Abstract
Cardiac arrhythmias are a major cause of morbidity and mortality. Long-term ECG analysis is an important diagnostic technique for characterizing arrhythmias and documenting response to therapy. This paper reviews the technology of real-time automated ECG arrhythmia analysis, including principles of algorithm design, and the use of standard ECG databases in development and evaluation.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsPreview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Mark, R.G., Schluter, P.S., Moody, G.B., Devlin, P.H., Chernoff, D., 1982, An annotated ECG database for evaluating arrhythmia detectors, pp. 205–210, in Frontiers of Engineering in Health Care, Proc. 4th Ann. Conf. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Soc., IEEE Computer Society Press, Los Alamitos, CA.
Hermes, R.E., Geselowitz, D.B., Oliver, G.C., 1980, Development, distribution, and use of the American Heart Association database for ventricular arrhythmia detector evaluation, pp. 263–266, in Computers in Cardiology 1980, IEEE Computer Society Press, Los Alamitos, CA.
Moody, G.B., Mark, R.G., 1990, The MIT-BIH Arrhythmia Database on CD ROM and software for use with it, 1991, pp. 185–188, in Computers in Cardiology 1990, IEEE Computer Society Press, Los Alamitos, CA.
Nolle, F.M., Badura, F.K., Catlett, J.M., et al., 1986, CREI-GARD: a new concept in computerized arrhythmia monitoring systems, pp. 515–518, in Computers in Cardiology 1986, IEEE Computer Society Press, Los Alamitos, CA.
Taddei, A., Biagini, A., Distante, G., et al., 1990, The European ST-T Database: development, distribution, and use, pp. 177–180, in Computers in Cardiology 1990, IEEE Computer Society Press, Los Alamitos, CA.
Schluter, P.S., Mark, R.G., Moody, G.B., Olson, W.H., Peterson, S.K., 1980, Performance measures for arrhythmia detectors, pp. 267–270, in Computers in Cardiology 1980, IEEE Computer Society Press, Los Alamitos, CA.
Arrhythmia Monitoring Subcommittee of the AAMI ECG Committee]. Testing and Reporting Performance Results of Ventricular Arrhythmia Detection Algorithms [AAMI ECAR]. Association for the Advancement of Medical Instrumentation, Arlington, VA, 1987.
Moody, G.B., Feldman, C.L., Bailey, J.J., 1993. Standards and applicable databases for long-term ECG monitoring. J. Electrocardiology 26 (Suppl): 151 - I55.
Ambulatory ECG Subcommittee of the AAMI ECG Committee]. American National Standard: Ambulatory Electrocardiographs [ANSUAAMI EC-38] Association for the Advancement of Medical Instrumentation, Arlington. VA. 1994.
Moody, G.B., Mark, R.G., 1983. How can we predict real-world performance of an arrhythmia detector?, pp. 71–76, in Computers in Cardiology 1983, IEEE Computer Society Press, Los Alamitos, CA.
Greenwald, S.D., Albrecht, P., Moody, G.B., Mark, R.G. 1985, Estimating confidence limits for atrhythmiadetector performance. pp. 383–386. in Computers in Cardiology 1985, IEEE Computer Society Press. Los Alamitos. CA.
Albrecht. P., Moody, G.B., Mark, R.G., 1988, Use of the `bootstrap’ to assess the robustness of the performance statistics of an arrhythmia detector, J. Ambulatory Monitoring 1(2): 171–176.
Efron, B., 1979, Bootstrap methods: another look at the jackknife. Annals of Statistics, 7: 1–26.
Moody, G.B., Muldrow, W.K., Mark, R.G., 1984, A noise stress test for arrhythmia detectors, pp. 381–384, in Computers in Cardiology 1984, IEEE Computer Society Press, Los Alamitos, CA.
Hu, Y.H., Tompkins, W.J., Urrusti, M.S., and Afonso,V.X., 1993, Applications of artificial neural networks for ECG signal detection and classification, J. Electrocardiology, 26 (suppl): 66–73.
Moody, G.B., and Mark, R.G., 1982, Development and evaluation of a two-lead ECG analysis program. pp. 39–44, in Computers in Cardiology 1982, IEEE Computer Society Press. Los Alamitos, CA.
Rappaport, S.H., Gillick, L., Moody, G.B., and Mark, R.G., 1982, QRS morphology classification: quantitative evaluation of different strategies, pp. 33–38, in Computers in Cardiology 1982, IEEE Computer Society Press, Los Alamitos. CA.
Chow, H.S., Moody, G.B., and Mark, R.G., 1992, Detection of ventricular ectopic beats using neural networks, pp. 659–662. in Computers in Cardiology 1992, IEEE Computer Society Press. Los Alamitos, CA.
Gersh, W., Eddy, P., and Dong, E., 1970, Cardiac arrhythmia classification: a heart-heat interval Markov chain approach, Comp. Biomed. Res. 4: 385–392.
Moody, G.B., and Mark, R.G., 1983, A new method for detecting atrial fibrillation using RR intervals, pp. 227–230, in Computers in Cardiology 1983, IEEE Computer Society Press. Los Alamitos, CA.
Artis, S.G., Mark, R.G., and Moody, G.B., 1991. Detection of atrial fibrillation using artificial neural networks, pp. 173–176. in Computers in Cardiology 1991, IEEE Computer Society Press. Los Alamitos, (’A.
Moody, G.B., and Mark, R.G., 1989, QRS morphology representation and noise estimation using the Karhunan-Loeve transform. pp 269–272, in Computers in Cardiology 1989. IEEE Computer Society Press. Los Alamitos, CA.
Feldman, C.L., and Hubelbank. M., 1978, Apparatus and method for ECG baseline shift detecting. U.S. Patent 41.112, 930.
Devlin, P.H., Mark, R.G., and Moody, G.B., 1984, Detecting electrode motion noise in ECG signals by monitoring electrode impedance, pp. 51–56, in Computers in Cardiology 1984, IEEE Computer Society Press, Los Alamitos, (.’A.
Ferguson, P. F., and Mark. R•G., 1986, An algorithm to reduce false positive alarms in arrhythmia detectors using dynamic electrode impedance monitoring. pp. 511–514. in Compeers in Cardiology 1986, IEEE Computer Society Press, Los Alamitos, CA.
Muldrow, W.K., Mark, R.G.. Long. W.J., and Moody, G.B., 1986. CALVIN: A rule-based expert system for improving arrhythmia detector performance during noisy ECGs. pp. 21–26, in Computers in Cardiology 1986, IEEE Computer Society Press. Los Alamitos. CA.
Greenwald, S.D., Patil, R.S., and Mark, R.G., 1992, Improved detection and classification of arrhythmias in noise-corrupted electrocardiograms using contextual information within an expert system, Biomed. Instrum. Technol. 26 (2): 124–132.
Greenwald, S.D., 1990, Improved Detection and Classification of Arrhythmias in Noise-Corrupted Electrocardiograms using Contextual Information. Doctoral Thesis. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, June, 1990.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1996 Springer Science+Business Media New York
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Mark, R.G., Moody, G.B. (1996). ECG Arrythmia Analysis: Design and Evaluation Strategies. In: Gath, I., Inbar, G.F. (eds) Advances in Processing and Pattern Analysis of Biological Signals. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-9098-6_18
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-9098-6_18
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-1-4757-9100-6
Online ISBN: 978-1-4757-9098-6
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive