Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Autocrine Role of Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor (bFGF) in Angiogenesis and Angioproliferative Diseases

  • Chapter
Angiogenesis

Part of the book series: NATO ASI Series ((NSSA,volume 298))

  • 109 Accesses

Abstract

bFGF belongs to the family of the heparin-binding growth factors (Basilico and Moscatelli, 1992). The single copy human bFGF gene encodes multiple bFGF isoforms with molecular weights ranging from 24 kD to 18 kD. High molecular weight isoforms (HMW-bFGFs) are colinear NH2-terminal extensions of the better characterized 18 kD protein (Florkiewicz and Sommer, 1989). Both low and high molecular weight bFGFs exert angiogenic activity in vivo and induce cell proliferation, protease production, and Chemotaxis in endothelial cells in vitro (Gualandris, Urbinati, Rusnati, Ziche, and Presta, 1994). Also, bFGF has been shown to stimulate endothelial cells to form capillary-like structures in collagen gels (Montesano, Vassalli, Baird, Guillemin, and Orci, 1989) and to invade the amniotic membrane in vitro (Mignatti, Tauboi, Robbins, and Rifkin, 1989). Moreover, the phenotype induced in vitro by bFGF in endothelial cells includes modulation of integrin expression (Klein, Giancotti, Presta, Albelda, Buck, and Rifkin, 1993), gap-junctional intercellular communication (Pepper and Meda, 1992) and urokinase receptor upregulation (Mignatti, Mazzieri, and Rifkin, 1991a). Studies with neutralizing anti-bFGF antibodies have implicated endogenous bFGF in wound repair (Broadly, Aquino, Woodward, Bickley-Sturrock, Sat, Rifkin, and Davidson, 1989), vascularization of the chorioallantoic membrane during chick embryo development (Ribatti, Urbinati, Nico, Rusnati, Roncali, and Presta, 1995), and tumor growth under defined experimental conditions (Baird, Mormède, and Bohlen, 1986; Gross, Herblin, Dusak, Czerniak, Diamond, Sun, Eidsvoog, Dexter, and Yoayon, 1993).

