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Parenteral Nutrition

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Book cover Surgical Intensive Care Medicine

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Abstract

The goals of nutritional support for patients in the surgical intensive care unit (SICU) differ from those for patients recovering on the surgical ward or at home (1). In malnourished patients who have no major metabolic stress, provision of adequate protein and calories above the patients’ energy expenditure results in a positive nitrogen balance and appropriate body mass gain. In the SICU, however, most patients are metabolically stressed and their hormonal milieu does not support anabolism regardless of intake (2). Attempts to replete the malnourished, metabolically stressed patient with substrate in excess of energy expenditures leads to the development of hyperglycemia and increased complications and nullifies any benefit from feeding (3,4). The goals of nutritional therapy in the SICU are to support the metabolic response to injury and infection by providing adequate protein and energy equivalent to or slightly less than energy expenditure (5,6).

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Lahey Clinic Medical Center, Burlington, MA, 01805, USA

    James J. Pomposelli M.D., Ph.D.

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  1. James J. Pomposelli M.D., Ph.D.
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Surgical Intensive Care Unit, Department of Surgical Critical Care, Lahey Clinic Medical Center, Burlington, MA, USA

    John Merritt O’Donnell M.D. (Director, Chairman) (Director, Chairman)

  2. Department of Surgical Critical Care, Lahey Clinic Medical Center, Burlington, MA, USA

    Flávio Eduardo Nácul M.D. (Senior Fellow) (Senior Fellow)

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Pomposelli, J.J. (2001). Parenteral Nutrition. In: O’Donnell, J.M., Nácul, F.E. (eds) Surgical Intensive Care Medicine. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-6645-5_36

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-6645-5_36

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4757-6647-9

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4757-6645-5

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