Abstract
Numerical modeling of water-wave behavior has progressed rapidly in the last several years and is now generally recognized as a useful tool capable of providing solutions to many coastal engineering problems. This paper discusses the evolution of a numerical hydrodynamic model including its applications to a variety of problems in which long-wave theory is valid. To achieve a solution to the governing equations, finite difference techniques are employed on a stretched rectilinear grid system. The most recent version of the model permits a selection of solution schemes. Choices include both implicit and explicit formulations written in terms of velocity or transport dependent variables. The model predicts vertically integrated flow patterns as well as the distribution of water surface elevations. Code features include the treatment of regions which are inundated during a part of the computational cycle, subgrid barrier effects, variable grid, and a variety of permissible boundary conditions and external forcing functions. Reproduction of secondary flow effects is an important aspect for a hydrodynamic model. Discussion of methods which are appropriate for treating the nonlinear terms in the governing equations (terms which cause secondary flow effects) is given. Direction of future code developments also is discussed.
Applicability of the numerical model is demonstrated through a presentation of various ocean-estuarine system problems for which the model was applied. These include simulations of tidal circulation as well as coastal flooding from hurricane surges and tsunami waves.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Abbott, M. B., discussion of “Review of Models of Tidal Waters,” by J. B. Hinwood and I. G. Wallis, Journal of the Hydraulics Division, ASCE, Vol. 102, No. HY8, Proc. Paper 12280, Aug. 76, pp. 1145–1148.
Abraham, G. and Karelse, M., discussion of “Classification of Models of Tidal Waters” and Review of Models of Tidal Waters,” by J. B. Hinwood and I. G. Wallis, Journal of the Hydraulics Division, ASCE, Vol. 102, No. HY6, Proc. Paper 12164, June 76, pp 808–811.
Ahlert, R. C., Harlukowicz, T. J., and Nordstrom, K. F., “Hydro-dynamic Surveys of Corson and Great Egg Harbor Inlets,” TR 76–1 WRE, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, N. J., 1976.
Brogdon, N. J., “Galveston Bay Hurricane Surge Study, Report 1, Effects of Proposed Barriers on Hurricane Surge Heights,” Technical Report H-69–12, U. S. Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station, CE, Vicksburg, MS, 1969.
Butler, H. L., “Numerical Simulation of Tidal Hydrodynamics: Great Egg Harbor and Corson Inlets, New Jersey,” Technical Report H-78–11, U. S. Army Waterways Experiment Station, CE, Vicksburg, MS, June 1978.
Butler, H. Lee, “Numerical Simulation of the Coos Bay-South Slough Complex,” Technical Report H-78–22, U. S. Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station, CE, Vicksburg, MS, Dec 1978.
Butler, H. Lee, “Coastal Flood Simulation in Stretched Coordinates,” 16th International Conference on Coastal Engineering, Proc. to be published, ASCE, Hamburg, Germany, 27 Aug-1 Sep 1978.
Butler, H. L. and Raney, D. C., “Finite Difference Schemes for Simulating Flow in an Inlet-Wetlands System,” Proceedings of the Army Numerical Analysis and Computers Conference, The Army Mathematics Steering Committee, Durham, NC, Mar 1976.
Butler, H. Lee and Wanstrath, J. J., “Hurricane Surge and Tidal Dynamic Simulation of Ocean Estuarine Systems,” ASCE 1976 Hydraulics Division Specialty Conference, Purdue University, Indiana, 4–6 Aug 1976.
Flokstra, C., “The Closure Problem for Depth-Averaged Two-dimensional Flow,” Paper A 106, 17th International Association for Hydraulic Research Congress, Baden-Baden, Germany, 1977, pp. 247–256.
Hinwood, J. B., and Wallis, I. G., “Classification of Models of Tidal Waters,” Journal of the Hydraulics Division, ASCE, Vol. 101, No. HY 10, Proc. Paper 11643, Oct 1975, pp. 1315–1331.
Hinwood, J. B. and Wallis, I. G., “Review of Models of Tidal Waters,” Journal of the Hydraulics Division, Vol. 101, No. HY 11, Proc. Paper 11693, Nov 1975, pp. 1405–1421.
Hinwood, J. B. and Wallis, I. G., Closure to “Classification of Models of Tidal Waters,” Journal of the Hydraulics Division, ASCE, Vol. 102, No. HY12, Proc. Paper 12586, Dec, 1976, pp. 1776–1777.
Houston, J. R., Carver, R. D., and Markle, D. G., “Tsunami-Wave Elevation Frequency of Occurrence for the Hawaiian Islands,” Technical Report H-77–16, U. S. Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station, CE, Vicksburg, MS., 1977.
Houston, James R. and Butler, H. Lee, “A Numerical Model for Tsunami Inundation,” Technical Report HL-79–2, U. S. Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station, C.E., Vicksburg, MS, Feb 1979.
Jelesnianski, C. P., “A Numerical Calculation of Storm Tides Induced by a Tropical Storm Impinging on a Continental Shelf,” MWR, 93, 1965, pp 343–358.
Kuipers, J. and Vreugdenhil, C. B., “Calculations of Two-Dimensional Horizontal Flow,” Report No. S163, Part 1, Delft Hydraulics Laboratory, Delft, the Netherlands, Oct., 1973.
Lean, George H., and Weare, T. John, “Modeling Two-dimensional Circulating Flow,” Journal of the Hydraulics Division, Proc. Paper 14312 ASCE, Vol. 105, No. HY 1, Feb 1979, pp. 17–26.
Leendertse, J. J., “A Water-Quality Simulation Model for Well-Mixed Estuaries and Coastal Seas., Vol. 1, Principals of Computation,” RM-6230-rc, Rand Corp., Santa Monica, CA, Feb 1970.
Magoon, O. T., “Structural Damage by Tsunamis,” Coastal Engineering Santa Barbara Specialty Conference of the Waterways and Harbors Division, ASCE, Oct 1965, pp. 35–68.
Masch, F. D., Brandes, R. J., and Reagan, J. D., “Simulation of Hydrodynamics in a Tidal Inlet,” Water Resources Engineers, Inc., Austin, Texas, Technical Report prepared for U. S. Army Coastal Engineering Research Center, Fort Belvoir, VA, Feb 1973.
Reid, R. O., and Bodine, B. R., “Numerical Model for Storm Surges in Galveston Bay,” Journal of Waterways and Harbors Division, ASCE, Vol. 94, No. WW1, Proc. Paper 5805, Feb 1968, pp. 33–57.
Roberts, J. A. and Kauper, E. K., “The Effects of Wind and Precipitation on the Modification of South Beach, Crescent City, California,” ARG64 FT-168, Office of the Chief of Research and Development, Washington, D. C., 1964.
Vreugdenhil, C. B., “Secondary-Flow Computations,” Delft Hydraulics Laboratory, Publication No. 114, Nov 1973.
Wanstrath, J. J., Whitaker, R. E., Reid, R. O., and Vastano, A. C., “Storm Surge Simulation in Transformed Coordinates, Vol. I -Theory and Application,” Technical Report 76–3, U. S. Army Coastal Engineering Research Center, CE, Fort Belvoir, VA, Nov 1976.
Weare, T. John, “Instability in Tidal Flow Computational Schemes,” Journal of the Hydraulics Division, ASCE, Vol. 102, No. HY5, Proc. paper 12100, May 1976, pp. 569–580.
Weare, T. John, “Personal Communication on Implicit Finite Difference Schemes,” Paper to be published, 1979.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1980 Springer Science+Business Media New York
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Butler, H.L. (1980). Evolution of a Numerical Model for Simulating Long-Period Wave Behavior in Ocean-Estuarine Systems. In: Hamilton, P., Macdonald, K.B. (eds) Estuarine and Wetland Processes. Marine Science, vol 11. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-5177-2_6
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-5177-2_6
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-1-4757-5179-6
Online ISBN: 978-1-4757-5177-2
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive