Abstract
The resistant-fit methods of superimposing configurations of landmarks are extended to three-dimensional data. Algorithms are described for fitting one configuration to another and for the fitting of a sample of configurations to a iteratively estimated consensus configuration. In addition, several topics relating to the practical use of the superimposition methods are discussed. These topics include missing data, visualization of results and the display and interpretation of affine components. Finally, an example is presented of how to use different graphical comparisons of resistant-fit and least-squares (Procrustes) residuals to identify subsets of landmarks contributing to localized shape differences. These procedures are shown to suggest considerable local variation in the posterior region of the carapace of certain individual yellow-bellied slider turtles, Trachemys scripta scripta.
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Slice, D.E. (1996). Three-Dimensional Generalized Resistant Fitting and the Comparison of Least-Squares and Resistant-Fit Residuals. In: Marcus, L.F., Corti, M., Loy, A., Naylor, G.J.P., Slice, D.E. (eds) Advances in Morphometrics. NATO ASI Series, vol 284. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-9083-2_15
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