Abstract
The issue of parental violence toward children became part of our general social and scientific consciousness over 25 years ago. In a classic paper by Kempe, Silverman, Steele, Droegemueller, and Silver (1962), a group of physicians coined the term the battered child syndrome. This work was a result of awareness by these physicians of evidence of repeated multiple bone fractures that were appearing in the X rays of a substantial number of children. Their chief purpose in writing the article was to alert other physicians to the problem in order to facilitate the detection of abuse. Much of the article, as a result, is devoted to detailed descriptions of the syndrome. For example, physicians were warned to suspect the presence of the syndrome in any child showing outward evidence of neglect, contusions to internal organs, soft-tissue swelling or skin bruising, evidence of past or present bone fracture, or clinical symptoms that appear at odds with the mother’s description of the child’s injury.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Ariès, P. (1970). Centuries of childhood: A social history of family life. New York: Knopf.
Belsky, J. (1978). Three theoretical models of child abuse: A critical review. Child Abuse and Neglect, 2, 37–49.
Belsky, J. (1980). Child maltreatment: An ecological integration. American Psychologist, 35, 320–335.
Bigelow, R. (1969). The dawn warriors: Man’s evolution toward peace. Boston: Little, Brown.
Bijou, S. W., & Baer, D. M. (1961). Child development, Vol. 1: A systematic and empirical theory. New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts.
Bolton, F. G., Jr. (1983). When bonding fails: Clinical assessment of high-risk families. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.
Bousha, D. M., & Twentyman, C. T. (1984). Mother-child interactional style in abuse, neglect, and control groups: Naturalistic observations in the home. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 93, 106–114.
Bowlby, J. (1951). Maternal care and mental health. World Health Organization Bulletin, 3, 355–534.
Bronfenbrenner, U. (1977). Toward an experimental ecology of human development. American Psychologist, 32, 513–531.
Burgess, R. L. (1979). Child abuse: A social interactional analysis. In B. B. Lahey & A. E. Kazdin (Eds.), Advances in clinical child psychology. New York: Plenum.
Burgess, R. L., & Conger, R. D. (1978). Family interaction in abusive, neglectful, and normal families. Child Development, 49, 1163–1173.
Burgess, R. L., & Draper, P. (1989). The explanation of family violence: The role of biological, behavioral, and cultural selection. In L. Ohlin & M. Tonry (Eds.), Family violence. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Burgess, R. L., Anderson, E. A., Schellenbach, C. J., & Conger, R. (1981). A social interactional approach to the study of abusive families. In J. P. Vincent (Ed.), Advances in family intervention, assessment, and theory: An annual compilation of research. New York: Columbia University Press.
Burgess, R. L., & Richardson, R. A. (1984). Coercive interpersonal contingencies of reinforcement as a determinant of child abuse: Implications for treatment and prevention. In R. F. Dangel & R. A. Polster (Eds.), Behavioral parent training: Issues in research and practice. New York: Guilford Press.
Burgess R. L., & Youngblade, L. M. (1988). Social incompetence and the intergenerational transmission of abusive parental practices. In R. Gelles, G. Hotaling, D. Finkelhor, & M. Straus (Eds.), Family abuse and its consequences: New directions in family violence research. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.
Burgess, R. L., Garbarino, J., & Gilstrap, B. (1983). Violence to the family. In E. J. Callahan & K. McCluskey (Eds.), Life span developmental psychology: Non-normative life events. New York: Academic Press.
Cassidy, C. M. (1980). Benign neglect and toddler malnutrition: Social and biological predictors of nutritional status, physical growth, and neurological development. New York: Academic Press.
Cheney, D., Seyfarth, R., & Smuts, B. (1986). Social relationships and social cognition of nonhuman primates. Science, 234, 1361–1366.
Cuthbertson, D. P. (1967). Feeding patterns and nutrient utilization: Chairman’s remarks. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society, 26, 143–144.
Daly, M., & Wilson, M. I. (1980). Abuse and neglect of children in evolutionary perspective. In R. D. Alexander & D. W. Tinkle (Eds.), Natural selection and social behavior. New York: Chiron.
Daly, M., & Wilson, M. I. (1983). Sex, education, and behavior. North Scituate, MA: Duxbury.
Dawkins, R. (1976). The selfish gene. London: Oxford University Press.
DeMause, L. (1974). The evolution of childhood. In L. DeMause (Ed.), The history of childhood. New York: Psychohistory Press.
DeVore, I. (1963). Mother-infant relations in free-ranging baboons. In H. L. Rheingold (Ed.), Maternal behavior in mammals. New York: Wiley.
Dickemann, M. (1979). Female infanticide, reproductive strategies, and social stratification: A preliminary model. In N. Chagnon & W. Irons (Eds.), Evolutionary biology and human social behavior. North Scituate, MA: Duxbury.
Draper, P., & Harpending, H. (1982). Father absence and reproductive strategy: An evolutionary perspective. Journal of Anthropological Research, 38, 255–273.
Draper, P., & Harpending, H. (1987). Parent investment and the child’s environment. In J. Lancaster, A. Rossi, J. Altmann, & L. Sherrod (Eds.), Biological perspectives on human parenting. New York: Aldine DeGruyzer.
Draper, P., & Harpending, H. (1988). A sociobiological perspective on the development of human reproductive strategies. In K. B. MacDonald (Ed.), Sociobiological perspectives on human development. New York: Springer-Verlag.
Dumas, J. E., & Wahler, R. G. (1985). Indiscriminate mothering as a contextual factor in aggressive-oppositional child behavior. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 13, 1–17.
Erlich, R. S. (1966). Family in transition: A study of 300 Yugoslav villages. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
Fischoff, T., Whitton, C. F., & Pettit, M. G. (1971). Psychiatric study of mothers of infants with growth failure secondary to maternal deprivation. Journal of Pediatrics, 79, 209–215.
Fisher, R. A. (1958). The genetical theory of natural selection. New York: Dover.
Frodi, A. M. (1981). Contributions of infant characteristics to child abuse. American Journal of Mental Deficiency, 85, 341–349.
Gallimore, R., Boggs, J., & Jordon, C. (1974). Culture, behavior, and education: A study of Hawaiian-Americans. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.
Garbarino, J. (1977). The human ecology of maltreatment: A conceptual model for research. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 39, 721–735.
Garbarino, J., & Crouter, A. (1978). Defining the community context of parent-child relations: The correlates of child maltreatment. Child Development, 49, 604–616.
Geis, G., & Monahan, J. (1975). The social ecology of violence. In T. Likona (Ed.), Man and mortality. New York: Holt, Rinehart & Winston.
Gelles, R. J. (1973). Child abuse as psychopathology: A sociological critique and reformulation. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 43, 611–621.
Gil, D. G. (1970). Violence against children: Physical abuse in the United States. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
Harpending, H., & Draper, P. (1988). Antisocial behavior and the other side of cultural evolution. In T. E. Moffitt & S. A. Mednick (Eds.), Biological contributions to crime causation. Dordrecht: Martinus Nijhoff Publishers.
Hippler, A. E. (1974). Hunter’s Point: A black ghetto. New York: Basic Books.
Hrdy, S. B. (1979). Infanticide among animals: A review, classification, and examinations of the implications for the reproductive strategies of females. Ethology and Sociobiology, 1, 13–40.
Hrdy, S. B. (1981). The woman that never evolved. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
Johnson, B., & Morse, H. A. (1968). Injured children and their parents. Children, 15, 147–152.
Kempe, C. H., Silverman, F. N., Steele, B. F., Droegemueller, W., & Silver, H. K. (1962). The battered-child syndrome, Journal of the American Medial Association, 181, 17–24.
Kleiman, D. G. (1977). Monogamy in mammals. Quarterly Review of Biology, 52, 39–69.
Kleiman, D. G., & Malcolm, J. R. (1981). Evolution of male parental investment in mammals. In D. J. Gubernick & P. H. Klopfer (Eds.), Parental care in mammals. New York: Plenum.
Kurland, J. A., & Gaulin, S. J. C. (1984). The evolution of male parental investment: Effects of genetic relatedness and feeding ecology on the allocation of reproductive effort. In D. M. Taub (Ed.), Primate paternalism. New York: Van Nostrand.
Langer, W. L. (1972). Checks on population growth: 1750–1850. Scientific American, 226(2), 92–99.
LeBouef, B. J. (1974). Male-male competition and reproductive success in elephant seals. American Zoologist, 14, 163–176.
Levine, R. A., & Levine, B. B. (1963). Nyansongo: A Gusii community in Kenya. In B. B. Whiting (Ed.), Six cultures, studies of child rearing. New York: Wiley.
Linton, R. (1936). The study of man. New York: Appleton-Century.
Maynard-Smith, S. J. (1974). The theory of games and the evolution of animal conflicts. Journal of Theoretical Biology, 47, 209–221.
McKee, L. (1977, April). Differential weaning and the ideology of gender: Implications for Andean sex ratios. Paper read at the seventy-sixth annual meeting of the American Psychological Association, Houston, TX.
McKee, L. (1984). Sex differentials in survivorship and the customary treatment of infants and children. Medical Anthropology, 8(2), 91–108.
Merrill, E. J. (1962). Physical abuse of children: An agency study. In V. De Francis (Ed.), Protecting the battered child. Denver: American Humane Association.
Miller, B. (1981). The endangered sex: Neglect of female children in rural North India. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.
Newman, M. T. (1961). Biological adaptation of man to his environment: Heat, cold, altitude, and nutrition. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 91, 617–633.
Parke, R. D., & Collmer, C. (1975). Child abuse: An interdisciplinary analysis. In M. Hetherington (Ed.), Review of child development research (Vol. 5). Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Parke, R. D., Deur, J. L., & Saivin, M. (1970). The intermittent punishment effect in humans: Conditioning or adaptation? Psychonomic Science, 18, 193–194.
Patterson, G. R. (1979). A performance theory for coercive family interaction. In R. B. Cairns (Ed.), The analysis of social interactions: Methods, issues, and illustrations. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
Patterson, G. R. (1980). Mothers: The unacknowledged victims. Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development, 45(5, Serial No. 186).
Patterson, G. R. (1982a). Coercive family process. Eugene, OR: Castalia.
Patterson, G. R. (1982b). The unattached mother: A process analysis. In W. Hartup & Z. Rubin (Eds.), Social relationships: Their role in children’s development. Harwichport, MA: Harwichport Conference.
Patterson, G. R. (1985). Beyond technology: The next stage in the development of parent training. In L. Abate (Ed.), Handbook of family psychology and psychotherapy. New York: Dow-Jones-Irwin.
Pianka, E. R. (1970). On r-and K-selection. American Naturalist, 104, 592–597.
Pollitt, E. (1973). Behavior of infant in causation of nutritional marasmus. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 26, 264–270.
Preston, S. (1976). Mortality patterns in national populations with special reference to recorded causes of death. New York: Academic Press.
Reid, J. B. (1984). Social-interactional patterns of families of abused and nonabused children. In C. Zahn-Waxier, M. Cummings, & M. Rake-Yarrow, (Eds.), Social and biological origins of altruism and aggression. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Reid, J. B., Taplin, P. S., & Loeber, R. (1981). A social interactional approach to the treatment of abusive families. In R. Stuart (Ed.), Violent behavior: Social learning approaches to prediction, management, and treatment. New York: Brunner/Mazel.
Reid, J. B., Patterson, G. R., & Loeber, R. (1982). The abused child: Victim, instigator, or innocent bystander? In D. J. Bernstein (Ed.), Response structure and organization. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press.
Rohner, R. P. (1975). They love me, they love me not. New Haven, CT: Human Relations Area Files Press.
Rowe, D. C. (in press). An adaptive strategy of crime and delinquency. In D. Hawkins, (Ed.), Theories of crime and delinquency. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.
Sandgrund, A. K., Gaines, R., & Green, A. (1974). Child abuse and mental retardation: A problem of cause and effect. American Journal of Mental Deficiency, 79, 327–330.
Sanjur, D. M., Cranoito, J., Rosales, L., & von Veen, A. (1970). Infant feeding and weaning practices in a rural preindustrial setting: A sociocultural approach. Acta Paediatrica Scandinaviea (Suppl. 200).
Sauer, R. (1978). Infanticide and abortion in nineteenth century Britain. Population Studies, 32(1), 81–93.
Scrimshaw, N. S. (1984). Infanticide in human populations: Societal and individual concerns. In G. Hausfater & S. Hrdy (Eds.), Infanticide: Comparative and evolutionary perspectives. New York: Aldine.
Scrimshaw, N. S., Taylor, C. E., & Gordon, J. E. (1968). Interactions of nutrition and infection. Geneva: World Health Organization Monograph Series 57.
Stark, R., & McEvoy, J., III. (1970). Middle class violence. Psychology Today, 4, 52–65.
Steele, B. F., & Pollock, C. B. (1968). A psychiatric study of parents who abuse infants and small children. In R. E. Helfer & C. H. Kempe (Eds.), The battered child. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Straus, M. A., Gelles, R. J., & Steinmetz, S. K. (1980). Behind closed doors: Violence in the American family. Garden City, NY: Doubleday.
Sussman, G. (1975). The wet-nursing business in nineteenth century France. French Historical Studies, 9(2), 304–328.
Trivers, R. L. (1972). Parental investment and sexual selection. In B. Campbell (Ed.), Sexual selection and the descent of man. Chicago: Aldine.
Trivers, R. L. (1974). Parent-offspring conflict. American Zoologist, 14, 244–264.
Trivers, R. L. (1985). Social evolution. Menlo Park, CA: Benjamin/Cummings.
Trivers, R. L., & Willard, D. (1973). Natural selection of parental ability to vary the sex ratio of offspring. Science, 179, 90–92.
van den Berghe, P. (1979). Human family systems: An evolutionary perspective. New York: Elsevier.
Vasta, R. (1982). Physical child abuse: A dual-component analysis. Developmental Review, 2, 125–149.
Vehrencamp, S., & Bradbury, J. W. (1984). Mating systems and ecology. In J. R. Krebs & N. B. Davies (Eds.), Behavioral ecology: An evolutionary approach (2nd ed.). Oxford: Blackwell Scientific.
Wahler, R. G., & Dumas, J. E. (1986). Maintenance factors in coercive mother-child interactions: The compliance and predictability hypotheses. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 19, 13–22.
Wahler, R. G., & Hahn, D. M. (1984). The communication patterns of troubled mothers: In search of a keystone in the generalization of parenting skills. Journal of Education and Treatment of Children, 7, 335–350.
Washburn, S. (1978). Human behavior and the behavior of other animals. American Psychologist, 33, 405–418.
Williams, G. C. (1966). Natural selection, the costs of reproduction, and a refinement of Lack’s Principle. American Naturalist, 100, 687–690.
Wittenberger, J. F. (1980). Animal social behavior. Boston: Duxbury.
Wolf, M. (1972). Women and the family in rural Taiwan. Stanford, CA: Standord University Press.
Wolfe, D. A. (1984, July). Behavioral distinctions between abusive and nonabusive parents: A review and critique. Paper presented at the Second Family Violence Research Conference, University of New Hampshire, Durham.
Wolff, R. J. (1965). Meanings of food. Tropical and Geographical Medicine, 17, 45–51.
Zeveloff, S. I., & Boyce, M. S. (1980). Parental investment and mating systems in mammals. Evolution, 34, 973–982.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1991 Springer Science+Business Media New York
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Burgess, R.L. (1991). Social and Ecological Issues in Violence toward Children. In: Ammerman, R.T., Hersen, M. (eds) Case Studies in Family Violence. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-9582-0_2
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-9582-0_2
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-0-306-43649-9
Online ISBN: 978-1-4757-9582-0
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive