757-9672-8

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4757-9670-4

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics