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Chlamydia Internalization and Intracellular Fate

  • Chapter
Bacterial Invasion into Eukaryotic Cells

Part of the book series: Subcellular Biochemistry ((SCBI,volume 33))

Abstract

Chlamydiae are obligate intracellular bacteria that cause a wide spectrum of disease in both humans and non-human species. Within the family Chlamydiaceae, there is a single genus and four species: Chlamydia trachomatis,Chlamydia psittaci, Chlamydia pneumoniae and Chlamydia pecorum. Diseases of humans caused by Chlamydia trachomatis include sexually transmitted diseases and endemic blinding trachoma. C. pneumoniae is a widespread cause of community-acquired pneumonia (Grayston et al., 1989) and is of intense current interest due to possible associations with atheroschlerosis (Kuo et al.,1995). C. psittaci is primarily a zoonosis that occasionally infects humans and C. percorum is also an animal pathogen but infections of humans have not been reported. There are at least 15 serologically distinguished serovars of C. trachomatis with several sub-types now recognized. Different serovars are associated with distinct diseases. Infections caused by serovars A-C are associated primarily with endemic blinding trachoma, the leading cause of preventable blindness worldwide. Infections caused by serovars D-K are typically localized to the genital tract and are the most common cause of sexually transmitted disease. The lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV) serovars, Ll, L2, and L3 also cause sexually transmitted infections, however, unlike diseases caused by the trachoma serovars which remain localized to mucosal epithelium, diseases caused by LGV are more systemic and invade the inguinal lymph nodes. Based upon the ability to cause systemic infections as well as differences in interactions with eukaryotic cells in vitro, the human C. trachomatis serovars are considered to comprise two biovars, trachoma and lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV) (Schachter and Caldwell, 1980).

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  1. Host-Parasite Interactions Section, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, Hamilton, Montana, 59840, USA

    M. Scidmore-Carlson & T. Hackstadt

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  1. M. Scidmore-Carlson
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  1. Institut für Molekulare Infektionsbiologie, Universität Würzburg, 97070, Würzburg, Germany

    Tobias A. Oelschlaeger  & Jörg Hacker  & 

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Scidmore-Carlson, M., Hackstadt, T. (2000). Chlamydia Internalization and Intracellular Fate. In: Oelschlaeger, T.A., Hacker, J. (eds) Bacterial Invasion into Eukaryotic Cells. Subcellular Biochemistry, vol 33. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-4580-1_18

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