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Cerebral Endothelium, Blood-Brain-Barrier and the Astrocyte Membrane

  • Chapter
The Blood-Retinal Barriers

Abstract

The manner in which protein crosses from blood to the extracellular clefts of the brain, when the barrier to such passage has been disrupted, has not been fully elucidated. The barrier, which maintains a sharp gradient between the high concentration of protein within the blood and the very low amount in the extracellular fluid of the cerebral parenchyma, is endothelial. The occlusion of the extracellular clefts between adjacent endothelial cells by successive belts of tight junctions together with the absence of vesicular transfer ensure that proteins do not cross the cerebral vessel (Reese and Karnovsky, 1967). The degree of occlusion is complete with regard to protein and substances as small as ionic lanthanium (La3+) (Bouldin and Krigman, 1975), which has a diameter of about 0.9 nm.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory of Neuropathology and Neuroanatomical Sciences National Institute of Neurological and Communicative Diseases and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, 20205, USA

    K. Dorovini-Zis, J. J. Anders & M. W. Brightman

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  1. K. Dorovini-Zis
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  2. J. J. Anders
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  3. M. W. Brightman
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Abraham Lincoln School of Medicine, University of Illinois College of Medicine, USA

    Jose G. Cunha-Vaz (Professor, Director, Professor and Chairman) (Professor, Director, Professor and Chairman)

  2. Retina Service, University of Illinois Eye and Ear Infirmary, Chicago, Illinois, USA

    Jose G. Cunha-Vaz (Professor, Director, Professor and Chairman) (Professor, Director, Professor and Chairman)

  3. Department of Opthalmology, University of Coimbra, Portugal

    Jose G. Cunha-Vaz (Professor, Director, Professor and Chairman) (Professor, Director, Professor and Chairman)

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Dorovini-Zis, K., Anders, J.J., Brightman, M.W. (1980). Cerebral Endothelium, Blood-Brain-Barrier and the Astrocyte Membrane. In: Cunha-Vaz, J.G. (eds) The Blood-Retinal Barriers. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-4655-6_3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-4655-6_3

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4757-4657-0

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4757-4655-6

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