Abstract
Reinforced Earth was invented in 1963, by the French architect-engineer Henri Vidal. It is a construction material made of a frictional backfill material reinforced by linear flexible strips generally placed horizontally (Fig. 21.1). Since its invention, Reinforced Earth has found a wide use in many different areas of civil engineering, notably in retaining walls, seawalls, dams, bridge abutments, and foundation slabs. This technique has been adopted worldwide and the total number of Reinforced Earth structures built each year has been continuously increasing as indicated in Figure 21.2.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Bassett, R. H. and Last, H. C. (1978), Reinforced earth below footings and embankments, Symposium on Earth Reinforcement, ASCE, Pittsburgh, pp. 202-231.
Gourmelon, J. P., Preynat, J. P., and Raharinaivo, A. (1975), Durabilité des ouvrages, Dimensionnement des Ouvrages en Terre Armée Murs et Culées de Ponts, Collection organized by the Association Amicale des Ingénieurs Anciens Elèves de l’Ecole Nationale des Ponts et Chaussées, pp. 97-105.
Guilloux, A. and Jailloux, J. M. (1979), Essai de rupture en vraie grandeur d’un mur en terre armée par corrosion accélérée, International Conference on Soil Reinforcement: Reinforced Earth and Other Techniques, ENPC-LCPC, Paris, 2, pp. 503-508.
Guilloux, A., Schlosser, F., and Long, N. T. (1979), Etude du frottement sable-armature en laboratoire, International Conference on Soil Reinforcement: Reinforced Earth and Other Techniques, ENPC-LCPC, Paris, 1, pp. 35-40.
Haussmann, M. R. (1976), Strength of reinforced soil, Australian Road Research Board, Session 13, 8, pp. 1–8.
Haviland, J. E., Bellair, P. J., and Morrel, V. (1968), Durability of corrugated metal, Highway Research Record No. 242, Washington D.C.
John, N. W. M, Ritson, R., Johnson, P. B., and Petley, D. J. (1983), Instrumentation of reinforced soil walls, Proceedings, 8th ECSMFE, Helsinki, 2, pp. 509–512.
Laréal, P. and Bacot, J. (1973), Etude sur modèles réduits bi-dimensionnels de la rupture de massifs en terre armée, Travaux, No. 463.
Madani, C. (1979), Etude du mécanisme interne et du comportement dynamique de la terre armée à l’appareil triaxial, Doctorate Thesis, Ecole Nationale des Ponts et Chaussées, Paris.
McKittrick, D. P. (1979), Reinforced earth: application of theory and research to practice, Ground Engineering, 12, No. 1, pp. 19–31.
Mitchell, J. K. and Schlosser, F. (1979), Mechanism, behavior and design methods for earth reinforcement, General Report, International Conference on Soil Reinforcement: Reinforced Earth and Other Techniques, ENPC-LCPC, Paris, 3, pp. 23-74.
Plumelle, C. (1984), Improvement of the bearing capacity of soil by inserts of group and reticulated micropiles, International Conference on In-situ Soil and Rock Improvement, Paris, pp. 83-89.
Romanoff, M. (1957), Underground Corrosion, Circular No. 579, N.B.S., Washington, D.C.
Romstad, K. M., Al-Yassin, Z., Herrman, L. R., and Shen, C. K. (1978), Stability analysis of Reinforced Earth retaining structures, Symposium on Earth Reinforcement, ASCE, Pittsburgh, pp. 685–713.
Schlosser, F., Long, N. T., Guegan, Y., and Legeay, G. (1972), Etude de la Terre Armée à l’appareil triaxial, Rapport de recherche, No. 17, LCPC, Paris.
Schlosser, F. and Long, N. T. (1975), Choix de matériau de remblai, Dimensionnement des Ouvrages en Terre Armée Murs et Culées de Ponts, Collection organized by the Association Amicale des Ingénieurs Anciens Elèves de l’Ecole Nationale des Ponts et Chaussées, pp. 141-148.
Schlosser, F. and Elias, V. (1978), Friction in reinforced earth, Symposium on Earth Reinforcement, ASCE, Pittsburgh, pp. 735–763.
Schlosser, F. and Guilloux, A. (1981), Le frottement dans le reinforcement des sols, Révue Française de Géotechnique, No. 16, pp. 66-77.
Schlosser, F., Jacobsen, H. M., and Juran, I. (1983), Soil reinforcement, General Report, Proceedings, 8th ECSMFE, Helsinki, 3, pp. 83–104.
Schlosser, F. and Bastick, M. (1985), Reinforced Earth: new aspects and new applications, 3rd International Geotechnical Seminar on Soil Improvement Methods, Singapore, pp. 273-284.
Schlosser, F. and Delage, P. (1987), Reinforced soil retaining structures and polymeric materials, NATO Advanced Research Workshop on the Application of Polymeric Reinforcement in Soil Retaining Structures, Kingston, Canada, NATO ASI Series E147, published in 1988, pp. 3-65.
Yang, Z. (1972), Strength and deformation characteristics of reinforced sand, Ph.D. Thesis, University of California, Los Angeles.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1991 Springer Science+Business Media New York
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Schlosser, F., Bastick, M. (1991). Reinforced Earth. In: Fang, HY. (eds) Foundation Engineering Handbook. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-5271-7_21
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-5271-7_21
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-1-4757-5273-1
Online ISBN: 978-1-4757-5271-7
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive