Abstract
The basic principles, status, and new methods for the production of neutral nuclear spin polarized hydrogen atoms and of positive and negative polarized hydrogen ions are reviewed. The new developments are described and the performance of different types of sources is discussed. In particular, the improvement of the polarized atomic hydrogen beam density by cooling the atoms to low velocity, and their use for polarized targets and ion sources are discussed. The different ionization processes are presented, and suggested. The presently known techniques suggest H+ and D+ beam intensities in the mA range whereas H− and D− currents of a few 100 μA seem attainable.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
R. Fleischmann, 2nd Int. Symp. on Polarization Phenomena of Nucleons, Karlsruhe, P. Huber and H. Schopper, eds. Birkhäuser Verlag Basel and Stuttgart (1966), p. 21.
H.F. Clayish, Third Int. Symp. on Polarization Phenomena in Nuclear Reactions, Madison, H.H. Barschall and W. Haeberli eds. The University of Wisconsin Press Madison (1971), p. 267.
T.B. Clegg, Fourth Int. Symp. on Polarization Phenomena in Nuclear Reactions, Zürich, W. Grüebler and V. König eds. Birkhäuser Verlag Basel and Stuttgart (1976), p. 111.
W. Grüebler and P.A. Schmelzbach, Proc. Fifth Int. Symp. on Polarization Phenomena in Nuclear Physics, Santa Fe, G.G. Ohlsen et al., eds. AIP Proc. No. 69, AIP New York (1981), p. 848.
W. Haeberli, Proc. Int. Symp. High Energy Physics with Polarized Beams and Polarized Targets, Lausanne, C. Joseph and J. Soffer, eds. Birkhäuser Basel (1981), p. 199.
W. Grüebler, Proc. Sixth Int. Symposium on Polarization Phenomena in Nuclear Physics, Osaka, M. Kondo et al., eds. Suppl. Journ. Phys. Soc. Japan 55 (1986), p.435.
C. Hojvat et al., IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. 26: 3149 (1979).
Proc. Polarized Proton Ion Sources, Ann Arbor, A.D. Krisch and A.T.M. Lin eds., AIP Conf. Proc. No. 80, AIP New York (1982).
Proc. High Intensity Polarized Proton Source, Vancouver 1983, G. Roy and P. Schmor eds., AIP Conf. Proc. No 117, AIP New York (1984).
Proc. Intern. Workshop on Polarized Sources and Targets, Montana 1986, S. Jac-card and S. Mango eds., Rely. Phys. Acta 59:513–806, Birkhäuser Verlag Basel (1986).
Proc. High Energy Spin Physics, Brookhaven, G.M. Bunce ed., AIP Conf. Proc. No 95, AIP New York (1983).
Proc. Int. Symposium on High Energy Spin Physics, Marseille, J. Soffer ed., Journ. Phys. 46:02 (1985).
Proc. 7th Int. Symp. on High Energy Spin Physics, Profvino (USSR) 1986, in press.
R.M. Kulsrud, H.P. Furth, E.J. Valeo and M. Goldhaber, Phys. Rev. Lett. 49: 1248 (1982).
D. Kleppner, ref. 8, 111.
and Phys. Rev. Lett. 52: 1520 (1984).
R. Sprik, J.T.M. Walraven and I.F. Silvera, Phys. Rev. Lett. 51:479 and 942 (1983).
D. Kleppner and T.J. Greytak, ref. 11, 546.
P.G. Sona, Energ. Nucl. 14: 295 (1967).
I.F. Silvera and J.T.M. Walraven, Phys. Rev. Lett. 44: 164 (1980).
T.O. Niinikoski, Proc. Int. Synip. on High Energy Physics with Polarized Beams and Targets, Lausanne, C. Joseph and J. Soffer eds., Birkhäuser Verlag Basel (1981), p. 191.
T.O. Niinikoski, S. Penttilä, J.-M. Rieubland and A. Rijllart, Proc. 4th Int. Workshop on Polarized Target Material and Techniques, W. Meyer ed., Physikalische Institut, Universität Bonn (1985), p. 183.
R.S. Raymond, P.R. Cameron and D.G. Crabb, ref. 15, 202.
T.O. Niinikoski, S. Penttilä, J.-M. Rienbla.nd and A. Rijllart, ref. 3, 139.
T.B. Clegg, ref. 8, 21 and refs. therein.
T.B. Clegg, ref. 9, 63.
P. Schiemenz, F.J. Eckle, G. Eckle, G. Graw, H. Kader and F. Merz, ref. 6, 1056.
A. Isoya, T. Nakashima, K. Sagara and H. Nakamura, ref. 6, 1054.
A. Hofmann, H. Baumgart, J. Günzi, E. Huttel, N. Kniest, E. Pfaff, G. Reiter, S. Tarraketta and G.’ Clausnitzer, ref. 6, 1058 and private conununication G. Clausnitzer.
