Abstract
This is an uncommon malaria-like disease caused by an intraerythrocytic protozoan parasite, Babesia. The main reservoirs of human infection include rodents and, possibly, house pets. Transmission is by tick bite (family Ixodidae). As reported by Healy, Spielman, and Gleason (Science 192 479–480, 1976), Babesia microti infection in wild mammals has been recognized in several locations in the United States and Europe. Populations of white-footed mice on Martha’s Vineyard, 24 kilometers west of Nantucket, were found to be infected in 1937. Rodents of this species were infected with similar parasites around Ithaca, New York, and various small rodents and rabbits carried the infection in California and in England. Thus, the parasite seems to be widespread, and this renders problematic the peculiar frequency of human infection found on Nantucket Island. However, the prevalence of infection in mice is very high on this island, greatly exceeding that reported from other locations, and this may be causally related to infection in humans. It is interesting to note that, with the exception of the aforementioned relatively isolated cases, no individuals with intact spleens located elsewhere have been infected.
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Considine, D.M., Considine, G.D. (1995). B. In: Considine, D.M., Considine, G.D. (eds) Van Nostrand’s Scientific Encyclopedia. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-6918-0_2
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