Influence of Neuronally Derived Nitric Oxide on Blood Oxygenation and Cerebral pO2 in a Mouse Model Measured by EPR Spectrometry

  • Matthew P. Thomas
  • Simon K. Jackson
  • Philip E. James
Conference paper
Part of the Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology book series (AEMB, volume 540)

Abstract

Nitric oxide (NO·) is widely accepted as a key component in the maintenance of resting cerebral blood flow (CBF). The complex interaction between NO· and other regulatory mediators such as neural activity, pH and arterial pCO2 determines the tone of cerebral blood vessels and thus oxygen delivery through blood flow 1−3.

Keywords

Nitric Oxide Cerebral Blood Flow Cerebral Blood Flow Response Neuron Ally Oximetry Measurement 
These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in to check access

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. 1.
    Faraci, F. M. and D. D. Heistad, “Regulation of the cerebral circulation: role of endothelium and potassium channels,” Physiol Rev. 78 (1): 53–97 (1998).PubMedGoogle Scholar
  2. 2.
    Wang, Q. et al., “The role of neuronal nitric oxide synthase in regulation of cerebral blood flow in normocapnia and hypercapnia in rats,” J Cereb.Blood Flow Metab 15 (5): 774–778 (1995).PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  3. 3.
    Pelligrino, D. A., H. M. Koenig, and R. F. Albrecht, “Nitric oxide synthesis and regional cerebral blood flow responses to hypercapnia and hypoxia in the rat,” JCereb.Blood Flow Metab 13 (1): 80–87 (1993).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  4. 4.
    Bredt, D. S., P. M. Hwang, and S. H. Snyder, “Localization of nitric oxide synthase indicating a neural role for nitric oxide,” Nature 347 (6295): 768–770 (1990).PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  5. 5.
    White, R. P. et al., “Nitric oxide synthase inhibition in humans reduces cerebral blood flow but not the hyperemic response to hypercapnia,” Stroke 29 (2): 467–472 (1998).PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  6. 6.
    Moore, P. K. and R. L. Handy, “Selective inhibitors of neuronal nitric oxide synthase-is no NOS really good NOS for the nervous system?,” Trends Pharmacol.Sci. 18 (6): 204–211 (1997).PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  7. 7.
    Kumura, E. et al., “Generation of nitric oxide and superoxide during reperfusion after focal cerebral ischemia in rats,” Am.iPhysiol270 (3 Pt 1 ): C748 - C752 (1996).Google Scholar
  8. 8.
    Lee, J. M., G. J. Zipfel, and D. W. Choi, “The changing landscape of ischaemic brain injury mechanisms,” Nature 399 (6738 Suppl): A7–14 (1999).PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  9. 9.
    Kader, A. et al., “Nitric oxide production during focal cerebral ischemia in rats,” Stroke 24 (11): 1709–1716 (1993).PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  10. 10.
    Mason, R. B. et al., “Production of reactive oxygen species after reperfusion in vitro and in vivo: protective effect of nitric oxide,” JNeurosurg. 93 (I): 99–107 (2000).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  11. 11.
    Santizo, R., V. L. Baughman, and D. A. Pelligrino, “Relative contributions from neuronal and endothelial nitric oxide synthases to regional cerebral blood flow changes during forebrain ischemia in rats,” Neuroreport 11 (7): 1549–1553 (2000).Google Scholar
  12. 12.
    Swartz, H. M. and R. B. Clarkson, “The measurement of oxygen in vivo using EPR techniques,” Phys.Med.Biol. 43 (7): 1957–1975 (1998).PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  13. 13.
    Swartz, H. M. et al., “What does EPR oximetry with solid particles measure-and how does this relate to other measures of P02?,” Adv.Exp.Med.Biol. 428: 663–670 (1997).PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  14. 14.
    Goda, F. et al., “Comparisons of measurements of p02 in tissue in vivo by EPR oximetry and microelectrodes,” Adv.Exp.Med.Biol. 411: 543–549 (1997).PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  15. 15.
    Liu, K. J. et al., “Assessment of cerebral p02 by EPR oximetry in rodents: effects of anesthesia, ischemia, and breathing gas,” Brain Res. 685 (1–2): 91–98 (1995).PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  16. 16.
    Iadecola, C. et al., “Nitric oxide synthase inhibition and cerebrovascular regulation,” J.Cereb.Blood Flow Metab 14 (2): 175–192 (1994).PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  17. 17.
    Cooper, G. R., K. Mialkowski, and D. J. Wolff, “Cellular and enzymatic studies ofN(omega)-propyl-larginine and S- ethyl-N-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]isothiourea as reversible, slowly dissociating inhibitors selective for the neuronal nitric oxide synthase isoform,” Arch.Biochem.Biophys. 375 (1): 183–194 (2000).PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  18. 18.
    Zhang, H. Q. et al., “Potent and selective inhibition of neuronal nitric oxide synthase by N omega-propyl-Larginine,” JMed.Chem. 40 (24): 3869–3870 (1997).Google Scholar
  19. 19.
    Huang, H. et al., “N(omega)-Nitroarginine-containing dipeptide amides. Potent and highly selective inhibitors of neuronal nitric oxide synthase,” JMed.Chem. 42 (16): 3147–3153 (1999).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  20. 20.
    Kakoki, M., A. P. Zou, and D. L. Mattson, “The influence of nitric oxide synthase 1 on blood flow and interstitial nitric oxide in the kidney,” Am.J.Physiol Regul.Integr.Comp Physiol 281 (1): R91 - R97 (2001).PubMedGoogle Scholar
  21. 21.
    Campbell, D. and Spence, A.A. 1997, Norris and Campbell’s Anaesthetics, Resuscitation and Intensive Care, Churchill Livingstone, New York, pp. 83–123.Google Scholar
  22. 22.
    Miller, F.L. and Marshall, B.E, The Inhaled Anesthetics, in: Introduction to Anesthesia, Longnecker, D.E. and Murphy, F.L, ed., W.B. Saunders Company, Philadelphia, pp 84–90.Google Scholar
  23. 23.
    Rushman, G.B., Davies, N.J.H. and Cashman, J.N. Lee’s Synopsis of Anaesthesia,Butterworth-Heinemann, Oxford, pp 160–162Google Scholar
  24. 24.
    Takei, Y. et al., “Effects of nitric oxide synthase inhibition on the cerebral circulation and brain damage during kainic acid-induced seizures in newborn rabbits,” Brain Dev. 21 (4): 253–259 (1999).PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  25. 25.
    Tanaka, K. et al., “Inhibition of nitric oxide synthesis impairs autoregulation of local cerebral blood flow in the rat,” Neuroreport 4 (3): 267–270 (1993).PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  26. 26.
    Faraci, F. M., “Role of nitric oxide in regulation of basilar artery tone in vivo,” Am.J.Physiol 259 (4 Pt 2): H1216 - H1221 (1990).PubMedGoogle Scholar
  27. 27.
    Rosenblum, W. I., H. Nishimura, and G. H. Nelson, “Endothelium-dependent L-Arg-and L-NMMAsensitive mechanisms regulate tone of brain microvessels,” Am.J.Physiol 259 (5 Pt 2): H1396 - H1401 (1990).PubMedGoogle Scholar
  28. 28.
    Van Mil, A. H. et al., “Nitric oxide mediates hypoxia-induced cerebral vasodilation in humans,” J.Appl.Physiol 92 (3): 962–966 (2002).PubMedGoogle Scholar
  29. 29.
    Joshi, S. et al., “Intracarotid infusion of the nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, L-NMMA, modestly decreases cerebral blood flow in human subjects,” Anesthesiology 93 (3): 699–707 (2000).PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  30. 30.
    Huang, P. L. and E. H. Lo, “Genetic analysis of NOS isoforms using nNOS and eNOS knockout animals,” Prog.Brain Res. 118: 13–25 (1998).PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar

Copyright information

© Springer Science+Business Media New York 2003

Authors and Affiliations

  • Matthew P. Thomas
    • 1
  • Simon K. Jackson
    • 2
  • Philip E. James
    • 3
  1. 1.Department of Cardiology, Wales Heart Research InstituteUniversity of Wales College of MedicineHeath Park. CardiffUK
  2. 2.Department of Medical MicrobiologyHeath Park. CardiffUK
  3. 3.Department of CardiologyHeath Park. CardiffUK

Personalised recommendations