T.B. Clegg, ref. 9, 103.
E.K. Zavoiskii, Soviet Physics JETP 5: 338 (1957).
W. Haeberli, Proc. 2nd Int. Symp. on Polarization Phenomena in Nuclear Reactions P. Huber and H. Schopper eds., Birkhäuser Verlag Basel (1966), p.64.
L.W. Anderson, Nucl. Inst. Meth. 167: 363 (1979).
L.W. Anderson and J.T. Cusma, ref. 9, 133.
W. Happer, E. Miron, R. Knize and J. Cecchi, ref. 9, 114.
Y. Mori, K. Ikegami, Z. Igarashi, A. Takagi and S. Fukumoto, ref. 3, 123.
Y. Mori, A. Takagi, K. Ikegami and S. Fukumoto, ref. 6, p. 453.
C.D.P. Levy, M. McDonald, P.W. Schmor and S.Z. Yao, Proc. Intersection between Particle and Nuclear Physics, Steamboat Springs, R.E. Mischke ed., AIP Conf. Proc. No 123, AIP New York (1984).
R.R. Stevens, Jr., private communication.
and J. Phys. B At.Mol.Phys. 17: 229 (1984).
A.S. Schlachter, private communication.
H.G. Mathews, A. Kruger, S. Penselin and A. Weinig, Nucl. Inst. Meth. 213: 155 (1983).
P.F. Schultz, E.F. Parker and J.J. Madsen, ref. 4, 909.
W. Grüebler, Proc. Workshop on Polarized Targets in Storage Rings, Argonne, Report ANL-84–50, 223 (1984) and ref. 9, 1.
A. Hershcovitch, A. Kponou and T.O. Niinikoski, ref. 10, 526.
W.Z. Zhang, P.A. Schmelzbach, D. Singy and W. Grüebler, Nucl. Instr. Meth. A240: 229 (1985).
M. Ellilä, T.O. Niinikoski and S. Penttilä, Report CERN-EP/85–78 and submitted to Nucl. Inst. Meth.
A.S. Belov, S.K. Esin, S.A. Kubalov, V.E. Kuzik, A.A. Stepanov and V.P. Yakushev Pis’ma Zh. Eksp. Teor. Fiz. 42:319 (1985) and ref. 13.
P.A. Schmelzbach, W. Grüebler, V. König and B. Jenny, Nuel. Inst. Meth. 186:655 (1981) and W. Grüebler, ref. 9, 1.
T.B. Clegg, V. König, P.A. Schmelzbach and W. Grüebler, Nucl. Instr. Meth. A238: 195 (1985).
D. Hennies, R.S. Raymond, L.W. Anderson, W. Haeberli and H.F. Clayish, Phys. Rev. Lett. 40: 1234 (1978).
W. Haeberli, M.D. Barker, C.A. Gossett, D.G. Mavis, P.A. Quin, J. Sowinski, T. Wise, Nucl. Inst. Meth. 196: 319 (1982).
T. Wise and W. Haeberli, ref. 11, 615.
A. Kponou, J.G. Alessi and Th. Sluyters, Contr. to Particle Accelerator Conf. Vancouver, May (1985).
J.G. Alessi, Contr. to Particle Accelerator Conf. Vancouver, May (1985).
A.S. Schlachter, K.R. Stadler and J.W. Stearns, Phys. Rev. A22: 2494 (1980).
R.H. McFarland, A.S. Schlachter, J.W. Stearns, B. Lin and R.E. Olson, Phys. Rev. A26: 772 (1982).
W. Grüebler and P A Schmelzbach, Nucl. Inst. Meth. 212: 1 (1983).
R. Geller, B. Jacquot, C. Jacquot and Sermet, Nucl. Instr. Meth. 175: 261 (1980).
P.A. Schmelzbach, D. Singy, W. Griiebler and W.Z. Zhang, Nucl. Instr. Meth. A251: 407 (1986).
A.N. Zelenskii, A.S. Kokhanovskii, V.M. Lobashev and V.G. Polushkin, ref. 6, p. 1064.
P.W. Schmor, ref. 10, p. 643.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1987 Springer Science+Business Media New York
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Grüebler, W. (1987). Sources of Polarized Nuclei. In: Brunelli, B., Leotta, G.G. (eds) Muon-Catalyzed Fusion and Fusion with Polarized Nuclei. Ettore Majorana International Science Series, vol 33. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-5930-3_18
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-5930-3_18
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-1-4757-5932-7
Online ISBN: 978-1-4757-5930-3
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive