Abstract
Fusarium wilts induced by formae speciales of Fusarium oxysporum are among the most severe diseases in many important crops around the world. Besides the wilt pathogens other strains of F. oxysporum induce root rots, some of them, such as F. o. f. sp. radicis lycopersici are currently responsible for severe damage in tomatoes. Breeding for resistance is obviously the best approach to control such diseases. However, the pathogen is able to adapt to the new genotype of the plant and sometimes resistant cultivars are destroyed by new races of the pathogen after only a few years after their introduction into commercial use. For example, in Europe, no variety of muskmelon in resistant to all races of F. o. f. sp. melonis and Fusarium wilt is one of the main diseases of this crop. Chemical control of Fusarium wilts is generally not effective in commercial fields, and eradication of the pathogen by soil steaming or fumigation is almost impossible in open fields. Therefore, there is a need for alternative methods of control, and biological control of Fusarium wilts is being actively studied in several countries. Many antagonistic microorganisms have been tested for control Fusarium wilts (Alabouvette, 1990) but the most promising are nonpathogenic strains of Fusarium spp. including strains of F. oxysporum (Rouxel et al., 1979; Ogawa and Komada, 1985), F. solani (Rouxel et al., 1979; Amir, 1991), and F. moniliforme (Magie, 1980).
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Alabouvette, C., Couteaudier, Y. (1992). Biological Control of Fusarium Wilts with Nonpathogenic Fusaria. In: Tjamos, E.C., Papavizas, G.C., Cook, R.J. (eds) Biological Control of Plant Diseases. NATO ASI Series, vol 230. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-9468-7_58
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