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 169.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Abraham, J.A., Mergia, A., Whang, J.L., Turnolo, A., Friedman, J., Hjerrild, J., Gospodarowicz, D., and Fiddes, J., 1986, Nucleotide sequence of a bovine clone encoding the angiogenic protein, basic fibroblast growth factor, Science 233:545–548.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Albini, A., Fontanini, G., Masiello, L., Tacchetti, C., Bigini, D., Luzzi, P., Noonan, D.M., and Stetler-Stevenson, W.G., 1994, Angiogenic potential in vivo by Kaposi sarcoma cell-free supernatants and HIVl-tat product: inhibition of KS-like lesions by TIMP-2. AIDS 8:1237–1244.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Baird, A., Mormède, P., and Bohlen, P., 1985, Immunoreactive fibroblast growth factor in cells of peritoneal exudate suggests its identity with macrophage-derived growth factor, Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 126:358–364.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Baird, A., Mormède, P., and Bohlen, P., 1986, Immunoreactive fibroblast growth factor (FGF) in a transplantable chondrosarcoma: inhibition of tumor growth by antibodies to FGF, J. Cell. Biochem. 30:79–85.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Barillari, G., Buonaguro, L., Fiorelli, V., Hoffman, J., Michaels, F., Gallo, R.C., and Ensoli, B., 1992, Effects of cytokines from activated immune cells on vascular cell growth and HIV-1 gene expression, J. Immunol. 149:3727–3734.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Basilico, C., and Moscatelli, D., 1992, The FGF family of growth factors and oncogenes, Adv. Cancer Res. 59:115–165.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bastaki, M., Nelli, E.E., Dell’Era, P., Rusnati, M., Molinari Tosatti, M.P., Parolini, S., Aurbach, R., Ruco, L.P., Possati, L., and Presta, M., 1997, Basic firboblast growth factor-induced angiogenic phenotype in mouse endothelium. A study of aortic and microvascular endothelial cell lines, Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. 17:454–464.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Blotnick, S., Peoples, G.E., Freeman, Ml, Eberlein, T.J., and Klagsbrun, M., 1994, T lymphocytes synthesize and export heparin-binding epidermal growth factor-like growth factor and basic fibroblast growth factor, mitogens for vascular cells and fibroblasts: differential production and release by CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 91:2890–2894.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Broadly, K.N., Aquino, A.M., Woodward, S.C., Buckley-Sturrock, A., Sato, Y., Rifkin, D.B., and Davidson, J.M., 1989, Monospecific antibodies implicate basic fibroblast growth factor in normal wound repair, Lab. Invest. 61:571–575.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bussolino, F., De Rossi, M., Sica, A., Colotta, F., Wang, J.M., Bocchietto, E., Martin-Padura, I., Bosia, A., Dejana, E., and Mantovani, A., 1991, Murine endothelioma cell lines transformed by polyoma middle T oncogene as target for and producers of cytokines, J. Immunol. 147:2122–2129.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Cozzolino, F., Torcia, M., Lucibello, M., Morbidelli, L., Ziehe, M., Platt, J., Fabiani, S., Brett, J., and Stern, D., 1993, Cytokine-mediated control of endothelial cell growth: interferon-α and interleukin-2 synergistically enhance basic fibroblast growth factor synthesis and induce release promoting cell growth in vitro and in vivo, J. Clin. Invest. 91:2504–2512.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • DiMario, J., Buffinger, N., Yamada, S., and Strohman, R.C., 1989, Fibroblast growth factor in the extracellular matrix of dystrophic (mdx) mouse muscle, Science 244:688–690.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ensoli, B., Gendelman, R., Markham, P., Fiorelli, V., Colombini, S., Raffeld, M., Cafaro, A., Chang, H.K., Brady, J.N., and Gallo, R.C., 1994a, Synergy between basic fibroblast growth factor and HIV-1 Tat protein in induction of Kaposi’s sarcoma, Nature 371:674–680.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ensoli, B., Markham, P., Kao, V., Barillari, G., Fiorelli, V., Gendelman, R., Raffeld, M., Zon, G., and Gallo, R.C., 1994b, Block of AIDS-Kaposi’s sarcoma (KS) cell growth, angiogenesis, and lesion formation in nude mice by antisense oligonucleotide targeting basic fibroblast growth factor. A novel strategy for the therapy of KS, J. Clin. Invest. 94:1736–1746.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Enzinger, F.M., and Weiss S.W., 1995, Soft tissue tumors, pp. 579–677, Mosby-Year Book Inc., St. Louis.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fiorelli, V., Gendelman, R., Samaniego, F., Markham, P.D., and Ensoli, B., 1995, Cytokines from activated T cells induce normal endothelial cells to acquire the phenotypic and functional features of AIDS-Kaposi’s sarcoma spindle cells, J. Clin. Invest. 95:1723–1734.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Florkiewicz, R.Z., and Sommer, A., 1989, Human basic fibroblast growth factor gene encodes four polypeptides: three initiate translation from non-AUG codons, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 86:3978–3981.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Folkman, J., Klagsbrun, M., Sasse, J., Wadzinski, M., Ingber, D., and Vlodavski, I., 1988. A heparin-binding angiogenic protein -basic fibroblast growth factor- is stored within basement membran, Am. J. Pathol 130:393–400.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gajdusek, C.M., and Carbon, S., 1989, Injury-induced release of basic fibroblast growth factor from bovine aortic endothelium, J. Cell. Physiol. 139:570–579.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Garlanda, C., Parravicini, C., Sironi, M., De Rossi, M., Wainstock de Calmanovici, R., Carozzi, F., Bussolino, F., Colotta, F., Mantovani A., and Vecchi, A., 1994, Progressive growth in immunodeficient mice and host cell recruitment by mouse endothelial cells transformed by polyoma middle-sized T antigen: implications for the pathogenesis of opportunistic vascular tumors, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 91:7291–7295.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gross, J.L., Herblin, W.F., Dusak, B.A., Czerniak, P., Diamond, M.D., Sun, T., Eidsvoog, K., Dexter, D.L., and Yayon, A., 1993, Effects of modulation of basic fibroblast growth factor on tumor growth in vivo, J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 85:121–131.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gualandris, A., Urbinati, C., Rusnati, M., Ziehe, M., and Presta, M., 1994, Interaction of high molecular weight basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) with endothelium: biological activity and intracellular fate of human recombinant Mr 24,000 bFGF, J. Cell. Physiol. 161:149–159.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gualandris, A., Rusnati, M., Belleri, M., Nelli, E.E., Bastaki, M., Molinari-Tosatti, MP., Bonardi, F., Parolini, S., Albini, A., Morbidelli, L., Ziche, M., Corallini, A., Possati, L., Vacca, A., Ribatti, D., and Presta, M., 1996a, Basic fibroblast growth factor overexpression in endothelial cells: an autocrine mechanism for angiogenesis and angioproliferative diseases, Cell Growth & Differ. 7:147–160.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gualandris, A., Rusnati, M., Belleri, M., Molinari-Tosatti, M.P., Bonardi, F., Parolini, S., Albini, A., Ziche, M., and Presta, M., 1966b, Angiogenic phenotype induced by basic fibroblast growth factor transfection in brain microvascular endothelial cells: an in vitro autocrine model of angiogenesis in brain tumors, Int. J. Oncol. 8:567–573.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hawker, J.R.H., and Granger, J., 1993, Tyrosine kinase inhibitors impair fibroblast growth factor signaling in coronary endothelial cells, Am J. Physiol. 266:H107–H120.

    Google Scholar 

  • Itoh, H., Mukoyama, M., Pratt, R.E., and Dzau, V.J., 1992, Specific blockade of basic fibroblast growth factor gene expression in endothelial cells by antisense oligonucleotide, Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 188:1205–1213.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Jouanneau, J., Moens, G., Bourgeois, Y., Poupon, M.F., and Thiery, J.P., 1994, A minority of carcinoma cells producing acidic fibroblast growth factor induces a community effect for tumor progression, Proc. Natl. Acad Sci. U.S.A. 91:286–290.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Klein, S., Giancotti, F.G., Presta, M., Albelda, S.M., Buck, C.A., and Rifkin, D.B., 1993, Basic fibroblast growth factor modulates integrin expression in microvascular endothelial cells, Mol. Biol. Cell. 4:973–982.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Levine, A.M., 1993, AIDS-related malignancies: the emerging epidemic, J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 85:1382–1387.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Mantovani, A., Bussolino, F., and Dejana, E., 1992, Cytokine regulation of endothelial cell function, FASEB J. 6:2591–2599.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • McNeil, P.L., Muthukrishnan, L., Warder, E., and D’Amore, P., 1989, Growth factors are released by mechanically wounded endothelial cells, J. Cell Biol. 109:811–822.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Mignatti, P., Tauboi, R., Robbins, E., and Rifkin, D.B., 1989, In vitro angiogenesis on the human amniotic membrane, requirement for basic fibroblast growth factor, J. Cell Biol. 108:671–682.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Mignatti, P., Mazzieri, R., and Rifkin, D.B., 1991a, Expression of the urokinase receptor in vascular endothelial cells is stimulated by basic fibroblast growth factor, J. Cell Biol. 113:1193–1201.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Mignatti, P., Morimoto, T., and Rifkin, D.B., 1991b, Basic fibroblast growth factor released by single, isolated cells stimulates their migration in an autocrine manner, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 88:11007–11011.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Montesano, R., Vassalli, J.D., Baird, A., Guillemin, R., and Orci, L., 1986, Basic fibroblast growth factor induces angiogenesis in vitro, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 83:7297–7301.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Moscatelli, D., Presta, M., Joseph-Silverstein, J., and Rifkin, D.B., 1986, Both normal and tumor cells produce basic fibroblast growth factor, J. Cell Physiol. 129:273–276.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ohtani, H., Nakamura, S., Watanabe, Y., Mizoi, T., Saku, T., and Nagura, H., 1993, Immunocytochemical localization of basic fibroblast growth factor in carcinomas and inflammatory lesions of the human digestive tract, Lab. Invest. 68:520–527.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Pepper, M.S., and Meda, P., 1992, Basic fibroblast growth factor increases junctional communication and connexin 43 expression in microvascular endothelial cells, J. Cell. Physiol. 153:196–205.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Pepper, M.S., Sappino, A.P., Stocklin, R., Montesano, R., Orci, L., and Vassalli, J.D., 1993, Upregulation of urokinase receptor expression on migrating endothelial cells, J. Cell Biol. 122:673–684.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Peverali, F.A., Mandriota, S.J., Ciana, P., Marelli, R., Quax, P., Rifkin, D.B., Delia Valle, G., and Mignatti, P., 1994, Tumor cells secrete an angiogenic factor that stimulates basic fibroblast growth factor and urokinase expression in vascular endothelial cells, J. Cell. Physiol. 161:1–14.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Presta, M., Moscatelli, D., Joseph-Silverstein, J., and Rifkin, D.B., 1986, Purification from a human hepatoma cell line of a basic fibroblast growth factor-like molecule that stimulates capillary endothelial cell plasminogen activator production, DNA synthesis, and migration, Mol Cell. Biol. 6:4060–4066.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Presta, M., Maier, J.A.M., Rusnati, M., and Ragnotti, G., 1989, Basic fibroblast growth factor: production, mitogenic response, and post-receptor signal transduction in cultured normal and transformed fetal bovine aortic endothelial cells, J. Cell. Physiol. 141:517–526.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ribatti, D., Urbinati, C., Nico, B., Rusnati, M., Roncali, L., and Presta, M., 1995, Endogenous basic fibroblast growth factor in the vascularization of the chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane, Dev. Biol. 170:39–49.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Rogelj, S., Klagsbrun, M., Atzmon, R., Kurokawa, M., Haimovitz, A., Fuks, Z., and Vlodavski, I., 1989, Basic fibroblast growth factor is an extracellular matrix component required for supporting the proliferation of vascular endothelial cells and the differentiation of PC12 cells, J. Cell Biol. 109:823–831.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sato, Y., and Rifkin, D.B., 1988, Autocrine activities of basic fibroblast growth factor: regulation of endothelial cell movement, plasminogen activator synthesis, and DNA synthesis, J. Cell Biol. 107:1199–1205.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Salahuddin, S.Z., Nakamura, S., Biberfeld, P., Kaplan, M.H., Markham, P.D., Larsson, L., and Gallo, R.C., 1988, Angiogenic properties of Kaposi’s sarcoma-derived cells after long-term culture in vitro, Science 242:430–433.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Schulze-Osthoff, K., Risau, W., Vollmer, E., and Sorg, C., 1990, In situ detection of basic fibroblast growth factor by highly specific antibodies, Am. J. Pathol. 137:85–92.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Schweigerer, L., Neufeld, G., Friedman, J., Abraham, J.A., Fiddes, J.C., and Gospodarowicz, D., 1987, Capillary endothelial cells express basic fibroblast growth factor, a mitogen that promotes their own growth, Nature 325:257–259.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Speir, E., Tanner, V., Gonzales, A.M., Farris, J., Baird, A., and Casscells, W., 1992, Acid and basic fibroblast growth factors in adult rat heart myocytes: localization, regulatio in culture, and effects on DNA synthesis, Circ. Res. 71:251–259.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Statuto, M., Ennas, M.G., Zamboni, G., Bonetti, F., Pea, M., Bernardello, F., Pozzi, A., Rusnati, M., Gualandris, A., and Presta, M., 1993, Basic fibroblast growth factor in human pheochromocytoma: a biochemical and immunohistochemical study, Int. J. Cancer. 53:5–10.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sturzl, M., Brandstetter, H., and Roth, W.K., 1992, Kaposi’s sarcoma, a review of gene expression and ultrastructure of KS spindle cells in vivo, AIDS Res. Human Retrov. 8:1753–1763.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Taraboletti, G., Belotti, D., Dejana, E., Mantovani, A., and Giavazzi, F., 1993, Endothelial cell migration and invasiveness are induced by a soluble factor produced by murine endothelioma cells transformed by polyoma virus middle T oncogene, Cancer Res. 53:3812–3816.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Takahashi, J.A., Mori, H., Fukumoto, M., Igarashi, K., Jaye, M., Oda, Y., Kikuchi, H., and Hatanaka, M., 1990, Gene expression of fibroblast growth factors in human gliomas and meningiomas: demonstration of cellular source of basic fibroblast growth factor mRNA and peptide in tumor tissues, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 87:5710–5714.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Takahashi, K., Mulliken, J.B., Kozakewich, H.P.W., Rogers, R.A., Folkman, J., and Ezekowitz, R.A.B., 1994, Cellular markers that distinguish the phases of hemangioma during infancy and childhood, J. Clin. Invest. 93:2357–2364.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Vlodavski, I., Folkman, J., Sullivan, R., Friedman, R., Ishai-Michaell, R., Sasse, J., and Klagsbrun, M., 1987a, Endothelial cell-derived basic fibroblast growth factor: synthesis and deposition into subendothelial extracellular matrix, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 84:2292–2296.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Vlodavski, I., Friedman, R., Sullivan, R., Sasse, J., and Klagsbrun, M., 1987b, Aortic endothelial cells synthesize basic fibroblast growth factor which remains cell associated and platelet-derived growth factor-like protein which is secreted, J. Cell. Physiol. 131:402–408.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Weich, H., Iberg, N., Klagsbrun, M., and Folkman, J., 1991, Transcriptional regulation of basic fibroblast growth factor gene expression in capillary endothelial cells, J. Cell. Biochem. 47:158–194.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Witte, L., Fuka, Z., Haimovitz, F.A., Vlodavski, I., Goodman, D.S., and Eldor, A., 1989, Effects of irradiation on the release of growth factors from cultured bovine, porcine, and human endothelial cells, Cancer Res. 49:5066–5072.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Yamanaka, Y., Friess, H., Buchler, M., Beger, H.G., Uchida, E., Onda, M., and Kobrin, M.S., 1993, Overexpression of acidic and basic fibroblast growth factors in human pancreatic cancer correlates with advanced tumor stage, Cancer Res. 53:5289–5296.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Zagzag, D., Miller, D.C., Sato, Y., Rifkin, D.B., and Burstein, D.E., 1990, Immunohistochemical localization of basic fibroblast growth factor in astrocytomas, Cancer Res. 50:7393–7398.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ziche, M., Parenti, A., Ledda, F., Dell’Era, P., Granger, H.J., Maggi, C.A., and Presta, M., 1997, Nitric oxide promotes proliferation and plasminogen activator production by coronary venular endothelium through endogenous bFGF, Circ. Res. in press.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Unit of General Pathology and Immunology, University of Brescia, 25123, Brescia, Italy

    Anna Gualandris, Patrizia Dell’Era, Marco Rusnati, Roberta Giuliani, Elena Tanghetti & Marco Presta

  2. Unit of Histology, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Brescia, 25123, Brescia, Italy

    Maria Pia Molinari-Tosatti

  3. Department of Pharmacology, University of Florence, 50134, Florence, Italy

    Marina Ziche

  4. Institute of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, University of Bari, 70124, Bari, Italy

    Domenico Ribatti

Authors
  1. Anna Gualandris
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Patrizia Dell’Era
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Marco Rusnati
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Roberta Giuliani
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Elena Tanghetti
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Maria Pia Molinari-Tosatti
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. Marina Ziche
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  8. Domenico Ribatti
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  9. Marco Presta
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. University of Patras Medical School, Patras, Greece

    Michael E. Maragoudakis

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1998 Springer Science+Business Media New York

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Gualandris, A. et al. (1998). Autocrine Role of Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor (bFGF) in Angiogenesis and Angioproliferative Diseases. In: Maragoudakis, M.E. (eds) Angiogenesis. NATO ASI Series, vol 298. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-9185-3_12

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-9185-3_12

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4757-9187-7

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4757-9185-3

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation