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Human Genes for Factor IX and other Vitamin K Dependent Blood Proteins

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Book cover The New Dimensions of Warfarin Prophylaxis

Abstract

Factor IX is a plasma glycoprotein with m.w. 57,000. It is a single chain precurser to a serine protease which participates in the middle phase of blood coagulation. It is activated by factor XIa (activated factor XI) as well as by a complex of factor VII-tissue factor to a two chain form serine protease, factor IXa. Factor IX is one of the half a dozen blood proteins which require vitamin K for their normal biosynthesis. These proteins include factor VII, factor IX, factor X, prothrombin, protein C, protein S and protein Z. The first four proteins are blood coagulation factors. Protein C functions as an efficient regulator of blood coagulation by inactivating factors Villa and Va in the presence of protein S. Protein S also has a possible regulatory role in the complement system by binding to C4b binding2 protein. The function for protein Z is not known at the present time. The first about ten glutamic acid residues which are located within the amino-terminal about 40 amino acid sequence of these proteins are converted to gamma carboxylglutamic acid residues (gla residues) in a reaction catalyzed by a membrane-bound carboxylase(s) in the presence of vitamin K as a cofactor3. These gla residues in the proteins serve as the sites to bind calcium ions which are required for the optimal activities for these proteins.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 48109, USA

    Kotoku Kurachi

  2. Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington Seattle, Washington, 98195, USA

    Shi-Han Chen

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  1. Kotoku Kurachi
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  2. Shi-Han Chen
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA

    Stanford Wessler

  2. Cornell University Medical College, New York, New York, USA

    Carl G. Becker

  3. Mt. Sinai School of Medicine of the City University of New York, New York, New York, USA

    Yale Nemerson

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© 1987 Springer Science+Business Media New York

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Kurachi, K., Chen, SH. (1987). Human Genes for Factor IX and other Vitamin K Dependent Blood Proteins. In: Wessler, S., Becker, C.G., Nemerson, Y. (eds) The New Dimensions of Warfarin Prophylaxis. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-5985-3_6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-5985-3_6

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4757-5987-7

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4757-5985-3

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

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