Skip to main content

Creating the Conditions for Creativity in Reader Response to Literature

  • Chapter
Handbook of Creativity

Part of the book series: Perspectives on Individual Differences ((PIDF))

Abstract

In many classrooms today, the major task of students is to acquire and demonstrate a set of skills that are consistent with instructional objectives. Many educators would agree wholeheartedly with this focus and its implications of goal directedness, objectivity of measurement, and accountability. At the same time, however, an objectives-oriented classroom prescribes a particular role for the student, that of “achiever of objectives.” Certainly, the real lives of students are vastly richer in their many dimensions than this narrow role as achiever of objectives can give expression to. To the extent that this role is emphasized and valued over others, students’ experiences in schools correspondingly have become circumscribed, even impoverished in their scope. Lying untouched are students’ interests, their values, and, indeed, the full array of their capabilities as human beings.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 129.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Adams, M., and Bruce, B. (1982). Background knowledge and reading comprehension. In: J. A. Langer and M. T. Smith-Burke (Eds.), Reader meets author/bridging the Gap. A psycho-linguistic and sociolinguistic perspective (pp. 2–25 ). Newark, DE: International Reading Association.

    Google Scholar 

  • Anderson, J. R. (1983). The architecture of cognition. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Anderson, J. R. (1987). Skill acquisition: Compilation of weak-method problem solutions. Psychological Review, 94, 192–210.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Anderson, R. C. (1977). The notion of schemata and the educational enterprise. In: R. C. Anderson, R. J. Spiro, and W. E. Montague (Eds.), Schooling and the acquisition of knowledge (pp. 415–431 ). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.

    Google Scholar 

  • Anderson, R. C., and Pearson, P. D. (1984). A schema-theoretic view of basic processes in reading comprehension. In: P. D. Pearson (Ed.), Handbook of reading research (pp. 225–293). New York: Longman. Applebee, A. N. (1981). Writing in the secondary school.

    Google Scholar 

  • Urbana, IL: National Council of Teachers of English. Applebee, A. N. (1984). Contexts for learning to write. Norwood, NJ: Ablex.

    Google Scholar 

  • Applebee, A. N. (1985). Studies in the spectator role: An approach to response to literature. In: C. R. Cooper (Ed.), Researching response to literature and the teaching of literature: Points of departure (pp. 87–102 ). Norwood, NJ: Ablex.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bartlett, F. C. (1932). Remembering. London: Cambridge University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Beach, R. (1983). Attitudes, social conventions and response to literature. Journal of Research and Development in Education, 16 (1) 47–54.

    Google Scholar 

  • Beach, R., and Liebman-Kleine, J. (1986). The writing/reading relationship: Becoming one’s own best reader. In: B. Petersen (Ed.), Convergences: Transactions in reading and writing (pp. 64–81 ). Urbana, IL: National Council of Teachers of English.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bereiter, C. (1984). Learning about reading from writing. Written Communication, 1 (2), 163–188.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Birnbaum, J., and Emig, J. (1983). Creating minds, created texts: Writing and reading. In: R. P. Parker and F. A. Davis (Eds.), Developing literacy: Young children’s use of language (pp. 87–104 ). Newark, DL: International Reading Association.

    Google Scholar 

  • Birnbaum, J. C. (1986). Reflective thought: The connection between reading and writing. In: B. T. Peterson (Ed.), Convergences: Transactions in reading and writing (pp. 3045 ). Urbana, IL: National Council of Teachers of English.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bleich, D. (1975a). Readings and feelings: An introduction to subjective criticism. Urbana, IL: National Council of Teachers of English.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bleich, D. (1975b). The subjective character of critical interpretation. College English, 36 (7), 739–755.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bleich, D. (1978). Subjective criticism. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bleich, D. (1985). The identity of pedagogy and research in the study of response of literature. In: C. Cooper (Ed.), Researching response to literature and the teaching of literature: Points of departure (pp. 253–272 ). Norwood, NJ: Ablex.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bower, G. H. (1981). Mood and memory. American Psychologist, 36, 129–148.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bower, G. H., and Cohen, P. R. (1982). Emotional influences in memory and thinking: Data and theory. In: M. S. Clark and S. T. Fiske (Eds.), Affect and cognition (pp. 291–331 ). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bracewell, R. J., Frederiksen, C. H., and Frederiksen, J. D. (1982). Cognitive processes in composing and comprehending discourse. Educational Psychologist, 17 (3), 146–164.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bransford, J. D., Barclay, J. R., and Franks, J. J. (1972). Sentence memory: A constructive versus interpretive approach. Cognitive Psychology, 2, 193–209.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bruning, R. H. (1984). Key elements of effective teaching in the direct teaching model. In: R. L. Egbert and M. Kluender (Eds.), Using research to improve teacher education: The Nebraska Consortium (Teacher Education Monograph No. 1, pp. 7588 ). Washington, DC: ERIC Clearinghouse on Teacher Education.

    Google Scholar 

  • Collins, A. M., and Loftus, E. F. (1975). A spreading-activation theory of semantic processing. Psychological Review, 82, 407–428.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Comprone, J. J. (1986). Integrating the acts of reading and writing about literature: A sequence of assignments based on James Joyce’s “Counterparts.” In: B. Petersen (Ed.), Convergences: Transactions in reading and writing (pp. 215–230 ). Urbana, IL: National Council of Teachers of English.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cooper, C. R. (1985). Introduction. In: C. R. Cooper (Ed.), Researching response to literature and the teaching of literature: Points of departure (pp. ix-xix). Norwood, NJ: Ablex.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dewey, J. (1938). Experience and education. New York: Collier Books.

    Google Scholar 

  • Flower, L., and Hayes, J: R. (1980). A cognitive process of theory of writing. College Composition and Communication, 32, 365–387.

    Google Scholar 

  • Flower, L., and Hayes, J. R. (1981). Plans that guide the composing process. In: C. H. Frederickson and J. F. Dominic (Eds.), Writing: The nature, development and teaching of written communication ( 2nd ed., pp. 39–58 ). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.

    Google Scholar 

  • Flower, L., and Hayes, J. R. (1984). Images, plans and prose: The representation of meaning in writing. Written Communication, 1 (1), 120–160.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Frase, L. T. (1982). Introduction to special issue on writing. Educational Psychologist, 17, 129–130.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gilligan, S. G., and Bower, G. H. (1984). Cognitive consequences of emotional arousal. In: C. E. Izard, J. Kagan, and R. B. Zajonc (Eds.), Emotions, cognition, and behavior (pp. 547–588 ). Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Glover, J. A. (1980). Becoming a more creative person. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.

    Google Scholar 

  • Glover, J. A., Benton, S., and Bruning, R. H. (1983). Levels of processing: Effects of number of decision on prose recall. Journal of Educational Psychology, 75, 382–390.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Good, T. L. (1983). Classroom research: A decade of progress. Educational Psychologist, 18, 127–144.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Graves, D. (1983). Writing: Teachers and children at work. Exeter, NH: Heinemann.

    Google Scholar 

  • Harste, J. C., Woodward, V. A., and Burke, C. L. (1984). Examining our assumptions: A transactional view of literacy and learning. Research in the Teaching of English, 18, 18.

    Google Scholar 

  • Heidegger, M. (1962). Being and time (J. Macquarrie and E. Robinson, trans.). New York: Harper and Row. ( Original work published 1927 )

    Google Scholar 

  • Hintzman, D. L. (1986). “Schema activation” in a multipletrace memory model. Psychological Review, 93, 411–427.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Holland, N. H. (1968). The dynamics of literary response. New York: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Holland, N. H. (1975). Five readers reading. New Haven: Yale University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Holland, N. H. (1985). Reading readers reading. In: C. R. Cooper (Ed.), Researching response to literature and the teaching of literature: Points of departure (pp. 3–21 ). Norwood, NJ: Ablex.

    Google Scholar 

  • Horton, S. R. (1983). Thinking through writing. Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Isadora, R. (1979). Ben’s trumpet. New York, NY: Green-willow Books.

    Google Scholar 

  • Iser, W. (1974). The implied reader. Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Iser, W. (1978). The act of reading. A theory of aesthetic response. Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jenkins, J. J. (1974). Remember that old theory of memory? Well, forget it! American Psychologist, 29, 785–795.

    Google Scholar 

  • Johnston, P., and Pearson, P. D. (1982). Prior knowledge, connectivity, and the assessment of reading comprehension (Tech. Rep. No. 245 ). Urbana: University of Illinois, Center for the Study of Reading.

    Google Scholar 

  • Langer, J. A., and Smith-Burke, M. T. (1982). Reader meets author/bridging the Gap: A psycholinguistic and sociolinguistic Perspective. Newark, DE: International Reading Association.

    Google Scholar 

  • Loftus, G. R., and Loftus, E. F. (1976). Human memory: The processing of information. New York: Wiley.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mayher, J. S., Lester, N., and Prahl, G. M. (1983). Learning to write/writing to learn. Upper Montclair, NJ: Boynton/Cook.

    Google Scholar 

  • Meyer, B. F. (1982). Reading research and the composition teacher: The importance of plans. College Composition and Communication, 33, 27–49.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Minsky, M. (1975). A framework for representing knowledge. In: P. H. Winston (Ed.), The psychology of computer vision (pp. 211–277 ). New York: McGraw-Hill.

    Google Scholar 

  • Moffett, J. (1984). Reading and writing as meditation. In: J. Jensen (Ed.), Composing and comprehending. Urbana, IL: ERIC Clearinghouse on Reading and Communication Skills.

    Google Scholar 

  • Murphy, C. C. (1987). Enhancing eleventh graders critical comprehension of literary texts. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE.

    Google Scholar 

  • Murray, E. L. (1986). Imaginative thinking and human existence. Pittsburgh, PA: Duquesne University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Neisser, V. (1967). Cognitive psychology. New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts.

    Google Scholar 

  • Neisser, V. (1982). Memory observed: Remembering in natural contexts. San Francisco: W. H. Freeman and Company.

    Google Scholar 

  • Paris, S. G., andLindauer, B. K. (1976). The role of inference in children’s comprehension and memory for sentences. Cognitive Psychology, 8, 217–227.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Paris, S. G., and Lindauer, B. K. (1977). Constructive aspects of children’s comprehension and memory. In: R. V. Kail, Jr., and J. W. Hagen (Eds.), Perspectives on the development of memory and cognition (pp. 35–58 ). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pearson, P. D. (1985). Changing the face of reading comprehension instruction. Reading Teacher, 38 (8), 724–738.

    Google Scholar 

  • Petrosky, A. (1982). From story to essay: Reading and writing. College Composition and Communication, 33, 19–37.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Petrosky, A. (1985). Response: A way of knowing. In: C. R. Cooper (Ed.), Researching response to literature and the teaching of literature: Points of departure (pp. 70–83 ). Norwood, NJ: Ablex.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pound, E. (1983). The river merchant’s wife: A letter. In: A. W. Allison, H. Barrows, C. R. Blake, A. J. Can, A. M. Eastman, and H. M. English (Eds.), The Norton Anthology of Poetry ( 3rd ed., pp. 963–964 ). New York: W. W. Norton.

    Google Scholar 

  • Purves, A. C. (1976). Foreword to L. M. Rosenblatt, Literature as Exploration. New York: Modern Language Association of America.

    Google Scholar 

  • Read, P. B. (1984). Forward to C. E. Izard, J. Kagan, and R. B. Zajonc (Eds.), Emotions, cognition, and behavior. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ritchie, J. (1988, March). Reading, writing, and identity-Connections and misconnections. Paper presented at the 1988 Conference on College Composition and Communication, St. Louis, MO.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ronald, K. (1986). The self and the other in the process of composing: Implications for integrating the acts of reading and writing. In: B. Peterson (Ed.), Convergences: Transactions in reading and writing (pp. 231–245 ). Urbana, IL: National Council of Teachers of English.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rosenblatt, L. M. (1976). Literature as exploration ( 3rd ed. ). New York: Noble and Noble.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rosenblatt, L. M. (1978). The reader, the text, the poem: The transactional theory of the literary work. Carbondale, IL: Southern Illinois University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rosenblatt, L. M. (1985). The transactional theory of the literary work: Implications for research. In: C. R. Cooper (Ed.), Researching response to literature and the teaching of literature: Points of departure (pp. 33–53 ).

    Google Scholar 

  • Norwood, NJ: Ablex. Rumelhart, D. E. (1977). Understanding and summarizing brief stories. In: E. LaBerge and S. J. Samuels (Eds.), Basic processes in reading: Perception and comprehension (pp. 265–303). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rumelhart, D. E. (1980). Schemata: The building blocks of cognition. In: R. Spiro, B. Bruce, and W. Brewer (Eds.), Theoretical issues in reading and comprehension (pp. 33–58 ). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rumelhart, D. E., and Ortony, A. (1977). The representation of knowledge and memory. In: R. C. Anderson, R. J. Spiro, and W. E. Montague (Eds.), Schooling and the acquisition of knowledge (pp. 99–135 ). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.

    Google Scholar 

  • Salvatori, M. (1983). Reading and writing a text: Correlations between reading and writing patterns. College English, 45 (7), 657–667.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Scardamalia, M., and Bereiter, C. (1982). Assimilative processes in composition planning. Educational Psychologist, 17 (3), 165–171.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Schank, R. C., and Abelson, R. P. (1977). Scripts, plans, goals and understanding. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.

    Google Scholar 

  • Shanahan, J., and Lomax, R. G. (1986). An analysis and comparison of theoretical models of the reading-writing relationship. Journal of Educational Psychology, 78 (2), 116–123.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Siefert, C. M., McKoon, G., Abelson, R. P., and Ratcliff, R. (1986). Memory connections between thematically similar episodes. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 12, 220–231.

    Google Scholar 

  • Stanovich, K., and West, R. (1983). On priming by a sentence context. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 112, 1–36.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tierney, R., and Leys, M. (1986). What is the value of connecting reading and writing? In: B. T. Peterson (Ed.), Convergences: Transactions in reading and writing (pp. 15–29 ). Urbana, IL: National Council of Teachers of English.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tierney, R., and Pearson, P. D. (1983). Toward a composing model of reading. Language Arts, 60 (5), 568–579.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tompkins, J. P. (1980). An introduction to reader-response criticism. In: J. Tompkins (Ed.), Reader-response criticism: From formalism to post-structuralism (pp. ix-xxvi). Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Torrance, E. P. (1983). Creativity in the classroom. Washington, DC: National Education Association.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tulving, E. (1972). Episodic and semantic memory. In: E. Tulving and W. Donaldson (Eds.), Organization of memory (pp. 382–402 ). New York: Academic Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tulving, E. (1983). Elements of episodic memory. Oxford, England: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Whittlesea, B. W. A. (1987). Preservation of specific experiences in the representation of general knowledge. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 13, 3–17.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1989 Springer Science+Business Media New York

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Colvin, C.A., Bruning, R. (1989). Creating the Conditions for Creativity in Reader Response to Literature. In: Glover, J.A., Ronning, R.R., Reynolds, C.R. (eds) Handbook of Creativity. Perspectives on Individual Differences. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-5356-1_19

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-5356-1_19

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4419-3212-9

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4757-5356-1

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics