Skip to main content

Volume Regulation of the in Vitro Blood-Brain Barrier by Osmoreactive Amino Acids during Stress

  • Chapter
Biology and Physiology of the Blood-Brain Barrier

Part of the book series: Advances in Behavioral Biology ((ABBI,volume 46))

  • 161 Accesses

Summary

The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is more permeable to blood-borne compounds during stress or disease. Moreover, during stress, an extra demand is put on the regulatory systems for the maintenance of cell volume. Hence, the ability of the brain capillary endothelial cells (BCEC) to regulate their volume is essential for maintaining the integrity of the BBB. In this study, the effect of stress on BCEC was investigated by means of osmolyte efflux measurements (free amino acids) into the extracellular fluid (eg., the culture medium). Extracellular concentrations of aspartic acid, glutamic acid, taurine and glycine increased several fold, while glutamine and serine showed no change in extracellular concentration after exposure to stress. This experiment showed that the volume regulatory response of stressed BCEC is, at least partially, dependent on the efflux of free amino acids. By determining the mechanism by which the volume regulation of these cells is controlled, we anticipate to have a tool by which we can modulate the permeability of the BBB in disease state (eg., vasogenic edema or CNS inflammation).

Résumé

La barrière hémato-encéphalique (BHE) est plus perméable aux composés apportés par le sang en cas de stress ou de maladie. De plus, pendant le stress, les systèmes régulateurs sont plus sollicités, afin de maintenir le volume cellulaire.Ainsi, la faculté des cellules endothéliales capillaires cérébrales (BCEC) de réguler leur volume est indispensable à l’intégrité de la BHE. Dans cette étude, nous avons étudié l’effet du stress sur les BCEC en mesurant l’efflux d’osmolytes (acides aminés libres) dans le liquide extracellulaire (par exemple le milieu de culture). Les teneurs extracellulaires en acides aspartique et glutamique, en taurine et glycine augmentaient de plusieurs ordres de grandeur, tandis que les taux de glutamine et de sérine n’étaient pas modifiés dans le milieu extracellulaire après stress. Cette expérience a montré que la régulation du volume des cellules BCEC stressées dépend, au moins partiellement, de l’efflux des acides aminés libres. En déterminant par quel mécanisme s’opère cette régulation, nous pensons disposer d’un outil permettant de moduler la perméabilité de la BHE dans les états pathogènes (par exemple oedème vasogène ou inflammation du SNC).

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 169.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. MW Bradbury. In: The concept of a blood-brain barrier. John Wiley & Sons, London, 1979.

    Google Scholar 

  2. PJ Luthert. Opening of the barrier in cerebral pathology. In: Physiology and pharmacology of the blood-brain barrier, Ed. MW Bradbury, Springer-Verslag Berlin Heidelberg, Ch 18: 439–457, 1992.

    Google Scholar 

  3. HS Sharma, J Cervós-Narvarro, PK Dey. Increased blood-brain barrier permeability following acute short-term swimming exercise in conscious normotensive young rats. Neuroscience. 10: 211–221, 1991.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. ABJ Noach, M Sakai, MCM Blom-Roosemalen, HR de Jonge, AG de Boer, DD Breimer. Effect of anisotonic conditions on the transport of hydrophilic model compounds across monolayers of human colonic cell lines. JPET. 270: 1373–1380, 1994.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. RJ Huxtable. Taurine in the central nervous system and the mammalian actions of taurine. Prog. Neurobiol. 32: 471–533, 1989.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. RJ Huxtable. Physiological Actions of Taurine. Physiological Reviews. 72 (1): 101–163, 1992.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. HE de Vries, J Kuiper, AG de Boer, ThJC van Berkel, DD Breimer. Characterization of the scavenger receptor on bovine cerebral endothelial cells in vitro. J. Neurochem. 61: 1813–1821, 1995.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1996 Springer Science+Business Media New York

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Gaillard, P.J., De Boer, A.G., Breimer, D.D. (1996). Volume Regulation of the in Vitro Blood-Brain Barrier by Osmoreactive Amino Acids during Stress. In: Couraud, PO., Scherman, D. (eds) Biology and Physiology of the Blood-Brain Barrier. Advances in Behavioral Biology, vol 46. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-9489-2_4

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-9489-2_4

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4757-9491-5

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4757-9489-2

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics