Abstract
The Gram-negative septic syndrome is characterized by hypotension, intravascular coagulation and multiple organ failure (1). A large body of clinical and experimental evidence indicates that lipopolysaccharides present in the Gram-negative bacterial outer membrane -endotoxins- play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of septicemia (2). In fact, we have recently reported that endotoxemia (as detected by the Limulus assay) is a better predictor of septicemia than Gram-negative bacteremia (3). Interestingly, the majority of patients with Gram-negative bacteremia who did not develop septicemia as defined by clinical criteria had a negative endotoxin test, whereas patients with endotoxemia had a high probability of developing septicemia. Therefore, we concluded that Gram-negative bacteremia and endotoxemia should be considered separate clinical entities, the latter being associated with the Gram-negative septic syndrome (3, 4).
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de Vries, I. et al. (1990). Endotoxin-Induced Cytokines in Human Septicemia. In: Friedman, H., Klein, T.W., Nakano, M., Nowotny, A. (eds) Endotoxin. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 256. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-5140-6_58
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-5140-6_58
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