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Umbilical Cord and Major Fetal Vessels

  • Chapter
Pathology of the Human Placenta

Abstract

The development of the umbilical cord is closely related to that of the amnion (see Chapter 7). Throughout the last days of the 2nd week p.c. the blastocystic cavity is filled by a loose meshwork of mesoderm cells, the extraembryonic mesoblast, which surrounds the embryoblast (Figure 115). The embryoblast is composed of two vesicles: the amnionic vesicle and the primary yolk sac. Where these two vesicles are in contact with each other, they form the double-layered embryonic disk. During the following days the extraembryonic mesoderm cells are rearranged in such a way that they line the inner surface of the trophoblastic shell, as chorionic mesoderm. They also cover the surface of the two embryonic vesicles (Figure 115). Between the two mesoderm layers the exocoelomic cavity forms. It largely separates the embryo and its mesodermal cover from the chorionic mesoderm. The exocoelom is bridged by the mesoderm in only one place, which lies basal to the amnionic vesicle.

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  1. Pathology and Reproductive Medicine, University of California, San Diego, USA

    Kurt Benirschke MD (Professor)

  2. University Medical Center, 92103-1990, San Diego, California, USA

    Kurt Benirschke MD (Professor)

  3. Institut für Anatomie der Medizinischen Fakultät, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische, Hochschule Aachen, 5100, Aachen, Germany

    Professor Dr. med. Peter Kaufmann

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Benirschke, K., Kaufmann, P. (1990). Umbilical Cord and Major Fetal Vessels. In: Pathology of the Human Placenta. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-4193-3_8

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