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Toxicology and Risk Assessment of Freshwater Cyanobacterial (Blue-Green Algal) Toxins in Water

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Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology

Part of the book series: Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology ((RECT,volume 163))

Abstract

The adverse effects of cyanobacterial toxins were first reported as stock deaths at Lake Alexandrina, South Australia, in 1878. Since then, cyanobacterial poisonings in animals and humans have been widely reported around the world (Codd and Poon 1988). In fact, cattle and wildlife mortality from cyanobacterial poisonings is relatively common in many countries (Carmichael 1981). Animals that have been killed in large numbers include cattle, sheep, pigs, birds, and fish; small numbers of deaths of horses, dogs, rodents, amphibians, and invertebrates have also been recorded (Codd and Poon 1988). According to the compilations of Carmichael (1992a), approximately 85 animal poisoning incidents related to cyanobacterial blooms have been recorded around the world from 1878 to 1991.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland, Australia

    Tai Nguyen Duy

  2. Department of Biology and Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong

    Paul K. S. Lam

  3. National Research Centre for Environmental Toxicology, Coopers Plains, Queensland, 4108, Australia

    Glen R. Shaw

  4. School of Public Health, Griffith University, Logan, Queensland, Australia

    Des W. Connell

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    George W. Ware

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Duy, T.N., Lam, P.K.S., Shaw, G.R., Connell, D.W. (2000). Toxicology and Risk Assessment of Freshwater Cyanobacterial (Blue-Green Algal) Toxins in Water. In: Ware, G.W. (eds) Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology. Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, vol 163. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-6429-1_3

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