Implantable Cardiac Pacemakers

Abstract

Microelectronic technology is steadily contributing to the development of medical therapies and diagnostic aids. Many of these developments follow the general trend towards low-power and low-voltage circuits of electronic systems, in order to satisfy the voltage requirements of sub-micron technologies, as well as the need for portable terminals and heat dissipation management in complex chips. Nevertheless, the medical device field where the quest for realizing minimum consumption circuits and devices has been the most intense is still the area of active implantable devices.